0. 05) , except that anemia and emaciation were more common in the elderly group than that in young group (P

Objective To reproduce a rabbit model of alginate immune pneumonia, and to study the pathogenic role of alginate on lung tissue. Methods Rabbits of group A, being challenged by saline, served as the control group. Rabbits of group B and C were immunized with seaweed alginate and bacterial alginate respectively. Body temperature,peripheral blood cells and the serum level of circulating immune complex (CIC) were measured after the challenge. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) specimens were incubated and bacterial colonies were counted. The cell number and differential count of BALF were made. The pathological changes of the lung tissue were observed under microscopy. Results In both seaweed alginate and bacterial alginate groups, the peripheral blood cell count and the number of bacterial colonies in BALF were similar to that of the saline group. However, the serum CIC levels and the cell count of BALF were increased significantly after the challenge. Under light microscopy, lymphocyte infiltration and lymphoid follicle formation around the bronchiolus were found in all alginate immunized groups, and there was also narrowing of bronchioli. Conclusion Both seaweed alginate and bacterial alginate could be used to establish the model of alginate immune pneumonia in rabbits. Alginate can cause inflammatory reaction and pathological changes in the rabbit lung, manifesting mainly peribronchilar lymphocytic infiltration and lymphoid follicle formation around the bronchioli.

Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the most common complication that leads to loss of vision after cataract surgery.Neodymium doped:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Nd:Yag) laser capsulotomy is a common treatment for PCO, but still associated with several complications.In the past decades, the prevention and treatment of PCO have always been a hot spot of research in ophthalmology.This review will address the advances in the prevention and treatment of PCO in the aspects of surgical techniques and types of intraocular lens (IOL).

Objective:To detect the pain status and the pain management of home-based advanced cancer patients, and to investigate the key factors impacting the satisfaction on pain management.Methods:Totally the data of 138 cases from the hospice department in the duration from Jan. 2019 to Jun. 2019 were collected and analyzed by χ2 test with SPSS 23.0. Results:109 cases in 138 cases received analgesics treatment before, 54.13% of these participants expressed satisfaction with the effect of their pain management, and 45.87% showed unsatisfied on their pain management. Cancer clinical stage and PMI (pain management index) were both detected to be the significant factors for satisfaction of pain management ( P<0.05, P=0.029; P<0.01, P=0.001) . Conclusions:Cancer clinical stage and PMI are found to be related to the satisfaction for pain management. The percentage of patients who use opioids increased. while there was still a part of patients suffering from inadequacy of pain management. The pain management for home-based advanced patients needs to be paid more attention by medical staff.

Objective To investigate and analyze the effect of current doctor-patient relationship on profession recognition of medical students and to make some accommodations for medical education. Methods Questionnaire was conducted among 800 medical students in North Sichuan Medical College concerning the aspects of recognition of doctor-patient relationship,profession recognition and effect of current doctor-patient relationship on profession recognition . Data statistics was done by SPSS 19 . 0 . Differences were analyzed by frequency,chi-square test by α=0.05 standard and Spearman correlation analysis. Results 67.6%(536/793)of the surveyed students thought that the current doctor-patient re-lationship exerted effect on their job concepts. According to the results of Spearman correlation analysis between current doctor-patient relationship(X)and effect of current doctor-patient relationship on future job con-cepts(Y),correlation coefficient was 0 . 088 ,P=0 . 013<0 . 05 . Conclusions Effect of current doctor-patient relationship on profession recognition of medical students results from health care policy, school education and society,therefore,university should improve related education .

Objective To explotr clinical application of impulse oscillation system(IOS)determining bronchodilator reversibility test and the impact of age factor on positive values of bronchoddilator reversibility test in children.Methods Two hundred and fifteen patients during asthma attack were recruited randomly for this study.They were divided into three groups according to their age(4-7 year-old group,8-11 year-old group and 12-16 year-old group).Mensurated MEFV and IOS lung function.Carried on the bronchial dilation test with the results.Forced expiratory volume in first second(FEV1),the sensitivity and specificity of IOS parameters,total respiratory impedance(Zrs),respiratory resistance at 5 Hz(R5)and 20 Hz(R20),reactance at 5 Hz(X5)and resonant frequency(Fres)for diagnosing asthma at different improvement levels after inhalation of bronchedilator were calculated respectively through using FEV1 as a "sold standard"in the different age groups.Results After inhalation of bronchodilator,Fres,Zrs,R5,X5 and R20 of IOS were improved significantly.The improvement of X5 was the most obvious,however the decline of R20 was the lowest.The improving rate of Fres,Zrs,R5 had very significant difference in the three age groups(P＜0.01).It displayed that the age factor was very important impact factor on the improving rate of Fres,Zrs,R5,however the improving rate of X5 was on difference in the three age groups(P＞0.05).In the three age groups,there were significantly positive correlations between X5,R5,Zrs and FEV1(P＜0.01).there wash't correlations between R20 and FEV1 in the 4-7 year-old group and the 12-16 year-old group(P＞0.05).Furthermore,when an increase of FEV1 equaling to or greater than 15% was used as reference for positive bronchial reversibility,the improve rate of Fres,Zrs,R5,and X5 equaled to or greater than 13%,23%,17%,31%,respectively in 4-7 year-old group,18%,26%,25%,32%,respectively in 8-11 year-old group,25%,28%,28%,36%,respectively in 12-16 year-old group. Conclusions IOS can be used to assess bronchodilator reversibility test in children,and age factors should be paid attention.

