Aim To observe the thickness changes of cardiomyocyte and microvascular basement membranes(BM)and the expression of collagen Ⅳ in Gk rats of different months and STZ-induced diabetic rats,and to explore the method that operated easily and could assess the thickness of myocardial BM.Methods GK rats of the fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh months,Streptozotocin induced diabetes rats of fifth months and normal Wister rats were respectively divided into different groups with ev eight rats in each group.The myocardial section was stained by methenamine silver and immunohistochemistry was performed for collagen Ⅳ.Left ventricular endocardium was selected as measuring view.Through computer image analysis,the ratio of BM positive staining density(BMPSD)and positive staining density of collagen Ⅳ(CPSD)were calculated separately in all myocardium.Take the ratio to assess the thickness of myocardial BM and the expression of collagen Ⅳ.Results The glycemia,BMPSD and CPSD of the two diabetes rats were higher than those of the normal rats,having highly remarkable difference(P0.05).Conclusion By methenamine silver staining for myocardial section,calculating BMPSD through computer image analysis,can be an index to assess the thickness of myocardial BM.

Objective To observe the preventative and curative effect of Tongxinluo on microvascular inflammatory injury and vasospasm in the cardiac muscle of streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. Methods STZ rats were divided into STZ group, insulin group, Tongxinluo group, with the other 8 Wistar rats as normal control. The normal group and STZ group were intragastric administered with NS, insulin group was subcutaneous injected with insulin, and Tongxinluo group was intragastric administered with Tongxinluo suspension for 8 weeks. The sections of cardiac muscle was stained in HE staining and NF-?B immunohistochemical staining. The level of adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-?), endothelin-1 (ET-1), angiotensin-Ⅱ (AT-Ⅱ) in myocardial homogenate from intercellular, and level of AT-Ⅱ, neuropeptide Y (NPY) in plasma were determined, with sICAM-1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the others by radioimmunoassay. The sections stained by NF-?B immunohistochemical staining were image analyzed using computer. The extent of its expression was evaluated by the mean of the density ratio of the positive side. Results Compared with normal rats, the content of sICAM-1, TNF-?, ET-1, AT-Ⅱ and the expression of NF-?B in the myocardial homogenate of STZ rats was increased (P0.05). AT-Ⅱ in plasma of STZ rats increased (P

Gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Decreased insulin sensitivity is a significant etiological factor of T2DM. Adipocytes, myocytes, and hepatocytes are the three major target cells for insulin. This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of TMAO on the insulin sensitivity of these target cells. Research results indicate that in different ages of db/db diabetic mice, plasma TMAO levels were increased. TMAO significantly inhibits the insulin signaling pathways in these three major insulin target cells, reduces glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myocytes and downregulates genes related to gluconeogenesis in primary mouse hepatocytes. Furthermore, in mice with normal insulin sensitivity, elevating plasma TMAO levels to those seen in db/db mice using a minipump results in impaired glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia. All animal experiments were carried out with approval of the Experimental Animal Welfare Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College). Mechanistic studies suggest that TMAO exposure increases the levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins in these three major insulin target cells. In summary, TMAO directly attenuates insulin sensitivity in insulin target cells, and its mechanism of action may involve enhancing endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome ; classification ; diagnosis ; immunology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Infant ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the value of detecting BK virus(BKV)in urine of renal al- lograft recipients for the diagnosis and treatment of BKV infection.Methods Using polymerase chain re- action(PCR)method combined with DNA sequencing,61 urine samples from renal allograft recipients,30 u- fine samples from dialytic patients and 30 urine samples from healthy volunteers(controls)were detected. The results were compared among the 3 groups.Results The BKV positive rate in renal allograft recipi- ents was 36.1%,compared with 13.3% in dialytic patients(P＜0.05)and 0.0% in controls(P＜0.05). One renal allograft recipient who was positive for BKV developed ureteral obstruction.The BKV positive rate was 40.9%(9/22)in renal allograft recipients with rejection episode,compared with 33.3%(13/39)in the recipients without rejection episode(P＞0.05);and the BKV positive rate was 36.0%(18/50)in the recip- ients with normal graft function,compared with 36.4%(4/11)in the recipients with abnormal graft function (P＞0.05).Conclusions Renal allograft recipients are the high risk population who may develop BKV viruria.There is no correlation between recipients with or without rejection episode and BKV viruria,and also no correlation between recipients with normal or abnormal graft function and BKV viruria.Detection of BKV in the urine of renal allograft recipients is helpful in differential diagnosis of BKV induced ureteral obstruc- tion,and PCR method for detecting BKV DNA can be used to screen for BK virus-associated nephropathy (BKVAN).

