Abstract： Objective　To analyze the changes of cytokine levels in patients with sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment. Methods　The clinical data of 213 pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from August 2019 to October 2020 were collected, and divided into a sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis group and a drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis group, of which 141 were in the sensitive group and 72 in the drug-resistant group , and the pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-17, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and IL-4 in plasma before treatment, 3 months and 6 months after treatment were compared. Results　Compared with the healthy group, the levels of plasma IL-6 in the sensitive group and the resistant group were significantly increased, difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The plasma levels of IFN-γ and IL-17 in the sensitive group were increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the levels of IL-6 and IL-4 in the plasma of the sensitive group after 6 months of treatment were lower than those after 3 months of treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and IFN-γ was significantly decreased (P<0.001). After 6 months of treatment, the IL-10 content was lower than that before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the IFN-γ decreased significantly (P<0.000 1). The levels of IFN-γ at 3 months were higher than those in the resistant group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). After 6 months of treatment, there was no significant difference in the content of IFN-γ between the sensitive group and the resistant group. The effective rate of CT absorption was 70% in the sensitive group and only 43.33% in the resistant group at 3 months of treatment, and there was no significant difference in the effective rate between the two groups after 6 months of treatment. Conclusions　Detection of pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines in plasma can provide reference for host-directed therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis. Understanding this important feature of cytokines on pathogen-host interactions can provide new insights into the study of virulence mechanisms and may provide new approaches for immune intervention in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective To assess the serum CA125 in literatures of ovarian neoplasms based on evidence-based medicine.Methods The relating reports published in the years of 1996—2003 were collected and evaluated according to the evidence-based medicine principles. Main outcomes include design methods,sample screening,establishment of control group,blind method,criteria of diagnostic trials.Results In the reports collected, gold standard was adopted in 62 reports and independent blind method was adopted in 23 reports, criteria of diagnostic trials such as sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratio were incomplete and there was no descriptions okf potential bias controlling. As for the literatures sharing the same method ,their conclusion did not totally accord with each other.Conclusion There is no evidence to implicate that serum CA125 was considered an independent predictor of the diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Child ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy

Objective To compile a questionnaire about tobacco control for the nursing students and to provide evidence of research and evaluation for nursing students' knowledge,attitude,belief and practice related with tobacco control.Methods Based on the conceptual framework of predisposing factors,contributing factors and reinforcing factors of action,develop the questionnaire about tobacco control through literature review and expert consultation.The questionnaire includes 8 dimensions and 24 items in all.Those are the recognition of the harm of smoking,attitudes towards tobacco control,knowledge about laws and regulations of tobacco control and harms of cigarettes,future smoking tendency,future participation intention in social tobacco control,perception of information of tobacco control in media and participation of school tobacco control activities.By cluster sampling method,5 210 nursing students in two medical universities in the main district of Chongqing were investigated.Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested through SPSS 19.0 and Lisrel 8.8 215 students were retested.Results Cronbach's α for the whole questionnaire was 0.720 and for eight dimensions,it ranged from 0.529 to 0.748.Split-half coefficient was 0.806 and for eight dimensions,it ranged from 0.526 to 0.818.Test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.858.Spearman coefficient for each dimension was greater than 0.7.The principal component analysis was used to extract 8 common factors and the accumulative variance contribution rate was 57.209％.The factor loading of all items was 0.43-0.83.NFI,NNFI,CFI and IFI were 0.92,0.91,0.93 and 0.93.The construction of the questionnaire was consistent with the theory.Conclusion The reliability and validity of questionnaire about tobacco control for nursing students were good.It can be used in researches about the nursing students' tobacco control.

Objective This study aims to examine the development of the posterior lateral line of the zebrafish and establish ant model to study the process of hair cell differentiation and regeneration .Methods We observed the posterior lateral line system formation by DAPI immunohistochemistry and whole mount in situ hybridization .We further evaluated hair cells differentiation within neuromast by using Transgenic Tg (Brn3c:mGFP) zebrafish and stained the functional hair cells by the mechanotransduction marker FM 1 -43FX .We labelled proliferating cells in primordium and neuromast by addition of BrdU to the system water .Results The posterior lateral line primordium originated from a sensory placode and started its journey at around 20 hours post fertilization to migrate along the horizontal myoseptum to the tail -tip with a constant speed (1 .7somite/hour) .The primordium depositd five or six neuromasts spaced along the body ,and two or three terminal neuromasts at the tail -tip at 48 hours post fertiliza-tion .At 3 ,5 and 7 days post fertilization ,zebrafish contained 5 .68 ± 1 .46 ,10 .1 ± 0 .99 ,and 12 .45 ± 1 .32 hair cells per neuromast ,respectively .Furthermore ,the average number of FM1-43FX stained hair cells within each neuro-mast were 3 .68 ± 1 .11 ,8 .18 ± 1 .86 ,and 10 .22 ± 1 .24 ,respectively .Conclusion We establish the development model of hair cells in zebrafish lateral line neuromast and suggest that 3 to 7 days post fertilization is an important period for lateral line neuromast differentiation .This study would be useful for underlying the mechanisms of hair cell differentiation and regeneration .

