Objective: To probe into TCM pattern of primary hyperlipemia and its relationship with gender, age, BMI, laboratory indices such as TC,TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, ApoAI, ApoB of the 120 patients with primary hyperlipemia. Methods: Logistic regression analysis wan used to analyze the associativity of TCM syndrome and objective indexes of primary hyperlipemia. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that TCM syndromes of primary hyperlipemia had some relation with laboratory indices. Conclusion: TCM syndromes of primary hyperlipemia had some relation with laboratory indices. The lipemia laboratory indices can be one of the objective basis of TCM diagnosis. The main syndromes were stagnation of phlegm-turbid and syndrome of yang deficiency of both of spleen and kidney, the main pathogenesis were deficiency of spleen and kidney, intermingled phlegm and blood stasis. The main treatment methods were invigorating spleen and tonifying kidney, supplementing qi and nourishing heart, promoting blood flow and dissipating phlegm.

Objective To investigate the expression of AR and its relationship with clinicopathological features in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(Her-2) enrich breast cancer. Mehtods The expression of AR was detected by immunohistochemical staining in 102 patients with Her-2 enrich breast cancer. The relationship between AR expression and its clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. Results The positive rate of AR expression was 75.5%. Patients in the positive group had a lower level of lymph nodes and Ki-67 value (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences of AR expression were observed in age, menopausal status, tumor size, histological grade, vessel invasion, P53 and PCNA (P > 0.05). Conclusion AR was highly expressed in Her-2 enrich breast cancer, which may be a potential target for treatment of Her-2 enrich breast cancer.

Objective: To investigate the effect of interleukin-22 (IL-22) on the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced by acetaldehyde, as well as the role of the antioxidant axis Nrf2-keap1-ARE. Methods: Hepatic stellate cell-T6 (HSC-T6) cells were cultured in vitro, and after 24 and 48 hours of acetaldehyde stimulation at various concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 μmol/L), MTT assay was used to measure cell proliferation rate to screen out the optimal conditions for model establishment. HSC-T6 cells were treated first with the optimal concentration of acetaldehyde (200 μmol/L) for 24 hours and then with different concentrations of IL-22 (10, 20, and 50 ng/ml) for 24 hours. MTT assay was used to measure cell proliferation, Western blot and cell immunohistochemistry were used to measure the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and spectrophotometry was used to measure the changes in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in culture supernatant. SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis and data were expressed as mean±SD. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of means between any two groups. Results: HSCs had significantly enhanced proliferation and activation after being treated with acetaldehyde, especially at 200 μmol/L for 48 hours. After the intervention with gradient concentrations of IL-22, the proliferation and activation of HSCs were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, and the proliferation and migration rates in the 10, 20, and 50 ng/ml IL-22 groups were 14%, 25%, and 35%, respectively (all P < 0.05). The results of Western blot and immunohistochemistry showed that there was no significant difference in the expression of Nrf2 total protein in HSCs between groups, while there was extremely low expression of Nrf2 nucleoprotein in the blank control group. There was increased expression of Nrf2 nucleoprotein after acetaldehyde stimulation (compared with the blank control group, P < 0.05), and after the intervention with gradient concentrations of IL-22, the expression of Nrf2 nucleoprotein was further increased (all P < 0.05). The results of spectrophotometry showed that compared with the blank control group, the model group had increased levels of MDA and GSH in culture supernatant after acetaldehyde stimulation; after the intervention with gradient concentrations of IL-22, there was a significant reduction in the MDA level and a significant increase in the GSH level in a dose-dependent manner (all P < 0.05). Conclusion The activation and proliferation of HSCs induced by acetaldehyde helps with the successful establishment of an in vitro model of alcoholic liver fibrosis. IL-22 effectively inhibits the activation and proliferation of HSCs induced by acetaldehyde, and its mechanism may be related to promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation in HSCs and expression of the downstream target gene GSH and increasing the activity of the antioxidant axis Nrf2-keap1-ARE.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of putative bacteriocin immunity proteins on the growth mode of Streptococcus mutans (Sm). To observe the differences of antimicrobial sensitivity in planktonic Sm wild-type strains and mutant strains caused by the inactivation of bacteriocin immunity proteins and their influence on the biofilm formation.

