Objective　To explore the mechanism of effects o f endotoxin (LPS) on apoptosis of pancreatic islet cells in rat.Metho ds　After the model of endotoxemia was established in rat with intrap eritoneal injection of LPS (2mg/kg),the changes of nitric oxide (NO) level in se rum and pancreas were dynamically determined.The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was also observed by situ hybridization in the islet,Moreo ver,DNA damage in islet cells by the external donor of NO (sodium nitroprussid e) and LPS in vitro with single cell gel electrophoresis and agarose gel electro phresis of DNA were also evaluated.Results　NO level in se rum was significantly increased at the 6th,and persisted to the 3rd day after in jection of LPS,the NO in pancreas was also elevated,but recovered to the normal at 24h. The expression of iNOS in pancreatic islet also began to enhance at the 6th and significantly enhanced at the 12th after endotoxemia.In vitro experiment sho wed that exogenous NO markedly caused the damage of DNA in islet cells,but LPS d i d not exert the same effects.Conclusion　The mechanism of the effcts of endotoxin on apoptosis of islet cells might stimulate the expressi on of iNOS in inflammatory or non-inflammatory cells that generates the NO indu cing the DNA damage of islet cells.

Objective To study current situation of creativity among medical students and its influential factors, and to explore structural equation model about influential factors of creativity. Methods The sample was randomly chosen by using cluster-based sampling method, 413 students in medical university were tested by Williams creativity scale and the influential factors of creativity questionnaire. Results Among the medical student's creativity characters, the most extrusive character was challenge(2.35±0.26), the more important were curiosity(2.29±0.28) and risk-taking(2.21±0.27), and imagination(2.04±0.33) was less important. The structural equation model of influential factors of creativity implied that mental health was the most important factor about improving medical student creativity and by changing study style could promote creativity of medical students. Conclusion By establishing structural equation model, we not only study the influential factors of creativity in realistic view, but also master important extent of each influential factors theoretically.

Objective To investigate the effects of Zafirlukast on emotions and Th1/Th2 cytokines in asthmatic children.Methods One hundred and eight asthmatic children were randomly allocated to 3 groups.The children in group A inhaled Pulmicort aerosol 200 ?g twice every day.On the basis of inhaled Pulmicort aerosol,the children in group B took orally Zafirlukast orally 10 mg once every day.The children in group C only took orally Zafirlukast 10 mg once every day.The course of treatment of all children were 4 weeks.Anxiety,depression status and the levels of IFN-? and IL-4 in blood serum were respectively detected before and after treatment.Results Scores of anxiety and depression after treatment in 3 groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(Pa0.05).Conclusions Zafirlukast or Glucocorticoid inhalation has the same effect on improving emotional status and accommodating disequilibrium of Th1/Th2 for asthmatic children,but effect of Zafirlukast combined with Glucocorticoid inhalation are better.

This paper analyzed the importance and urgency of clinical research of HIV/AIDS and discussed the
present research situation and bottleneck of HIV/AIDS clinical research . The application and advantages of Chinese medicine in the clinical research of HIV/AIDS had been listed . And it summarized the Chinese medicine research results on HIV/AIDS management . It also suggested the outlook of Chinese medicine in the HIV/AIDS clinical research .

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Voriconazole on invasive fungal infections in very elderly patients.Methods Clinical data of 24 very elderly patients with invasive fungal infections who had sought treatment at the Department of Geriatrics of our hospital from April 2013 to April 2014 were retrospectively investigated.The classifications and quantities of fungi,accompanying symptoms,adverse reactions,blood tests,and liver and kidney function indicators were recorded and analyzed before and after treatment.Results Each of the 24 cases was found to have been infected with one or more of 17 fungal strains belonging to the genus of Candida.The rate of complete fungal elimination after treatment was 70％ (12/17).Of the 24 cases,5 achieved a full recovery(20.8 ％),10 (41.7 ％) had significant improvement,5 (20.8 ％) had some improvement,and 4 cases(16.7％)showed no therapeutic benefits,with a total effectiveness rate of 62.5 ％.There was no significant difference in liver and kidney function before and after treatment(P＞0.05).A transient increase in serum creatinine occurred in 1 case and defective vision in another patient during Voriconazole treatment.Conclusions The incidence of invasive fungal infections is high in very elderly patients,with Candida as the main pathogen.Voriconazole is effective in treating invasive fungal infections in very elderly patients,and close monitoring of liver and kidney function is required during voriconazole treatment.

