AIM To study the influence of indapamide(Ind) on pharmacokinetics of telmisartan(Tel) and observe the difference between male and female rats. METHODS Wistar rats were divided into Tel and Tel+Ind groups, each group containing 8 female and 8 male rats, and were ig administered a single dose of either Tel 3.6 mg·kg-1 or Tel 3.6 mg·kg-1+Ind 0.135 mg·kg-1, respectively. Blood samples were collected at intervals over 96 h after administration. The Tel concentrations in plasma were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector. The Tel concentration-time curves were simulated by 3p97 software and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. RESULTS Whatever in female or male rats, there were no significant differences in the main pharmacokinetic parameters of Tel between Tel and Tel+Ind groups. However, females had higher values for area under the concentration-time curve and maximum plasma concentration than males, but lower values for total clearance in both Tel and Tel+Ind groups. CONCLUSION Ind has no significant influences on the pharmacokinetics of Tel. However, pharmacokinetics of Tel is significant different between male and female rats.

Background Investigating the association of blue light-induced damage of retinal pigmenepithelial (RPE) cellwith intracellulaCa2+ conteniimportanfounderstanding the mechanism of retinal disorders.Objective Thistudy wato establish blue light-induced damage model of human RPE celland explore the relationship between the damage of RPE cell and intracellulaCa2+ content.MethodHuman RPE cellwere cultured and passaged.Cell vitality waassayed by trypan blue staining.Fourth-generation cellwere used in these experiments.The cellwere exposed to blue lighwith an intensity of (2000±500)lx fo3,6,9 o12 hours,and the rate of apoptosiwaassayed by TUNEL to assesthe optimal irradiation time focellcultured.The cellwere then randomized into the withouirradiation group,irradiation only group,nifedipine group,ligh+ nifedipine group,(-) BayK8644 group and ligh+ (-) BayK8644 group.The laseconfocal microscope waused to determine the fluorescence intensity of intracellulafree Ca2+ aan excitation wavelength of 488 nm and an emission wavelength of 505 nm.The cell imagewere analyzed using computesoftware.The differenceof fluorescence intensity among the differengroupwere compared by one-way analysiof variance.ResultTrypan blue staining showed thathe viability of RPE cellwamore than 90％ afteculturing and passaging.No apoptoticell waseen aftelighexposure fo3 hours.However,differennumberof apoptoticellappeared aftelighexposure fo6,9 and 12 hours.The fluorescence intensity of intracellulafree Ca2+ in the nifedipine group wasignificantly lowethan thaof the withouirradiation group othe ligh+ nifedipine group(both aP=0.000).Lasescanning confocal microscopy showed thathe fluorescence intensitieof intracellulafree Ca2+ in the irradiation only group,(-) BayK8644 group,ligh+ (-)BayK8644 group were highethan thaof the withouirradiation group,with statistical significancebetween them(all P=0.000).No significandifferencewere found in the fluorescence intensity of intracellulafree Ca2+ between the ligh+ nifedipine group and withouirradiation group awell abetween the (-)BayK8644 group and the ligh+(-) BayK8644 group(P =0.339,P =0.410).ConclusionThe optical conditionfoblue light-induced RPE cell damage were exposure of blue-ligha(2000± 500) lx fo6 hourand culturing the cellfo24 hours.Blue lighexposure can induce damage of human RPE cellprobably by triggering the increase of intracellulafree Ca2+ concentration.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum immunoglobulin E(IgE)?T cell subgroups and cytokines in asthmatic children and to provide theoretical basis for the management of asthmatic children.Methods T cell subgroups were determined by indirect immuofluorence method mono clone antibody, the detection of IgE,interleukin(IL) 4,IL 6,IL 8,interferon ?(IFN ?) were done by ELISA method, and 20 normal children were served as control group.Results There were significant differences of CD3 +,CD4 +,CD4 +/CD8 + among the stages of exacerbation and convalescence of asthmatic children and control group.( P0.05).In the stage of convalescence the levels of IL 2,IFN ? were lower than control group( P0.05).Conclusions Allergic asthmatic patients between the exacerbation and convalescence stages still had immunologic imbalance,indicating increased number of CD4 +T cell(mainly Th2 cells)and hyperfunction;the insufficient number and(or) the inactivity of CD8 +T cell may induce immunological disturbance ,which is the major mechanism of asthmatic attacks. These findings suggest the patients in an abnormal immunological state should receive continuous anti allergic therapy.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of EUS with miniprobe on upper gastrointestinal tract mesenchymal tumor(GIMT).Methods The EUS features of 38 patients with GIMT who underwent EUS with miniprobe were studied retrospectively,and the results were compared with the postoperative pathological findings.Results Among 38 GIMT cases detected by EUS,there were 25 cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumor,11 cases of leiomyoma,and 2 cases of leiomyosarcoma.Postoperative histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed 28 cases of stromal tumor.In which 6 cases were high-risk GIST,8 cases were leiomyoma,1 case was leiomyosarcoma,and 1 case was neurofibroma.The accuracy of diagnosis with EUS was 89%.Conclusion EUS is an accurate method in diagnosis of submucosal tumors,which can make better differentiation diagnosis between GIMT and other submucosal tumors.

