Bone marrow transplantation was considered effective treatment for leukemias and other haematological diseases. Acute graft v-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The T lymphocytes were specially depleted by anti-CD5, CD2, CD8, CD27 monoclonal antibody-ricin immunotoxins. Inhibition of the protein synthesis and T-cell functions in the target cells was observed in vitro. At 10 9mol / L of the immunotoxin, 3 logs (99.9%) of target cells were killed, but no cytotoxicity on nontarget cells. At the same concentration, the anti T cell immunotoxin had no any influence on the proliferating rate of CFU-GM and BFU E. None of the ten patients who received T cell depleted bone marrow developed grade III or IV acute GVHD.

Objective To prove the application of bilingual teaching in the child health care curriculum. MethodsEnglish dubbing and Chinese subtitling DVD coursewares of child growth and development were played to medical interns.The interns were asked to do questionnaires to examine feasibility and effectiveness. Results In 8-year program medical students,77.8% of them and 64.8% of the 5-year nutrition professional students could understand the contents of more than 90%.If there was no Chinese subtitles,the ratio were only 5.6% and 6.4%.Most students preferred English subtitles and dubbing,and endorsed the model of bilingual teaching. Conclusion DVD coursewares with Chinese subtitles and English dubbing can be widely used in the teaching of child health care.

Graphite ; Humans ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods ; Vanadium ; urine

AIM:To investigate the relationship between the fluctuation of blood glucose and the macrovascular complication of atherosclerosis (AS) in diabetic patients.METHODS:The individuals with different glucose tolerance were observed by continuous glucose monitoring for 3 days including the mean blood glucose (MBG) and its standard deviation (SD),mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) and absolute means of daily differences (MODD).In addition,the intima-media thickness (IMT),intima smoothness as well as AS scores were measured respectively in bilateral common carotid arteries by means of high resolution B mode ultrasonography.RESULTS:The incidence of macrovascular complications in the subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was significantly higher than those in the subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT),and a significantly difference between group IGT and T2DM was observed.The indexes detected by B mode ultrasonography were all increased gradually from NGT to IGT,then to newly diagnosed T2DM.The values of glycemic excursion were higher in IGT and T2DM group,especially in the subjects with diabetes than those in NGT group.In addition,multiple regression analysis showed that MAGE was significantly correlated with mean IMT and AS scores.CONCLUSION:Blood glucose fluctuation is associated with atherosclerosis.The patients with a larger range of blood glucose excursion have higher risks for developing atherosclerotic complications.The impaired glucose stability is a possible risk factor for atherosclerotic macroangiopathy in diabetes.

AIM: To evaluate the effect of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) or staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC) combining with dendritic cells (DC) on T cell functions and in vitro anti-HcaF tumor cytotoxicity of activated T cells. METHODS: S-100 protein expression in DC was detected by immune histochemistry staining. The expressions of I-E~? and CD80 molecules on DC, the expression of CD69 molecule on T cells and the production of IL-2 and TNF-? by T cells were determined with flow cytometry. The proliferation of T cells and its cytotoxicity to HcaF tumor cells were detected by MTT assay. RESULTS: In vitro experiments showed that isolated DC expressed high level of S-100 protein. SEB or SEC-induced DC highly expressed I-E~? and CD80 molecules and that SEB or SEC-induced DC promoted the activation and proliferation of T cells. 100 ?g/L of SEB or SEC was the most effective concentrations to induce T cells to secret IL-2 and TNF-?. The T cells activated by SEB or SEC combined with DC showed significant cytotoxicity to HcaF cells, appearing a stronger role than tumor antigen combined with DC. There was no difference in the role for T lymphocytes between both SEB and SEC. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that SEB or SEC combined with DC is an effective way to enhance T cell functions, producing stronger cytotoxicity to HcaF tumor cells than tumor antigen-loaded DC used at present, which offers a forceful evidence for the possibility of superantigen SEB or SEC combining with DC to be applied to clinical tumor immunotherapy.

The interleukin-12 (IL-12) family, including IL-12, IL-23, IL-27,and IL-35, is characterized by unique structures and molecular partners.This is the only family of heterodimeric cytokines, which endows them with a unique set of connections and functional interactions.They not only play an important role in the regulation of inflammation, but are closely related to various autoimmune diseases.Here we discuss the structural aspects of these cytokines and their effect on some autoimmune diseases.

Objective To study the clinical significances of serum lipoprotein (LP),high sensitivity C- reactive protein (hs CRP),cystatin (Cys-C),apolipoprotein (Apo) in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients with early renal impairment.Methods Totally 96 patients were divided into two groups:50 cases in simple diabetic group (DM) aged 60-73 years,46 cases in diabetic nephropathy group (DN) aged 61-72 years,and 50 healthy persons as normal control group aged 61-68 years.Serum levels of LP(a),hs-CRP,Cys-C,ApoA1 and ApoB were detected.Results Serum levels of LP (a) [(214.8±182.3) mg/L vs.(113.1±76.2) mg/L],Cys-C[(0.95±0.16)mg/L vs.(0.46±0.17) mg/L],hs-CRP (2.57± 1.84) mg/L vs.(1.07±0.38)mg/L] and ApoB [(1.12±0.18) g/L vs.(0.81 ±0.15) g/L ]were higher in T2DM patients than in normal control group(all P＜0.01),while ApoA1 level was lower than in control[(1.02±0.17)g/L vs.(1.27±0.14)g/L,P＜ 0.01].The levels of LP (a) (455.6 ± 263.5 ) mg/L,Cys-C (2.14 ± 0.68 ) mg/L,hs-CRP (7.24±4.55)mg/L and ApoB(1.22±0.17)g/L in DN group were increased compared with DM group (all P＜0.01).Serum levels of ApoA1 were decreased in DN group compared with DM group [(0.88±0.17) g/L vs.(1.02±0.17) g/L,P＜0.01].The serum levels of LP (a) (r=0.487,P＜0.05),Cys-C(r=0.55,P＜0.05),hs-CRP(r=0.478,P＜0.01) and ApoB(r=0.505,P＜0.05) were positively correlated with urinary mAlb in T2DM patients,while ApoA1 was negtively related with mAIb(r=-0.52,P＜0.05).Conclusions The serum LP (a),Cys C,Apo and hsCRP could be sensitive markers of early renal impairment,and their combinatorial measurement offers more value in patients with T2DM.

