Influenza B/Yamagata has been circulating in humans for nearly half a century as a seasonal influenza virus. Like other subtypes or lineages of influenza viruses,B/Yamagata lineage virus has continuously mutated and evolved,resulting in multiple clades. In 2014,World Health Organization(WHO)recommended B/Phuket/3073/2013,a representative virus of B/Yamagata lineage 3A group,as a candidate vaccine virus. Since then,the 3A group virus had been the predominant virus of B/Yamagata lineage. Since March 2020,no B/Yamagata lineage virus has been isolated globally. B/Yamagata lineage virus has been probably extinct. Recently,there is a suggestion that WHO should exclude B/Yamagata component from quadrivalent influenza vaccines. This paper reviews the development history of influenza B and its vaccine strains,objectively analyzes the possible causes of the disappearance of B/Yamagata lineage viruses,and comprehensively describes the perspectives of multiple disciplines and departments,including virology,epidemiology,immunology,social sciences related to vaccine immunization and vaccine manufacturers. It makes recommendations on preventing the recurrence of B/Yamagata lineage viruses,and also suggests that policy making authorities and vaccine manufacturers should make plans and preparations for the replacement of quadrivalent vaccine to trivalent vaccine.

OBJECTIVE: To put forward suggestions for perfecting the Chinese legal procedure of the entry of drug manufacture.METHODS: The defects existing in Chinese legal procedure for the entry of pharmaceutical industry were analyzed by comparing the legal procedure for establishing pharmaceutical enterprise,permission of drug manufacturing and marketing between China and USA.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The Chinese legislature should draw useful legal experiences from USA to amend the legislation defects,substitute the approval procedure of drug manufacturing licence with the procedure of enterprise registration to implement the GMP certification for special drug product,and merge the validation procedure of GMP certification and the review procedure of the pharmaceutical development program and industry policies into the procedure of drug registration and approval.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of Irbesartan on cardiac size and its function in patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) after valve surgery.METHODS:50 RHD patients were divided into 2 groups:control group and Irbesartan group.Both groups were given conventional therapy for 6 months.Irbesartan group were additionally treated with Irbesartan (75～150 mg?d-1).Ehocardio graphic examinations were performed before and at 6th month after surgery.RESULTS:As compared with before treatment,the atriums and ventricles volume of 2 groups were decreased significantly at 6th month after treatment.The level of LVEF,RVEF,CI of patients were increased significantly after treatment (P

Objective To analyze the type of family function of children with cerebral palsy. Methods The data collected from 206 valid questionnaires were analyzed. Results The Total Function dimension was as the characteristic value in the family function. The result showed that children's family function could be divided into three types, namely, Problem Solving (M=26.5402), Effective Communication (M=23.4719) and Emotional Intervention (M=33.3750). Problem Solving (47.28%) and Effective Communication (48.37%) were the main types. Conclusion Family function of children with cerebral palsy can be mainly divided into Problem Solving and Effective Communica-tion, less of Emotional Intervention.

Objective To analyze the critical value items of hematology laboratory during 2015 in order to further perfect the critical values reporting system.Methods The critical value items of hematology laboratory during 2015 were collected from the Laboratory Information System (LIS)of this hospital and perform the statistical analysis on the occurrence rate of critical value,de-partment distribution and specimen source.Results The critical value items included 8 items of RBC,WBC,PLT,etc.There were 9 235 cases of critical value report in 2015 with the incidence rate of 1.74%.PLT had the largest proportion of critical values cases (30.62%),followed by PT (22.27%);PT had the highest rate of critical value(7.27%),followed by PLT(2.67%).The depart-ment of the highest occurrence rate in critical value was the hematology department,followed by the oncology department.Conclu-sion Some problems are exist reporting system,certain problems exist in setting the hematological critical item and threshold value setting .Various laboratories should formulate the critical value limit suitable for the hospital by positively consulting with clinic un-der the basis the setting of critical value items and critical limits.Laboratories should actively consult with clinicians to formulate the critical value limit that is suitable for the hospitals on the basis of reference literatures at home and abroad.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the transnational R&D strategy of Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises.METHODS:To compare and analyse the R&D status of the pharmaceutical enterprises in China and developed countries.To predicate the difficulties of the transnational R&D strategy.RESULTS &CONCLUSION:It is very possible to carry out the transnational R&D strategy for Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises.They can realize the transnational R&D activity by FDI and M&A,and choose Hongkong as the first location for this strategy.

Objective To investigate the short-and long-term efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) versus liver resection in the treatment of patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B multiple hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 80 patients with BCLC stage B multiple HCC who were treated from June 2010 to June 2011, and among these patients, 49 underwent liver resection (LR group) and 31 underwent TACE (TACE group).The postoperative complications, changes in liver function parameters, survival time, and 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were compared between the two groups.The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.The Kaplan-Meier curve was used for survival analysis, The log-rank test was used for conparison between two groups.Results At 1 week after surgery, the LR group and the TACE group had significant increases in total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (LR group: t=3.181, 2.181, and 2.955, P=0.002, 0.032, and 0.004;TACE group: t=3.109, 3.965, and 4.519, P=0.003, P<0.001, and P<0.001), and after surgery, the LR group had significantly lower levels of AST and ALT than the TACE group (t=2.094 and 2.111, P=0.040 and 0.038).Compared with the TACE group, the LR group had significantly higher 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates (75.51%/51.02%/40.82% vs 61.29%/22.58%/9.68%, all P<0.05) and significantly longer median survival time (36.3 months vs 26.5 months, P<0.05).The LR group had a significantly lower recurrence rate than the TACE group (30.61% vs 67.74%, χ2=10.576, P=0.001).Conclusion Liver resection has a better effect in the treatment of patients with BCLC stage B multiple HCC than TACE and can improve overall survival and prolong survival time.

Neonatal purulent meningitis is one of the severe infectious diseases of the central nervous system.Escherichia coli K1 (E.coli K1) strain is the most common Gram-negative bacteria which leads to neonatal purulent meningitis.The mechanism of E.coli K1 translocation of the blood-brain barrier(BBB) include the high degree of bacteremia,invasion of brain microvessel endothelia cell by E.coli K1,receptor-mediated pinocytosis transport for E.coli K1 and the living bacteria across the BBB.The current knowledge on the mechanisms underlying the successful E.coli K1 translocation of the BBB are summarized in this review.

Objective To understand the basic situation of persons with intellectual disability in Henan province, and to provide relevant support to promote the realization of a well-off society. Methods According to the results of national disabled basic service condition and de-mand special survey, we investigated and analyzed 53,620 people who registered with intellectual disabilities. Results Intellectual disability accounted for 8.60%of the disabled, the average age was about 36.6 years old, men accounted for 61.3%, and women accounted for 38.7%. The average per capita income, education level and employment rate of the persons in Henan province were generally low. Most people en-joyed the medical insurance (94.5%) and medical insurance subsidies (59.1%). The demand for development of the people was mainly re-flected in the special educational, practical technical training, medical rehabilitation, functional training and the non-barrier transformation for kitchen and toilets. Conclusion The rehabilitation medical services in Henan province remain to be improved. The demands of intellectu-al disabilities' multi-level development need more attention.

Fatty acid synthase (FAS) can be regarded as a tumor-specific therapeutic target.High expression of FAS is found in many tumor tissues, and inhibition of its expression can induce tumor cell death.Recent researches has shown that FAS can be used not only as the target of tumor therapy, but also as a tumor marker.The serum FAS is higher in cancer patients.High expression of FAS is associated with tumor treatment tolerance, and some new inhibitors for FAS show good anti-cancer effects.