Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) ithe leading cause of vision disordecaused by variouretinal diseases.Apresent,many therapeutimethodare employed clinically,such aphotodynamitherapy (PDT),anti-vasculaendothelial growth facto(anti-VEGF) and transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT).However,none of them can cure CNV thoroughly and repeated treatmenirequired usually.The reason forecurrenCNV istill unclear.Choroidal hypoperfusion associated with Pdmay be one of the reasons.The purpose of thireview ito discusthe problem of choroidal hypoperfusion associated with PDfoCNV awell aitimpacon the eye and possible solutions.Thipapepresentevidenceof choroidal hypoperfusion aftePDand itrelationship with clinical outcomes.Meanwhile,the effecof combination therapy iassessed.Finally,low-fluence Pdirecommended apotential method to reduce choroidal hypoperfusion.

Objective To investigate the changes in Toll-like re ceptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differential protein-2 (MD-2) gene expression in t he liver of septic rats, and to elucidate the relationship between the expressio n of TLR4/MD-2 mRNA and TNF? mRNA. Methods Sepsis model was reproduced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (5mg/kg). 80 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control and 1h, 2h, 6h after LPS in jection (20 rats for each group). Rats were sacrificed at different time points, and the expression of TLR4/MD-2 mRNA and TNF-? mRNA in the liver was measure d by RT-PCR. Results The expressions of TLR4/MD-2 mRNA and TN F-? mRNA were up-regulated, peaking 1h after LPS injection, and then declined gradually 2~6h after LPS challenge. The expressions at every time point were hi gher than that in control group (P

Objective To explore the surgical indication, the operative procedure and effect of breast-conserving surgery plus combined treatment for the patients with early breast cancer. Methods 51 patients with early breast cancer were treated with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) plus radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonotherapy postoperatively. The result of breast-conserving group was compared with 56 patients treated by modified radical mastectomy (control group). Results 25 patients underwent quadrant resection plus axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), 15 patients were subjected to local resection plus ALND, and 11 patients received quadrant resection only. All patients were followed-up for an average of 16.9 months. In BCS group, one patient was found to have local recurrence, and the distant metastasis rate was 0%. In the control group, no patient had local recurrence and the distant metastasis rate was 3.6%. The operative complication rate in BCS group and control group was 13.7% and 33.9% respectively (p﹤0.05). Conclusion Breast-conserving surgery plus combined treatment is safe and satisfactory for early breast cancer. It can be considered as the first choice for the treatment of patients with breast cancer in early stage.

Objective To investigate the effects of endotoxin on the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in myocardium, and to explore the molecular mechanism of acute myocardial injury. Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=10), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1h, 2h, 6h groups (n=10 for each group). In the latter two groups, LPS was injected into the peritoneal cavity. Tissue samples from the myocardium were collected to determine NF-?B activation by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and the mRNA expression of TNF-? was measured by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with GAPDH as internal standard. Results The activation of NF-?B (2.173?0.063) and TNF-? mRNA expression (0.292?0.031) could be detected in myocardium in very low values in normal control group rats, while both the activation and expression were up-regulated markedly after LPS challenge, and peaked 2 hours afterwards (37.793?4.785 and 1.182?0.146, respectively). They were down-regulated (17.910?3.791 and 0.901?0.128, respectively) 6 hours after LPS challenge. Compared to normal controls, both NF-?B activity and TNF-? mRNA expression were significantly elevated at various time points following LPS stimulation (all P

Objective To explore the clinical and pathological characteristics and surgical treatment of primary retroperitoneal neurogenic tumor(PRNT). Methods 93 cases of PRNT were confirmed by operation and pathology from 1990 to 2003, and their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Results Primary neurogenic tumor accounted for 93 of 452 patients with primary retroperitoneal tumor in the same period. They included 24 cases of neurilemoma(25.8%), 19 cases of malignant neurilemoma(20.4%), 14 cases of chemodectoma(15.1%), 16 cases of neurofibroma(17.2%), and 20 cases of other rare tumors (21.5%) . The diagnostic rate of CT and MRI was 65.6% and 73.9%, respectively. In all but two patients the tumors were resectable. The resectability rate was 97.9%(91/93). The 3-year and 5-year survival rate in patients with benign and malignant tumors were 95.9%,80.1% and 42.4%,10.5%, respectively. There were 8 cases(13.1%) and 14 cases(43.8%) with recurrence after operation in benign and malignant tumors respectively. Conclusions CT and MRI are helpful in diagnosis. Surgical resection is the first choice of treatment. Prognosis in benign tumor is good, but postoperative recurrence of malignant tumor is frequent.

