Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of four different methods of laparoscopic hysterectomy: laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy(LSH),classic intrafascial supracervical hysterectomy(CISH),laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy(LAVH),and total laparoscopic hysterectomy(TLH). Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 740 cases of laparoscopic hysterectomy in this hospital from January 1999 to December 2004 in respect of operating time,intraoperative blood loss,weight of removed uterus,postoperative recovery,time to normal sexual life,sexual satisfaction,and incidence of complications. Results The operations were accomplished under laparoscope in all the 740 cases.The operating time of LSH,CISH,TLH,and LAVH were 95.3?32.4 min,84.5?31.7 min,105.3?34.5 min,and 169.4?37.4 min,respectively.The time to normal sexual life of LSH,CISH,TLH,and LAVH were 30?5 d,50?9 d,35?7 d,and 54?11 d,respectively.The incidences of complications of LSH,CISH,TLH,and LAVH were 1.7%(2/120),1.3%(4/310),2.8%(7/250),and 1.7%(1/60),respectively. Conclusions Laparoscopic hysterectomy is safe and reliable.Of four methods of laparoscopic hysterectomy,each has its advantages and disadvantages,and method selection should be based on patient's own conditions.

Objective To study the curative effect of prostaglandin E1(PGE1)on maintaining Sa(O2) and life span in the neonates with complete transposition of the large arteries(TGA).Methods Eleven of 19 neonates complete TGA received continuous PGE1 with the dosage of 5-20 ng/(kg?min),while the other 8 cases were set as control.The body temperature,Sa(O2),heart rate and blood pressure of both groups were recorded during the trial.Results The average Sa(O2) in trial group was (82.3?3.56)%,which had significant difference compared with the control group(t=8.232 P=0.001).The life span in trial group was much longer than control group.The body temperature,heart rate and blood pressure of trial group had no significant fluctuations.Conclusion PGE1 has an compkete effect on maintaining the ope-ning of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in TGA patients,which can improve the Sa(O2) and prolong the life span.

Objective To investigate the critical thinking ability of medical students and its related factors in order to provide evidence for higher medical education reform. Methods A total of 325 medical students were selected by cluster sampling method, and Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV) was adopted for survery. Results The average total score of critical thinking ability of medical students was above 280, and 51.08% of students showed positive critical thinking ability. Among all the seven critical thinking dispositions, average scores of each item were all positive (>40) except that the significance of truth seeking (37.23) and systematicity (39.05) were indefinite. There were significant differences in critical thinking ability between medical students with different gender and academic years (P<0.05). Conclusion The critical thinking ability of medical students is positive, however, there still exist some shortages. An equal relationship between teachers and students should be established, the traditional course system be continuously reformed, a good environment for clinical training be created, and a variety of teaching methods be implemented to further strengthen the critical thinking ability of medical students.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of RAS association domain family 1A gene (RASSF1A) methylation in patients after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) hepatectomy.Methods A total of 260 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy were enrolled.HCC tissues and tumor adjacent tissues which were 2 cm away from the tumor edge of the patients were obtained.The clinicopathological data of patients were collected.The methylation of RASSF1A in HCC tissues and corresponding tumor adjacent tissues was determined by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The correlation between the expression rate of RASSF1A methylation and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed by chi-square test.Log-rank test was performed to analyze the relation between RASSF1A methylation and overall survival rate.Univariate and multivariate Cox statistical techniques were used to identify the influence factors in the prognosis of HCC.Results Among 260 HCC tissues and corresponding tumor adjacent tissues,RASSF1A promoter hypermethylation was detected in 214 HCC tissues (82.3 ％) and 101 corresponding tumor adjacent tissues (38.8％),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =102.824,P ＜ 0.01).There was no correlation between RASSF1A methylation and age,gender,liver cirrhosis,α-fetoprotein level,maximum diameter of tumor,Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage,hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection,smoking and alcohol drinking (all P＞0.05).The 5-year overall survival rate of patients with negative RASSF1A methylation was 93％,while that of patients with positive RASSF1A methylation was 51 ％,and the difference in overall survival rate between the two groups was statistically significant (x2 =26.556,P ＜ 0.01).Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that liver cirrhosis,BCLC stage and RASSF1A methylation were the main influence factors in the death of patients with HCC after surgery (Wald=16.767,8.791,16.286; all P＜0.01).Conclusion RASSF1A methylation is not only one of the predictive factors of survival rate in patients with HCC after hepatectomy,but also an independent prognostic factor of HCC.