Objective To studythe efficacy of levosimendan in treating refractory heart failure complicating severe renal in sufficiency.Methods Sixty-seven cases of refractory heart failure complicating severe renal insufficiency in the internal medicine department of our hospital were randomly divided into the levosimendan treatment group(L group,n=33)and dopamine treatment group(D group,n=34).The changes of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-pro-BNP),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)and glomerular filtration rate(GFR)before treatment and on 1,3,7,30 d after treatment were compared between the two groups and analyzed.Results Before the treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in the baseline indicators between the two groups(P＞0.05).The group L:the NT-pro-BNP level on 1,3,7 d after treatment was decreased significantly(P＜ 0.05),LVEF on 3,7 d was significantly increased compared with th baseline(P＜0.05)and GFR on 1,3,7,30 d was significantly increased compared with the baseline(P＜0.05).The group D:the NT-pro-BNP level on 7 d of treatment was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),LVEF on 7 d of treatment was significantly increased compared with the baseline(P＜0.05),and no statistically significant changes were observed in GFR on 1,3,7,30 d(P＞0.05).After treatment,NT-pro-BNP,LVEF and GFR significant level values in the group L were better than those in the group D.Conclusion Levosimendan is superior to dopamine in improving heart and renal function for the patients with refractory heart failure complicating severe renal insufficiency.

Objective To investigate the effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia and on GLUT-2, IRS-2 expression in the rat kidney .Methods Rats were randomly divided into control group ( control) , chronic intermittent hypoxia group (CIH), chronic intermittent hypoxia reoxygenation group (RH).The chronic intermittent hypoxia animal models were developed , arterial blood gas analysis was immediately carried out .Serum glucose was measured by peroxidase and serum insulin was detected by radioimmunoassay .After Removing the kidney tissue of rats ,protein expression of GLUT-2, IRS-2 were detected with Western blot and immunohistochemical , mRNA expression of GLUT-2,IRS-2 were observed by qPCR .Results Oximetry in the control group was ≥95%, oxygen saturation in the CIH group was ≤85%, oxygen saturation in the RH group was ≥86%; fasting blood glucose , serum insulin and insulin resistance index in the CIH group were significantly higher those of control group and RH group ( P<0.05);RH group was higher than control group (P<0.05).Protein and mRNA expression of GLUT-2, IRS-2 in the CIH group were higher than the control group and RH group ( P<0.05 ); RH group was higher than control group (P<0.05).Conclusions Chronic intermittent hypoxia can increase blood glucose ,upregulate the expres-sion of GLUT-2 , IRS2 in the rat kidney and enhance insulin resistance and decrease insulin sensitivity .

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of EBV lytic genes and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods The blood samples from 44 SLE patients and 43 matched normal controls were tested for BamHⅠ-W, the specific DNA fragment of EBV, by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-Southern analysis. RT-PCR and Southern blotting were used to detect the EBV lytic genes (including immediate early genes BZLF1 and BRLF1, early genes BARF1, late genes BcLF1 and BLLF1) in EBV DNA-positive SLE patients. Results The EBV DNA was positive in 32 SLE patients and 3 controls. There was significant difference between the SLE patients and controls in the EBV DNA expression ( ?2 = 39.18, P 0.05). In the EBV DNA-positive SLE patients, 2 (both with active SLE) were positive for BARF1 mRNA; 14 (11 with active SLE and 3 with inactive SLE) were positive for BcLF1 mRNA; none was positive for BZLF1,BRLF1 or BLLF1 mRNA. No lytic genes were expressed in any of the 3 EBV DNA-positive controls. Conclusion EBV infection may be related to the development of SLE. EBV lytic infection exists in some SLE patients. EBV is at a low level of lytic activity in patients with SLE.

Objective To explore the expression and significance of CD44 gastric cancer stem cell biomarker positive circulating tumor cells (CTC ) in peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer . Methods From March 2010 to December 2012 ,45 patients with gastric cancer and 20 healthy individuals were enrolled .Peripheral blood samples of all the subjects were collected .The expression of CTC and CD44 postive CTC were detected by density gradient centrifugation method and double immunofluorescent staining .Chi‐square test and t‐test were performed for statistical analysis .Results CTC in peripheral blood of healthy controls were not detected .Among 45 patients with gastric cancer ,CTC were detected in 27 patients and 19 of them were CD44‐positive .The difference in positive rate of CTC expression was statistically significant between two groups (χ2 =10 .986 , P<0 .05) .Among 27 CTC‐positive patients , 19 were proximal gastric cancer and 16 of them were CD44‐positive;16 patients had lymph node metastasis and 14 of them were CD44‐positive;13 patients had distant metastasis and 12 of them were CD44‐positive;14 patients had recurrence and 13 of them were CD44‐positive .The CD44 positive CTC was correlated with tumor location ,lymph node metastasis ,distant metastasis and recurrence (χ2=5 .891 ,5 .527 ,5 .787 and 7 .052 ,respectively ,all P<0 .05) .Furthermore ,in 13 patients with recurrence and CD44 positive CTC ,the recurrence time was (10 .54 ± 5 .55) months which was shorter than that of one patients with CD44 negative CTC (19 months) ,and the difference was statistically significant (t= -3 .654 , P=0 .004) .Conclusions CTC which express cancer stem cell marker may be associated with recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer .It has more important clinical significance to detect this subtype of CTC .