METHODSSm wild-type strains (WT) and its knockout mutants defective in immA and immB (ΔimmA(-) and ΔimmB(-) mutants) coding putative bacteriocin immunity proteins were cultured in brain heart infusion (BHI) and selected by erythromycin at the concentration of 10 mg/L. Optical density was detected by spectrophotometer every hour and growth curve was drawn. WT, ΔimmA(-) and ΔimmB(-) mutants were treated with ampicillin (0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08 mg/L), sodium fluoride (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 mg/L) and sodium hypochlorite (0.078%, 0.156%, 0.313%, 0.625%, 1.250%) for 24 hours. Optical density was detected by multifunctional micro plate reader. WT and the mutants were cultured in MBEC(TM) P&G Assay for 24 hours. The minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of chlorhexidine against Sm was determined by serial dilution method. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to visualize the biofilm architecture, depth and ratio of live to dead bacteria.

RESULTSGrowth curve showed that it took about 3 hours to reach exponential phase and about 7 hours to stationary phase for WT, while 4 hours to exponential phase and 8 hours to stationary phase for mutants. Optical density of mutants were lower than WT in the presence of various antimicrobial agents (P < 0.01). In 0.06 mg/L ampicillin group, optical density value of WT, ΔimmA(-) and ΔimmB(-) mutants were 0.334 ± 0.016, 0.027 ± 0.016 and 0.047 ± 0.018. In 150 mg/L sodium fluoride group, optical density value of WT and mutants were 0.254 ± 0.018, 0.129 ± 0.011 and 0.167 ± 0.010. In 0.313% sodium hypochlorite group, optical density value of WT and mutants were 0.467 ± 0.008, 0.017 ± 0.006 and 0.050 ± 0.006. The MBEC of chlorhexidine against Sm WT, ΔimmA(-) and ΔimmB(-) mutants were 6.25, 1.57, and 3.13 mg/L. The results by CLSM showed a noticeable difference in biofilm architecture. The depth of WT biofilm was higher than the mutants biofilm (P < 0.01). The ratio of live to dead bacteria of WT biofilm was higher than ΔimmA(-) mutants in all layers (P < 0.05) and ΔimmB(-) mutants in the outer and intermedium layer (P < 0.01). There is no significant different between the inner layers of WT and ΔimmB(-) mutants (P = 0.191).

CONCLUSIONSPutative bacteriocin immunity proteins have influence on the growth mode of Sm. The antimicrobial sensitivity of planktonic Sm can be up-regulated by the inactivation of immA or immB. The MBEC of chlorhexidine against ΔimmA(-) and ΔimmB(-) mutants is lower than WT. The inactivation of immA or immB affects the biofilm formation.

Ampicillin ; pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacteriocins ; genetics ; immunology ; Biofilms ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Cariostatic Agents ; pharmacology ; Chlorhexidine ; pharmacology ; Disinfectants ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mutation ; Plankton ; drug effects ; Sodium Fluoride ; pharmacology ; Sodium Hypochlorite ; pharmacology ; Streptococcus mutans ; drug effects ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo analyze the causes associated with the failure of dental implant restoration.

METHODSThe patients who received dental implant restoration from January 2001 to December 2008 in Center of Dental Implant, School of Stomatology, Shandong University were reviewed and analyzed. The cases with implant loosening, broken or removed were considered failure.

RESULTSThere were a total of 38 failure implants in 32 patients found in this group of patients. Of those, 33 implants loosened (17 cases before restoration and 16 cases after restoration), two were broken, two retention screws broken and one implant perforated on buccal side. The causes of failure included doctor-related factors in 19 cases, patient-related factors in 9 cases, implant-related factors in two cases and two uncertainties.

CONCLUSIONSDoctor-related factor is the main cause of dental implant failure, followed by patient-related factor and implant-related factor.

Dental Implants ; Dental Restoration Failure ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of pharyngoplasty on olfactory and taste function in treating obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHOD: Thirty-nine patients accepted pharyngoplasty for treating OSAHS from April 2005 to December 2005 who complained of olfactory and/or taste disturbances were analyzed in this study. RESULT: Four cases complained of taste disturbances , among them, one case complained of disturbance. The 1st case complained of hyposmia, complete taste loss of sour and salty and partial taste loss of sweet. The 2nd case complained of partial taste loss of sour, sweet, salty and bitter. The 3rd case complained of partial taste loss of sour. The 4th case complained of phantogeusia who had sour and bitter sensation in phlegm. CONCLUSION The olfactory and/or taste disturbances may be complications of pharyngoplasty. Surgeons should be careful during the operation to avoid the damage of olfactory and taste function.
Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Olfaction Disorders ; etiology ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Taste Disorders ; etiology

