Using the information metrology's correlation theories and literature measurement method, this article makes statistics of the PBL related research papers in our country's medical education published in 1979-2010 and analyzes this domain's distribution of time, article quantity, authors'units and key word term frequency. We propose that PBL research should be further standardized in the concept aspect and the research technique as well as the discipline involved should be further multiplied in our country.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of CEA mRNA expression in gallbladder bile for early diagnosis of liver metastasis from primary colorectal cancer. Methods [WT5”BZ] A CEA specific nest RT PCR assay was used to detect CEA mRNA expression in the gallbladder bile of 46 patients with colorectal cancer. Results The positive rate of CEA mRNA in gallbladder bile was 74%. The rate was directly proportional to that of live metastasis. Liver metastasis developed in 33% of patients with positive CEA mRNA expression. Conclusions The positive expression of CEA mRNA in gallbladder bile is a proof of prospective liver metastasis.

0.05).The responsiveness of detrusor muscle cells in elderly group to isoprenaline,BRL37344 and forskolin was significantly lower than that in control group ( P 0.05 ).The Bmax of ?-adrenoceptor was 26.9 fmol/mg and 32.4 fmol/mg in elderly and control groups,respectively,with significant difference between the 2 groups (P0.05). Conclusions There is an age-related decline in ?-adrenergic responsiveness,which might be one of the causative factors of the reduced bladder compliance of the elderly.The decrease of cAMP level caused by reduced receptor density and adenylyl cyclase activity might be the molecular mechanisms underlying the changes of ?-adrenergic responsiveness.

The radiated diagnostics family has already developed into and included such traditional or hightech - new modern medical images of checking the technological project such as X - ray, CR , DR , CT , IVR, DSA , MRI , US , ECT , PET ,etc. In the face of radiating and learning to examine practice of examining modernly, how to choose to check the project? Examining and examining the ray in the course to protect, patients'agreement to let his/her body be known, the patients private secrets profection and excessive inspection, medical result than wait for a series of is it diagnose with technology studying radiation ethics problem of category appear in front of radiating workers and hospital administrator to radiate to surmount price, we carry on analysis and discussion on this, which let modern radiate ethics and radiate technology , radiate and diagnose that merges to make every effort, which radiate worker pay attention to ethics of radiating to let. We think , medicine of dept. of radiology , the technician , while safeguarding and using modernized medical technical equipment, should create and maintain harmonious relationship between doctors and patients for mutual trust or even more, while treating " patients softhneartedly using the modernized " hard equipment " , make sure patients consume lowest really , minimum agony , fewest loss, shortest time while get most practical radiation result a diagnosis.

Objective To study the job demand of vocational medical laboratory technology in Jiangsu Province ,and as a basis to build curriculum system of vocational medical laboratory technology .Methods We surveyed 128 medical laboratory related institu‐tions in Jiangsu Province ,the survey included the demand for talent ,changing needs of reasons ,demand for vocational talent and job skill requirements ,data of the survey results were collected and analyzed .Results Demand for vocational talents for tertiary hospi‐tals were small ,while the primary health care institutions and relevant private medical institutions and companies were exuberant . The main jobs were clinical testing technology direction and pathological examination technical direction .In addition ,blood transfu‐sion and transfusion technology direction ,testing reagents and equipment marketing direction and technical for andrology laboratory direction also were needed .Conclusion According to the survey results ,we determine educational objectives ,basic requirement and specialty orientation of vocational medical examination major ,and propose clinical laboratory specializing in the basic platform+specialty orientation modulefor the curriculum system of vocational medical examination major .

Objective:To analyze the influence factors of postoperative pregnancy in patients of endometriosis associated infertility after laparoscopy combined with hysteroscopy treatment.Methods:340 patients with endometriosis associated infertility who underwent laparoscopy combined with hysteroscopy treatment in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Xiamen from April in 2012 to April in 2014 were followed up for 18 ～ 42 months to assess fertility outcomes.The relative factors of postoperative pregnancy rate were analyzed.Results:85.88％ (292/340) of patients were followed up,and the overall postoperative pregnancy rate was 56.51％.Among which the postoperative pregnancy caseswere 115 cases (39.38％),40 cases (13.70％),8 cases (2.74％),2 cases (0.68％) in the 1 ～ 6 months,7 ～ 12 months,13 ～ 24 months,25 ～ 42 months,respectively.There were significant differences among the four groups(x 2 =11.76,P ＜ 0.05).The multy-factors analysis showed that age ≥35,infertility time ≥3,r-AFS stage relatively high were risk factors of postoperative pregnancy(OR =10.45,3.03,3.74,P ＜0.05),and secondary infertility,applying ovarian stimulation treatment were the protective factors of postoperative pregnancy(OR =0.23,0.33,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions:Laparoscopy combined with hysteroscopy treatment can increase postoperative pregnancy rate,and the best time to pregnancy is the first one year after treatment.The age ≥35,infertility time≥3,r-AFS stage relatively high are the important causes for the postoperative infertility,while applying ovarian stimulation treatment can promote pregnancy rate.