Allergic rhinitis is a common disease, which was released by the IgE-mediated atopic individuals exposed to allergens in the earlier researches. However, there are variety of immunocompetent cells and cytokines involved in the nasal mucosa immunologic mechanism in nowadays researches. The mechanism of AR is caused by the imbalance of the Th1/Th2, a kind of allergic inflammation who is characterized by the nasal Th2 immune response dominant. Th1 cells mainly produce of IFN-gamma (does not include IL-4 and IL-5), Th2 cells produce IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13 (not including IFN-gamma). Recently it was found that regulatory T cells (T regulatory cells, Treg) and Th17 cell research played a crucial role in the occurrence of allergic inflammation.
Cytokines ; immunology ; Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; immunology ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnosis and trea tment of ankle impin gement syndrome (AIS). MethodsThirty-six cases of AIS encoun tered between March 1995 and May 2001 entered the study. Hereinto, open removals of involved soft tissue were performed in 14 cases after MRI examinations, and arthroscopic exam inations and removals were accomplished in 22 cases. Results Follow-up for 6 mo nths～7 years (mean, 22 months) in all the 36 cases revealed “excellent” outco mes in 9 cases, “good” in 19 cases, “fair” in 7 cases, and “poor” in 1 cas e, showing “good” or “excellent” results in 77 8% of the patients (28/36). ConclusionsArthroscopic examination and operation for AIS is effective.

Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprints of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi.Methods HPLC-ELSD analysis was carried out with Lichrospher C18 column(4.6 mm ? 250 mm,5 ?m).The detector was Alltech ELSD 2000.The method was developed by gradient elution with methanol and water as the mobile phase.With oleanolic acid as the marker,sixteen batches of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi were analyzed with computer-aided similarity evaluation system.Results HPLC fingerprints of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi showed 14 characteristic peaks and the similarity of the fingerprints of 10 batches of samples was over 0.90,indicating the fingerprints being stable and repeatable.Conclusion The method is simple,accurate and with a good reproducibility,and can be used for the identification and quality control of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of emergency early mechanical ventilation and bron -choalveolar lavage and drug intervention to severe asthma .Methods 140 cases with severe asthma were selected ,the patients were divided into the study group and the control group according to a random number table ,70 cases in each group,the control group were received early mechanical ventilation ,the study group were given bronchoalveolar lavage and interventional therapy on the basis of the control group ,clinical efficacy ,alveolar function ,her condition improved and hospital stay of the two groups were compared .Results The total efficiency of the study group were 92.9%(65/70) significantly higher than 81.4%(57/70) in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =12.382,P<0.05);Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC of the study group were significantly better than that of the the control group ,the difference was statistically significant ( t=9.098,10.382,11.204,all P<0.05);Condition improved and hospital stay of the study group were significantly shorter than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t=9.898,12.393,all P<0.05). Conclusion Emergency early mechanical ventilation and bronchoalveolar lavage and drug intervention to severe asthma had better clinical efficacy ,which can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of the patient .

Objective To establish the measurement for evaluating the efficiency of isolating and harvesting marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and observe the main biological characteristic of MSCs in vitro during the passage cultivation. Methods ①The marrow nucleated cells in young rabbit marrow were isolated by the gradient centrifugation and cultivated to isolate and harvest MSCs. The efficiency of isolating and harvesting MSCs was measured by the number of the first passage MSCs from every 10~(6) of the marrow nucleated cells. ②The changes of MSCs morphology, growth and proliferation, synthesis of collagen typeⅠand activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were observed during the passage cultivation. Results ① After cultivated at 2.5?10~(5)/cm~(2) marrow nucleated cells for 9-10 d, the first passage MSCs were harvested. The number of the first passage MSCs had a remarkable statistical positive correlation with the number of the marrow nucleated cells from one rabbit(r=0.932, P