Lymph node mapping, a hotspot in oncology and surgery in recent years, has been successful-ly used in the discovery and resection of the metastatic lymph nodes in patients with melanoma and breast cancer. For the complex of lymphatic drainage and the defect of tracers, lymph nodes mapping is still under investigation. As a new type of nano-materials, the quantum dots are used widely, the tumor lymph node mapping.

Curcumin is a principal polyphenolic curcuminoid extracted from turmeric rhizome, which has been used for treating inflammation of joints, ulcers, jaundice and other disorders in Asian traditional medicine. In recent years, many studies have indicated that curcumin plays important roles in treatment of liver diseases. Curcumin attenuates liver injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by lowering the release of inflammation cytokines, minimizing oxidative stress, enhancing the sensitivity of insulin and altering lipid metabolism. Curcumin shows potent anti-fibrosis activity, contributing to inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cells and reduce the deposition of extracellular matrix by its regulation of PPAR-γ, NF-ΚB and TGF-β signaling pathways. Moreover, curcumin exhibits anti-cancer effect by inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several hepatoma cell lines. However, poor water solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin limit its clinical applications. To overcome its limited systemic bioavailability, many new approaches have been explored to deliver curcumin effectively. This article focuses on advances in the effects of curcumin and its derivatives for treatment of liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinoma.
Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Liver Diseases ; drug therapy ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; PPAR gamma ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism

In order to find out the more applicable way in detecting the acute toxicity of environmental pollutants,the author described the luminescent bacteria toxicity (LBT) test on the basis of literature review.In the article,the principle,the current usage both in our country and abroad,and the perspective of LBT are discussed.The results showed that LBT has many advantages such as relative sensitivity,quickness,convenience,and cheapness,while there are some disadvantages such as poor reappearance and existence of some errors in testing.Along with the rapid development of modern equipment and photo electronic techniques in analysis field.The application LBT combined with GC,GC/MS and fluorescence,ultraviolet equipment,will provide a more promising perspective in developing accurate quantitative analysis of the acute toxicity of environment pollutants

Objective To establish a HPLC method for the determination of hyperoside in Zhidai tablet.Method The HPLC system used the Phenomenex LUNA-C18 (4.6 mm× 250 mm,5 μm)column,the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (10)-0.1％ H3PO4 (90),the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,the column temperature was set at 30℃,the detection wavelength was set at 360 nm.Results The linear response range was 1.2～24.0 μg/mL(r=0.9998).The average recovery of mangiferin was 98.4％,and RSD was 0.93％.Conclusions The method is simple,rapid,accurate and repeatable.It can be applied in the determination of hyperoside in Zhidai tablet.

Objective To evaluate the effects of percutaneous transhepatic variceal obliteration in the treatment of acute bleeding from gastroesophageal varices in patients with severe cirrhosis.Methods 19 patients with Child C cirrhosis suffered from active bleeding from gastroesphageal varices. Emergency procechures of percutaneous transhepatic variceal obliteration were performed in all 19 patients. Results Successful catheterization and obliteration of the varices in all of the 19 cases. Active bleeding were controlled in 18 cases with only one failure and TIPSS was performed. During a follow up peroiod ranging from one to 12 months, 14 cases bled recurrently during 3 to 12 months. 15 cases died within the follow up period. 4 cases were alive. Severe complication of intraperitoneal bleeding occurred in 1 case, and laparotomy was performed. Conclusions Percutaneous transhepatic variceal obliteration is effective in controlling acute bleeding from gastroesophageal varices in patients with Child C cirrhosis. It could be used as the first choice treatment method for emergency when TIPSS is contraindicated.