Objective:To examine the content changes of neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, 1, 5- dicaffeoylquinic acid and total phenolic acids in the water extract from raw and fried Xanthii Fructus. Methods:The stir-frying method was used to process fried Xanthii Fructus from different habitats. The contents of neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid in the wa-ter extract were determined by HPLC, the total phenolic acids content was determined by UV. Results:The contents of neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and total phenolic acids in the water extract from fried Xanthii Fructus were all in-creased. Conclusion:Fried Xanthii Fructus can increase the contents of effective ingredients in the decoction resulting in the enhanc-ment of clinical curative effect.

Objective:To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of fluoxertine and olanzapine in capsules by re-versed-phase high performance liquid chromatography ( RP-HPLC) . Methods:The successful separation of fluoxertine and olanzapine was achieved on a Phenomenex C18 column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) with 10 mmol·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 4. 0)-acetonitrile-methanol (55 ∶40 ∶5, v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1, the detection wave-length was 227 nm, the column temperature was 30℃, and the injection volume was 20 μl. Results:Fluoxertine could be well separa-ted from olanzapine under the chromatographic conditions. The linearity between the peak areas and the concentrations was observed within the range of 5. 0-80. 0 mg·L-1(r=0. 999 9) for fluoxertine and 1. 2-19. 2 mg·L-1(r=0. 999 9) for olanzapine. The mean recovery of fluoxertine and olanzapine was 99. 9%(RSD=0. 94%, n=9) and 100. 2%(RSD=2. 08%, n=9), respectively. Con-clusion:The method is simple, sensitive and accurate, and it can be applied in the content determination of fluoxertine and olanzapine in capsules.

Objective:To compare the similarity of dissolution curves of domestic ibuprofen suspension and the imported prepara-tion to provide the basis for the comprehensive quality evaluation of ibuprofen suspension. Methods: The in vitro dissolution of the products from four different manufacturers was investigated in pH 7. 2 phosphate buffer solution. The similarity of dissolution behavior was compared with that of the imported preparation in pH 1. 2 hydrochloric acid solution, pH 4. 5 acetate buffer solution, pH 6. 8 phos-phate buffer solution, pH 7. 2 phosphate buffer solution and water, respectively. Results:The dissolution rate of ibuprofen suspension from the four different manufacturers reached above 80% in 60 min. The dissolution profiles of ibuprofen suspension from two different manufacturers were similar with that of the imported preparation. Conclusion: The dissolution behavior of ibuprofen suspension from different manufacturers is significantly different.

The effect of reaction media cosolvent water activity, temperature and pH on Novozym 435-caulyzed enantioselective esterification of ketoprofen was systematically explored. Novozym 435 showed high catalytic activity and enantioselectivity in cyclohexane; E value increases markedly by addition of toluene to cyclohexane; the optimum temperature and the initial water activity were found to be 30℃ and 0.09 respectively; pH shows little effect on enzymatic reaction wilson the scope studied.

Objective To explore the surgical manipulation of inferior vena cava(IVC) invaded by retroperitoneal tumors(RPT) in order to raise the resection rate and improve the operative safety. Methods The clinical data of 41 cases undergoing resection of retroperitoneal tumor along with the reconstruction of IVC in our hospital from January 1990 to April 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsAll the patients were cured by operation. Management of IVC included partial excision and repairement(17 cases), partial IVC resection and right kidney excision(11 cases), partial excision and ligation(10 cases), partial excision and artificial vascular grafting(3 cases). ConclusionBUS, CT, MRI and selective angiography were essential for diagnosis and helpful for treatment. It is not an operative contraindication for RPT cases in which IVC was invaded. Resection and reconstruction of IVC is safe, effective and practical to raise the excision rate and decrease the recurrence rate.