Some unhealthy life habits, such as long-term smoking, heavy drinking, sexual overstrain and frequent stay-up could induce the Yin deficiency symptoms of zygomatic red and dysphoria. Stems of Dendrobii officinalis flos (DOF) showed the efficacy of nourishing Yin. In this study, the hyperthyroidism Yin deficiency model was set up to study the yin nourishing effect and action mechanism of DOF, in order to provide the pharmacological basis for developing DOF resources and decreasing resource wastes. ICR mice were divided into five groups: the normal control group, the model control group, the positive control group and DOF extract groups (6.4 g · kg(-1)). Except for the normal group, the other groups were administrated with thyroxine for 30 d to set up the hyperthyroidism yin deficiency model. At the same time, the other groups were administrated with the corresponding drugs for 30 d. After administration for 4 weeks, the signs (facial temperature, pain domain, heart rate and autonomic activity) in mice were measured, and the facial and ear micro-circulation blood flow were detected by laser Doppler technology. After the last administration, all mice were fasted for 12 hours, blood were collected from their orbits, and serum were separated to detect AST, ALT, TG and TP by the automatic biochemistry analyzer and test T3, T4 and TSH levels by ELISA. (1) Compared with the normal control group, the model control group showed significant increases in facial and ear micro-circulation blood flow, facial temperature and heart rate (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), serum AST, ALT (P < 0.01), T3 level (P < 0.05), TSH level (P < 0.05) and notable deceases in pain domain (P < 0.01), TG level (P < 0.01). (2) Compared with the model control group, extracts from DOF (6 g · kg(-1)) could notably reduce facial and ear micro-circulation blood flow, facial temperature and heart rate (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and AST (P < 0.05) and enhance pain domain (P < 0.01) and TG (P < 0.01). Extracts from DOF (4 g · kg(-1)) could remarkably reduce AST and ALT levels (P < 0.01, 0.05). Extracts from DOF (6 g · kg(-1) 4 g · kg(-1)) could significantly reduce T3 and increase serum TSH level (P < 0.05). DOF could improve Yin deficiency symptoms of zygomatic red and dysphoria in mice as well as liver function injury caused by overactive thyroid axis. According to its action mechanism, DOF may show yin nourishing and hepatic protective effects by impacting thyroxin substance metabolism, improving micro-circulation and reducing heart rate.
Animals ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Phytotherapy ; Thyroxine ; metabolism ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the MR imaging and CT appearances of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver and improve the accuracy of diagnosis in FNH. Methods 6 patients with solitary FNH underwent MR exiamnation. Dynamic Gd-DTPA enhancement were performed in all the lesions. Of the 6 patients, three underwent CT plain and dynamic contrast scan; one underwent CT plain scan. More attention was payed to the atypical appearances. Results Atypical lesion appearances ineludod:apparent hypointensity on T1 WI and hyperintensity on T2WI,diffusly heterogeneous enhancement in arterial phase, pseudocapsule enhancement in delayed phase;the dynamic contrast MR and CT appearance in each phase were not all similar. Conclusion MR and CT especially dynamic contrast enhancemenl is of great value to the diagnosis of FNH. The atypical appearances of FNH shoud keep in mind to avoid misdiagnosis.

Objective:To investigate cytokine(TNF-?,IL-1) effect on apoptosis and express of related protein in thyrocytes and the relationship with pathogenesis in Graves' disease(GD).Methods:To test thyroid tissues from 50 patients with GD Fas expression by immunohistochemical method.Thyroid tissues were collected from samples of GD operation and were cultured by primary culture method.Content of sFas in culture medium was tested by ELISA.Fas/sFas mRNA were tested by RT-PCR.Cytokine inducing apoptosis in Graves' disease showes observation group,normal people showes control group.Results:Compare apoptosis culture rate there is significant difference(P

Aim To construct 3 D structure model of cardiac Cav1.2 channel and check its accuracy and re-liability.Methods Homology model of Cav1.2 chan-nel α1 subunit was constructed using SWISS-MODEL server.The model was submitted to an online testing server built by University of California and scored by it.The binding of Cav1.2 channel with blocker or drug was simulated by MOE software molecular docking pro-gram to check the model′s accuracy and reliability.Re-sults Both the target sequence Cav1.2 α1 C and the template sequence Cav1.1 α1 S searched by SWISS-MODEL server belonged to L-type Ca2+channel.Since the homology was 7 1.5% revealed by sequence align-ment,homology modeling was performed using automa-ted mode.L-type Ca2+ channel blockers Verapamil, Nifedipine and Diltiazem could bind to the 3 D structure model of Cav1.2 channel,while sodium channel bloc-ker TTX could not.Furthermore,active ingredient of traditional Chinese drug Praeruptorin A and Berberine could also bind to the 3D structure model of Cav1.2 channel.Conclusion The 3 D structure model of Cav1.2 channel was constructed successfully,which provides reliable materials for further studies and estab-lishes the foundation for the application of homology modeling in the study of 3 D structure prediction of ion channels.

In this study,we discussed the way of imparting the microbial knowledge and elevating non-biological student's science in public optional course "Microbes and Man" from the teaching practice.During the course,we first chose the material according to students' characteristic,and then introduced several methods like lecturing on subject,visiting factories and making microbial experiments in order to inter-est students in microbiology and get better in teaching effects.