BACKGROUND: Pathological changes of form and structure are induced in some tissues during repairing albuginea penis trauma, while structure and component of collagen fiber will be correspondingly changed necessarily.OBJECTIVE: To find a convenient, shortcut, and sensitive method to observe the dynamic change of type and distribution of collagen fiber during albuginea penis healing. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A contrast study was performed at the Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Guiyang Medical College between June 2005 and October 2007. MATERIALS: Fifteen male New Zealand rabbits were used in this study. METHODS: All rabbits underwent an excision of albuginea sizing 5 mm×5 mm at dorsal penis to establish models of albuginea penis trauma, and then the excision was sutured in situ. Thereafter, albuginea penis was obtained from five rabbits once after 2, 6, and 12 weeks. The samples were treated with picric-sirius red staining and observed under polarizing microscope. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Dynamic changes of area of collagen fiber during albuginea penis healing.RESULTS: There were significant differences in content of the same collagen fiber at different time points (P<0.05). At 2 weeks post-trauma, both type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen fibers were observed, and the ratio was equal, but the arrangement was confused and disorder. At 6 weeks post-trauma, red and yellow type Ⅰ collagen fiber was apparently increased, but type Ⅲ collagen fiber was decreased, and the arrangement was still disorder. At 12 weeks post-trauma, thick, bright red and yellow type Ⅰ collagen fiber was rapidly increased, but thin and green type Ⅲ collagen fiber was rapidly decreased.CONCLUSION: Picric-sirius red polarized light method can not only differentiate types of collagen fiber, but also clearly display the distribution, form and proportion of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen fiber, characterizing by simple, convenient, specific, and highly sensitive.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of deep needling at Tianshu (ST25) with electroacupuncture in treating post-stroke constipation. Method Forty-eight patients with post-stroke constipation were randomized into an electroacupuncture (EA) group and a medication group, 24 cases in each group. The EA group was intervened by deep needling at Tianshu with EA, while the medication group was by Cong Rong Tong Bian oral liquid. After 1 treatment course, the constipation symptom score was observed and the clinical efficacy was calculated. Result After 1 treatment course, the symptom score, total effective rate, recovery plus markedly-effective rate of the EA group were superior to that of the control group, and the inter-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Deep needling at Tianshu with EA can significantly enhance the clinical efficacy in treating post-stroke constipation and improve the quality of life.

Objective To study the relationship between the cardiac markers in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and quality of life (QOL) six months later.Methods N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP),cardiac troponin I (cTnI),creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB)and myoglobin(Myo) was tested in 76 patients with STEMI on admission(0 h) and 24 h after admission.QOL six months later was evaluated by using the SF-36 health survey questionnaire.The relationship between the cardiac markers and QOL was analyzed by multivariate linear regression analysis.Results The total SF-36 scores and the scores of physical function,body pain and general health showed negative linear correlation with NT-proBNP on admission (0 h) and 24 h after admission (P ＜ 0.05).The total SF-36 scores and the scores of physical function and body pain showed negative linear correlation with cTnI on admission (0 h)and 24 h after admission (P ＜ 0.05).The total SF-36 scores and the scores of body pain showed negative linear correlation with CK-MB on 24 h after admission (P ＜ 0.05).The scores of vitality showed negative linear correlation with Myo on admission (0 h) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The higher levels of NT-proBNP,cTnl and CK-MB indicate the lower QOL six months later.

Objective To explore the curative effect of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods Clinical data of 64 patients with ACS were retrospectively analyzed,41 patients received CABG (CABG group) and 23 patients received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI,PCI group).Mainly cardiac events and secondary cardiac events were compared.Results The incidence rate of cadiovascular and cerebrovascular events during hospitalization in CABG group was 7.32％(3/41),in PCI group was 8.70％ (2/23),there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).All patients accomplished follow-up and follow-up time was 12-48 months.The meta follow-up time in CABG group was 35.26 months,in PCI group was 33.19 months.The incidence rate of cadiovascular and cerebrovascular events during follow-up in CABG group was 19.51％ (8/41),in PCI group was 30.43％(7/23),there was no significant difference (P＞ 0.05).The incidence rate of death,myocardial infarction,cerebrovascular events,angina pectoris and total cadiovascular and cerebrovascular events between two groups had no significant difference(P＞ 0.05).Conclusions The surgery treatment in ACS is feasible,the curative effect of CABG and PCI is therapeutic equivalence.The choice of operation should be based on patients' condition and individual choice.Appropriate revascularization can get the best treatment efficiency.

With the development of the population aging and the shifting of medical paradigm,as well as the deeply expansion of community health services,the importance of general medicine has become more and more evident.This paper describes the development history of general medicine and general medical education at home and abroad,analyzes the main problems of general medical education in China.By studying the characteristics of different models,we provided the basis of literature for the related policies.