Objective To compare the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) on the intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in the treatment of ocular hypertension (OHT),early and moderate primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods Non-randomized controlled study was conducted in 120 patients (120 eyes),who were divided into 3 groups according to the patients' condition,including OHT group with 40 eyes of 40 patients,early-stage POAG group (40 eyes of 40 patients) and medium-stage POAG group (40 eyes of 40 patients),aged rang from 16 to 79 years.SLT was performed on the 360° trabecular meshwork using 532 nm frequency-double Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (Selecta duet),with the pulse of 3 ns and spot diameter of 400 nm.The initial energy was 0.6 m J,which decreased at 0.1 mJ interval till champagne bubble appeared.The following-up was postoperative 1 day,1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months,respectively,and changes in IOP before and after SLT was recorded and analyzed statistically.Resuits Postoperative IOP at different time points was significantly lower than that of preoperation in the three groups,with significant difference (all P ＜ 0.05).There was also significant difference in IOP of the each group at different time points after the operation (all P ＜ 0.05).The preoperative baseline IOP of OHT group,early-stage POAG group and medium-stage POAG group was (25.95 ± 1.80) nmHg (1 kPa =7.5 mmHg),(24.66 ± 1.55) mmHg and (25.62 ± 2.67) mmHg,respectively,approaching significant difference (P ＜0.05).After eliminating the influence of baseline IOP,intergroup differences of postoperative IOP at each time point in the three groups were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05),and intragroup differences were also significant (all P ＜ 0.05).When compared with corrected baseline IOP,the reduction of IOP was the largest in OHT group after SLT,followed by the early-stage POAG group,and the lowest was in the medium-stage POAG group.Conclusion SLT has a good effect on IOP reduction for OHT and POAG,and the treatment effect of SLT declines successively according to the severity of POAG.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of environment and message information for the treatment efficacy of children with allergic rhinitis (AR). METHOD: To choose 100 cases of children diagnosed with AR. The parents of children record daily symptom scores of AR of children everyday. While the doctors send the short message to the parents by using meteorological environment warning forecast technology to tell the parents the risk of AR attacks. We observe the morbidity of AR of the children and the treatment efficacy of children for 1 year. The 100 cases control group children diagnosed AR, their parents do not record daily symptom scores of AR and the doctors do not give the short message. We also observe the morbidity of AR of the control group children and the treatment efficacy of the children for 1 year. RESULT: The 100 cases intervention group children with AR, there are 11 cases refused to participate the group. We included a total 89 cases, 74 cases of children did a full year of intervention, 15 cases of children gave up. The control group 100 cases, nine cases refused to participate, 91 cases were included. The average episodes in the intervention group was 4. 67 times, the control group was 8. 12 times,--there were significant differences between the groups statistically. The execution rate on the prescribed clinic date in the intervention group visits was 91. 5%, while in the control. group, was only 67%. The compliance of parents of children to complete course of medication in the intervention group was 95. 6%, while the control group was 74.1%. Both sets of data are statistically significant differences. The children with sinusitis in intervention group was 26.97%, significantly lower than the 64.04% in the control group. The incidence in the intervention group and the control group of secretory otitis media was 8.99% and 6.60%, there was no statistically significant differences. CONCLUSION It can significantly increase the degree of attention of parents of children with AR that the parents of children record daily symptom scores of AR of children everyday, while the doctors send the short message to the parents by using meteorological environment warning forecast technology to tell the parents the risk of AR attacks. It can also improve the execution rate on the prescribed clinic date and improve compliance of parents of children to complete course of medication. It can significantly reduce seizure frequency and severity of episodes of AR, thereby improving the quality of life of children with AR, reduce the economic burden on families and society.
Child ; Humans ; Parents ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Sinusitis ; Text Messaging ; Treatment Outcome

Animals ; Carcinogens ; toxicity ; Female ; Lung Neoplasms ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urethane ; toxicity

Objective:To find a feasible method to stimulate tumor-draining lymph node(TDLN) cells in clinic.Methods:CTL activity of TDLN cells induced by different stimulus (IL-2 group, IL-2+autologous tumor antigen group, IL-2+GM-CSF+IL-4+autologous tumor antigen group) was measured by the method of maximal LDH enzyme release. The mechanisms were explored by observation in morphology and detection of the CD83 positive rate of TDLN cells.Results:The level of growth of TDLN cells induced by (IL-2+GM-CSF+IL-4+autologous tumor antigen) was significantly higher than TDLN cells induced by IL-2 and (IL-2+autologous tumor antigen)(P

Objective To investigate the clinical features of invasive bronchial-pulmonary aspergillosis (IBPA) in critically ill patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD).Methods Clinical data of 7 COPD patients complicated with IBPA from respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital during April 2006 and August 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All patients were treated with several kinds of broad-spectrum antibiotics and 6 patients were also treated with large dose of corticosteroids before their admission to RICU.The most frequent clinical manifestations were fever,persistent bronchospasm induced dyspnea and bilateral wheezing which were unresponsive to large doses of corticosteroids and broad-spectrum antibiotics.In 5 patients with both aspergillus tracheobronchitis (ATB) and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA),bronchoscopy showed tracheobronchial inflammation,bronchospasm,phlegm and bronchial pseudomembrane formation.All these 5 patients had a rapid progression from normal to infiltrates or consolidation in chest X-ray,and died of respiratory failure or multiple organ failure.The other 2 cases were diagnosed with ATB and received prophylactic antifungal treatments before infiltrates were shown on their chest X-ray.Both of them survived.Conclusions In COPD patients combined with IBPA,ATB may progress rapidly to IPA which affect lung parenchyma and lead a high mortality.Bronchoscopy and bronchial mucous biopsy may be helpful in early diagnosis and treatment.