Objective To investigate the mental health and the affecting factors on children cochlear implants and to provide the reference of comprehensive rehabilitation for them.Methods We used the Psychological Ques-tionnaire for 3~6 Years Children to evaluate the mental health status of 1 6 6 children of 3~4 years old with cochlear implants,and compare those with the standard values of children with normal hearing.We studied the affecting fac-tors on their psychological development.Results The pass rates in action,emotion and will,cognitive ability,sociali-ty,living habits and speech ability of children with cochlear implants decreased as their age increased.The scores of action,emotion and will,cognitive ability,sociality,living habits and speech ability of children with cochlear im-plants increased as the use time increased.The affecting factors on the psychological development of children with cochlear implants were the time length of usage and their residences before operation.Conclusion There were differ-ences between the children with cochlear implants and normal hearing in psychological development.We should fo-cus on their development of hearing and speech ability,and the psychological development.

This study aimed to explore Semaphrin4D (Sema4D) expression and clinical significance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to define the roles and mechanisms of Sema4D in regulating the malignant behaviors of A549 cells by small interfering RNA (siRNA). Firstly, immunohistochemistry revealed that Sema4D was more frequently expressed in NSCLC than in lung benign lesion (P<0.05) and its overexprssion was associated with low differentiation (P<0.05), poor pTNM staging (P<0.05) and occurrence of lymph node (LN) metastasis (P<0.05). Endogenous Sema4D expression was suppressed by Sema4D siRNA in A549 cells overexpressing Sema4D. Protein levels of Sema4D, total Akt and p-Akt were examined by Western blotting. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities were measured by MTT assay and Transwell assay respectively. Results showed that Sema4D siRNA significantly suppressed phosphorylation of AKT in A549 cells, but it did not alter total AKT expression. In addition, efficient down-regulation of SemaD significantly inhibit cell proliferation (P<0.05), migration (P<0.05) and invasion (P<0.05) in A549 cells. These findings suggest that Sema4D might serve as a reliable tool for early prediction of NSCLC poor prognosis. Sema4D could play an important role in promoting tumor proliferation, migration and metastasis in the NSCLC, by influencing the Akt protein phosphorylation. Inhibition of Sema4D may be a useful approach for the treatment of NSCLC.

In this study, we explored the feasibility of biotin-mediated modified polymeric micelles for pancreatic cancer targeted photodynamic therapy. Poly (ethylene glycol)-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (mPEG2000-DSPE) served as the drug-loaded material, biotin-poly(ethylene glycol)-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (Biotin-PEG3400-DSPE) as the functional material and the polymeric micelles were prepared by a thin-film hydration method. The targeting capability of micelles was investigated by cell uptake assay in vitro and fluorescence imaging in vivo and the amounts of Biotin-PEG-DSPE were optimized accordingly. Hypocrellin B (HB), a novel photosensitizer was then encapsulated in biotinylated polymeric micelles and the anti-tumor efficacy was evaluated systemically in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that micelles with 5 mol % Biotin-PEG-DSPE demonstrated the best targeting capability than those with 20 mol % or 0.5 mol % of corresponding materials. This formulation has a small particle size [mean diameter of (36.74 ± 2.16) nm] with a homogeneous distribution and high encapsulation efficiency (80.06 ± 0.19) %. The following pharmacodynamics assays showed that the biotinylated micelles significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of HB against tumor cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo, suggesting a promising potential of this formulation for treatment of pancreatic cancer, especially those poorly permeable, or insensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; Biotin ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Humans ; Micelles ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Photochemotherapy

AIMTo observe the effect for the model of PD and the transplantation of NSCs after injection of TSPG into mouse in advance.