To obtain active hFKBP52 protein for screening novel neu rotrophic drugs. Semi-nested and overlap PCR and affinity chromatography were u sed. hFKBP52 gene was cloned successfully from human fetal brain cDNA library, a nd then highly expressed (about 30%) as fusion protein in pET28a(+) vector syste m. The recombinant protein was purified as one band on SDS-PAGE. The purified h FKBP52 showed peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity, simil ar to the wild type.

BACKGROUND:Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS),an acute infection with a mutant coronavirus,is characterized by acute pulmonary inflammatory injury accompanied by possible multiple organ injuries. Besides somatic symptoms,affective disorder constitutes an obvious neuropsychiatric symptom in SARS patients.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the clinical features of SARS with neuropsychiatric involvement.DESIGN:A retrospective case analysis.SETTING:Department of Neurology,Department of Respiratory Diseases and Department of Radiology of Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.PARTICIPANTS:Totally 325 SARS patients treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and the 8th People's Hospital of Guangzhou from February 2003 to May 2003 were involved,including 173cases who developed neuropsychiatric symptoms.METHODS:The clinical data of 325 of SARS including 173 cases with neuropsychiatric symptoms were retrospectively analyzed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Clinical neuropsychiatric symptoms,ophthalmoscopic examination,and pathological findings in autopsy.RESULTS: ①The incidence of neuropsychiatric involvement was about 53.2% in SARS patients. The manifestations consisted mostly of headache (67.1%),dizziness(28.9%),conscious-ness disturbance(10.4%),mental disorder(4.6%), local orientational disorder(0.6%),seizures(1.2%),and affective disorders (30.6%);anxiety occurred in 20.2%,depression in 6.4%,suicidal tendency in 1.2%,and phobia in 7.5% of the patients with neuropsychiatric involvement. ②Among the 325 patients,56 were in critical condition of whom 47 had accompanying neuropsychiatric impairment,with significantly greater incidence than that in mild cases (P＜0.01). ③Ophthalmoscopic examination performed in 4 patients showed blurred margin of the optic disc with retinal venous congestion. ④Autopsy in 2 cases identified edema of the perivascular tissue and vascular wall of the small veins with mononuclear cell and lymphocyte infiltration,neuron degeneration and demyelination in focal brain tissues.CONCLUSION:The manifestations of neuropsychiatric involement can vary in association with the severity of SARS,and the typical pathological changes include edema,neuronal demyelination etc.in the brain.

Objective To study the influence of hemodiafiltration on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),serum parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and cardiac function in uremic patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods Forty patients with uremia were divided into hemodiafiltration (HDF) group (n =20) and hemodialysis(HD) group(n =20) by random numbers.Serum hs-CRP and iPTH were measured before treatment and at 6 months after treatment.Their left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD),interventricular septal thickness (IVST) and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) were measured by echocardiogram.Ten healthy volunteers were recruited as the normal controls.Results After treatment,serum hs-CRP and iPTH decreased significantly in the HDF group (hs-CRP:(3.32±1.t4) mg/L vs.(7.84 ±2.21) mg/L,t =2.072,P =0.046;iPTH:(155.36 ±81.33) ng/L vs.(190.25 ±82.31) ng/L,t =2.121,P =0.023).No significant difference of serum hs-CRP and iPTH was observed in the HD group before and after treatment (hs-CRP:(7.91 ±2.11) mg/L vs.(7.68 ± 1.86) mg/L,t =1.731,P =0.111 ; iPTH:(177.43 ± 85.43) ng/L vs.(184.35 ± 87.21) ng/L,t =1.331,P =0.210).Color Doppler indices of cardiac structure of the HDF group significantly improved after treatment compared with before treatment (LVEDd:(55.3 ±3.7) mm vs.(58.8 ±4.3) mm,t =2.345,P =0.015 ;LVESd:(33.5 ±2.6) mm vs.(36.4±4.3) mm,t=2.178,P=0.046;IVST:(10.2±1.7) mmvs.(13.1 ±1.8) mm,t=2.630,P=0.012;LVEF:(55.3 ±2.6)％ vs.(42.5 ±3.3)％,t =2.860,P =0.010;LVMI:(132.5 ±9.1)g/m2 vs.(137.4 ± 8.7) g/m2,t =2.871,P =0.009).After treatment,cardiac structure of the HDF group was significantly better than that of the HD group (LVEDd:(55.3 ± 3.7) mm vs.(59.1 ± 4.2) mm,LVESd:(33.5 ±2.6) mm vs.(36.1 ±3.4) mm,IVST:(10.2±1.7) vs.(12.4 ±1.3) mm,LVEF:(55.3 ±2.6)％vs.(43.4±2.7)％,LVMI:(132.5 ±9.1) g/m2 vs.(139.4 ±8.9) g/m2;P ＜0.05).During the six month treatment,the incidence rate of cardiovascular events of the HDF group was significantly less than the HD group (36.39％(524/1440) vs.(72.08(1038/1440),x2 =21.583,P＜0.01).Conclusion HDF may efficiently remove iPTH,improve cardiac function of uremic patients,and help them recover from micro-inflammatory state.