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light and diode laser for axillary hair removal. Methods Clinical trials on 61 persons using intense pulsed light and diode laser to depilate axillary hairs were conducted. 36 persons were treated by IPL and 25 persons by diode laser.Treatments were carried out in three times at 8-week intervals, and a final assessment was made 3 months following the third theatment. Results Both IPL and diode laser reduced the hair count substantially! the IPL group effective rates were 80. 6 % and the diode laser group, 76. 0 %. They had no statistical significance was (P>0. 05)). Conclusions Intense pulsed light and diode laser are effiective and safe for hair removal.

Objective To summarize the experience of laparoscopic appendectomy(LA). Methods A retrospective analysis was made on clinical date of 368 cases of appendicitis treated with laparoscopic appendectomy in this hospital from March 1998 to March 2005.There were 35 cases of simple appendicitis,276 cases of suppurative appendicitis,39 cases of appendiceal perforation with peritonitis,and 18 cases of chronic appendicitis. Results The procedure was successfully accomplished in 363 cases,while conversions to open surgery were performed in 5 cases.The operative time was 22~55 min(mean,30.5 min),and the intraoperative blood loss was 2~10 ml.One case of abdominal residual infection and 1 case of adhesive ileus were cured with conservative treatment postoperatively.Pelvic abscess occurred in 1 case and was cured with a re-operation of laparoscopic abscess drainage. Conclusions Laparoscopic appendectomy is safe and effective in skilled hands.

Objective To improve the clinical efficacy of angina pectoris with dyslipidemia patients, analysis of the combined use of trimetazidine, atorvastatin calcium, the clinical value of psychological intervention.Methods 86 cases of patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris with dyslipidemia were selected, according to the random number table method is divided into control group and study group, each group of 43 cases. The control group were given routine symptomatic angina pectoris of coronary heart disease with abnormal blood lipid therapy plus trimetazidine hydrochloride oral Sibutramine, study group on the basis of the control group given oral atorvastatin calcium plus psychological intervention of statin treatment. Results After treatment, the clinical efficiency of the study group and the control group was 95.34％ and 81.4％, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05); patients in the study group SDS, SAS score than the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05); patients in the study group, TC, TG, LDL and C levels were significantly lower than the control group, the HDL level of C higher than that of control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05); study on patients with angina pectoris attack times less than the control group, the seizure duration shorter than the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Psychological intervention combined with the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease with abnormal blood lipid, clinical efficiency increased from 81.4％ to 95.34％, reduced in patients with depression, anxiety and other negative emotions, so that the blood has been effectively controlled, improve clinical symptoms, reduce the pain of patients, with high clinical value.

Objective Daidzein solid dispersions were prepared by solid dispersion technology to improve in vitro dissolution rate. Methods Daidzein solid dispersions were prepared by solvent method using polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 ( PVP K30) as carrier.The in vitro dissolution characteristics of solid dispersions were evaluated,and the properties were detected by IR and XRD. Results The dissolution rates of different mass ratio of daidzein-PVP solid dispersion were significantly improved compared with that of daidzein API.The cumulative dissolution of solid dispersion with mass ratio of 1∶6 within 30 minutes was up to 87.8%,equivalent to six times of API. The in vitro drug release kinetics were fitted mathematically to Korsemeyer-Peppas model. Conclusion Solid dispersion with PVP K30 as carrier could significantly improve dissolution rate of daidzein.

ObjectiveTo observe the therapeutic efficacy of ginger-partitioned moxibustion plus Ba Zhen decoction in treating chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).MethodSixty patients with CFS were randomized into two groups, 30 in each group. The treatment group was intervened by ginger-partitioned moxibustion plus Ba Zhen decoction, while the control group was by electroacupuncture.ResultAfter 3 treatment courses, the total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group versus 83.3% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionGinger-partitioned moxibustion plus Ba Zhen decoction can produce a higher total effective rate than electroacupuncture in treating CFS.