METHODSFirstly, we divided the mouse into 5 groups. For the group of 1-4, we established the model of PD with MPTP. For the group of 5, before the establishment of the model, we injected TSPG into mouse in advance for prevention. And then, we evaluated the effect by paralysis agitans score standard and praxiology marker. Secondly, we obtained the NSCs from the 7-12 week embryo cerebral cortex. Then we transplanted NSCs which pretreated by TSPG into the striatum of the 5 groups. After 60 days, we obtained the brain section, and detected the TH by ICC to analyse the differentiation status of NSCs.

RESULTSThe prevention of TSPG could decrease the neural cells damage by MPTP, and could protect the nervous system. After we transplanted NSCs into the striatum of Parkinson' s disease mouse, we found that for the group of 5, the paralysis agitans, auto-activity and memory function had the most distinct amelioration. And the number of dopaminergic neurons increased most transparently in brain section, and the neurons contact was the most enriched with the adjacent nervous cells.

CONCLUSIONTSPG can decrease the neural cells damage and can produce a marked effect in treatment of PD by transplanting NSCs invivo.

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ; Animals ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neural Stem Cells ; transplantation ; Panax ; chemistry ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary ; chemically induced ; therapy ; Random Allocation ; Saponins ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use

Objective To evaluate the influence of atopy on exhaled nitric oxide in chronic persistent asthmatic children. Methods A total of 52 chronic persistent asthmatic children who completed FeNO measurements and skin prick testing were enrolled. Patients were divided into non-atopic group and atopic group by skin prick testing results, and subdivided into non-allergic rhinitis and rhinitis group according to whether combined with allergic rhinitis. At the same time 78 healthy children were chosen as control group. Moreover, 32 chronic persistent asthmatic children who completed FeNO measurements twice interval of three months were enrolled. Results The FeNO level was signiifcantly different among the atopic group (n=40), the non-atopic group (n=12) and the control group (H=33.29, P=0.000);The FeNO level was signiifcantly higher in the atopic group than that in the non-atopic group (P<0.05). And the FeNO level were signiifcantly different among the rhinitis group (n=41), the non-rhinitis group (n=11) and the control group (H=30.63, P=0.000). The FeNO level was signiifcantly higher in the rhinitis group than that in the control group (P<0.05), however there were no difference between the rhinitis group and the non-rhinitis group(P>0.05).There were no correlations between FeNO levels of chronic persistent asthmatic children and the wheal diameter of house dust mites or dust mites (r=2.05, P=0.135;r=1.58, P=0.312). Moreover, the FeNO level was signiifcantly lower after 3 months ICS treatment (z=-2.05, P=0.041). Conclusions Atopy had major inlfuence on the FeNO level of chronic persistent asthmatic children, and the FeNO level declined with the theatment of ICS.

Monascus spp.,a kind of filamentous fungi,produce abundant of important metabolites which were widely used in the fields of food and medicine.Until now,there are few reports on the important functional genes of the Monascus spp.due to little genetic information.In this paper,the feasibility of gene deletion mediated via Agrobacterium tumefaciens on the basis of homologous recombination was analyzed by studying on the deletion of the RGS domain of putative G-protein signaling regulator gene mrfA in Monascus ruber.The length of homologous arms of deletion vector pC805S were 958 bp and 824 bp,respectively.There were 26 transformants in which homologous recombination occurred in 138 transformants and the recombination rate was 18.8%.The result showed it was feasible to identify the function of unknown gene in M.ruber with the targeted-deletion technology mediated via A.tumefaciens.