[Objective]To evaluate the efficacy of topical use of 1 g/L tacrolimus eye drops in the treatment of ocular alkali burns.[Methods]A prospective study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 1 g/L tacrolimus eye drops in the treatment of 12 patients with ocular alkali burns admittedin Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University between May 23,2016 and Jan-uary 18,2017. The patients were treated for 1 ~ 18 weeks,with an average of 8.91 ± 5.56 weeks.The degree of ocular alkali burns was evaluated according to Roper-Hall classification system. In this group of patients,there were 2 cases of gradeⅡburns,5 cases of gradeⅢburns and 5 cases of gradeⅣburns. Each patient was given 1 g/L tacrolimus eye drops 2 times a day after admission. The slit lamp microscope and corneal fluorescein sodium staining examination were performed before and 1th week,2nd week,3rd week, 4th week,6th week,8th week respectively after performing topical tacrolimus treatment. Photos were taken to keep records to dynami-cally observe the epithelial repair and anterior segment lesions. Adobe Photoshop CS6 image processing software was used to calculate the area of corneal epithelium repair. The therapeutic effect was evaluated according to the corneal epithelial repair ,visual acuity and complications. The statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS 19.0 software.[Results]4 cases reached good prognosis ,including 2 cases of gradeⅡ and 2 cases of gradeⅢ burns,the corneal epithelium healed and the visual acuity was greater than 0.3. 5 cases had guarded prognosis,including 3 cases of gradeⅢand 2 cases of gradeⅣburns,corneal epithelium healed in 2 cases,corneal epi-thelial repair rate was greater than 50%in 3 cases,in which corneal neovascularization or corneal conjunctiva occurred,and the visu-al acuity was less than 0.3. 3 cases of gradeⅣ burns had poor prognosis:1 had corneal perforation,1 had long term corneal ulcer, and 1 had secondary glaucoma. In 12 cases,the corneal epithelial healing rate reached 99% in 50% patients,and the healing rate was greater than 50%in 75%patients. The visual acuity of 33.3%patients increased by more than three lines,and 66.6%cases had complications. The main factors affecting the prognosis are:The degree of corneal and corneal limbal burns,complication and corneal epithelial repair rate.[Conclusion]1 g/L tacrolimus eye drops can reduce the inflammatory reaction of ocular alkali burns ,reduce the incidence of glaucoma,promote corneal ulcer healing and corneal epithelial repair,and reduce complications caused by corneal lim-bal burns.

ve To compare the advantage and disadvantages of spectrophotometry assay, microwave di-gestion and standard circumfluence method for determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in various water samples. Methods The levels of COD of the water samples were determined by spectro-photometry, microwave di-gestion and standard circumfluence method respectively. Results The relative standard variations were 4.3% ~ 9.59% for spectrophotometry, 3.58% ~5.61% for microwave digestion method and 4.03% ~ 4.27% for standard circumfluence method. The recovery rates of adding standard material were 90% -95% , 90% ~96% and 90% ~98% respectively. Conclusion The microwave digestion method showed easy, rapid and accurate. It presented good practical prospect in monitoring environmental samples.

The TSR1(thermosensitive rescued)gene associated with the secretion of proteins of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica was site-directed mutagenesis,restricted and spliced to obtain a series of deletion mutants.These mutants would be useful for studing the function of different domains of TSR1 gene in yeast Yarrowia lipolytica

Objective To observe the efficacy of pulsed dual-wavelength 595 and 1064 nm laser in treating ulcerated infantile hemangioma.Methods Lesions from 40 patients were treated with the laser.The distribution of lesion sites was in buttuck and perianal area (13 patients),vulvar lips (7),groin and inside thigh (5),scrotum (4),neck (3),scalp (2),lip (2),trunk and limbs (4).All lesions including ulcer and non-ulcer were conducted with 595 nm plused dye leaser at the first therapy.Later,595 nm pulsed dye leaser was continued or performed with Group 1 or Group 2 parameter of 595 and 1064 nm multiplex mode until the treatment was finished according to the thickness of the lesion.The frequency of treatment was one to six times.The interval of the treatment was four weeks.Results The ulcer from 39 lesions healed gradually in 1 to 2 weeks (average 9.5 days) after the first treatment.These ulcer lesions were healed four weeks after the first time of therapy.The recovery rate of ulcerated lesion was 97.5 ％.For the whole lesion,after 1 to 6 treatments,13 lesions showed excellent result,19 lesions showed good result,and the effective rate was 80 ％.Pain relieved 2 to 7days (average 3.5 days) after the first laser therapy in 35 patients who accompanied with pain.Pain score decreased from 1.875 to 0.125 before and after treatment,with significant difference(P＜0.05).The tolerance of the treatment was good and no side effect was observed.Conclusions 595and 1064 nm dual-wavelength laser is a safe and effective tool for treating ulcerated infantile hemangioma.