A total of 100 HIN1 flu real-time-PCR positive throat swabs collected from fever patients in Zhejiang,Hubei and Guangdong between June and November 2009,were provided by local CDC laboratories.After MDCK cell culture,57 Influenza A Pandemic (H1N1) viruses were isolated and submitted for whole genome sequencing.A total of 39 HA sequences,52 NA sequences,36 PB2 sequences,31 PB1 sequences,40 PA sequences,48 NP sequences,51 MP sequences and 36 NS sequences were obtained,including 20 whole genome sequences.Sequence comparison revealed they shared a high degree of homology (96％～99％) with known epidemic strains (A/Califomia/04/2009(H1N1).Phylogenetic analysis showed that although the sequences were highly conserved,they clustered into a small number of groups with only a few distinct strains.Site analysis revealed three substitutions at loop 220 (221-228) of the HA receptor binding site in the 39 HA sequences:A/Hubei/86/2009 PKVRDQEG→PKVRDQEA,A/Zhejiang/08/2009 PKVRDQEG→PKVRDQER,A/Hubei/75/2009PKVRDQEG→PKVRDQGG,the A/Hubei/75/2009 was isolated from an acute case,while the other two were from patients with mild symptoms.Other key sites such as 119,274,292 and 294 amino acids of NA protein,627 of PB2 protein were conserved.Meanwhile,all the M2 protein sequences possessed the Ser32Asn mutation,suggesting that these viruses were resistant to adamantanes.Comparison of these sequences with other H1N1 viruses collected from the NCBI database provides insight into H1N1 transmission and circulation patterns.

BACKGROUNDAtopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by defective skin barrier and imbalance in T helper 1/T helper 2 (Th1/Th2) cytokine expression. Filaggrin (FLG) is the key protein to maintaining skin barrier function. Recent studies indicated that Th1/Th2 cytokines influence FLG expression in keratinocytes. However, the role of Th1/Th2 cytokines on FLG processing is not substantially documented. Our aim was to investigate the impact of Th1/Th2 cytokines on FLG processing.

METHODSHaCaT cells and normal human keratinocytes were cultured in low and high calcium media and stimulated by either interleukin (IL)-4, 13 or interferon-γ (IFN-γ). FLG, its major processing proteases and key protease inhibitor lymphoepithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI) were measured by both real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Their expression was also evaluated in acute and chronic AD lesions by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSIL-4/13 significantly reduced, while IFN-γ significantly up-regulated FLG expression. IL-4/13 significantly increased, whereas IFN-γ significantly decreased the expression of kallikreins 5 and 7, matriptase and channel-activating serine protease 1. On the contrary, IL-4/13 significantly decreased, while IFN-γ increased the expression of LEKTI and caspase-14. Similar trends were observed in AD lesions.

CONCLUSIONSOur results suggested that Th1/Th2 cytokines differentially regulated the expression of major FLG processing enzymes. The imbalance between Th1 and Th2 polarized immune response seems to extend to FLG homeostasis, through the network of FLG processing enzymes.

Caspase 14 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Interleukin-13 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; metabolism ; Keratinocytes ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory ; metabolism ; Serine Peptidase Inhibitor Kazal-Type 5 ; Th1 Cells ; metabolism ; Th2 Cells ; metabolism

OBJECTIVESevere nasopharyngeal stenosis (NPS) is a rare complication of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) and very difficult to manage. This report presents our successful treatment experience.

METHODSFrom Nov 1997 to Feb 2006, 6 adults patients with NPS secondary to UPPP were treated in Peking Union Hospital. Two cases was grade II stenosis, received surgery of local pharyngeal and soft palate mucosa flap rotation to enlarge nasopharyngeal airway with stenosis; For the remaining 4 cases with more severe NPS (grade III) who had received 1-3 times unsuccessful repair procedures previously, prolonged nasopharyngeal hollow obturators were used for 6 months after stenosis repair surgery.

RESULTSWith 9-48 months follow-up, All cases results were satisfactory. Nasal obstruction symptom was eliminated, NPS corrected, no velopharyngeal insufficiency complication happened. Daytime removable nasopharyngeal hollow stent obturators with palate support device is more comfortable for patients.

CONCLUSIONSLocal flap rotation to enlarge stenosis airway and prolonged use nasopharyngeal hollow obturators are reliable methods of correction NPS following UPPP.

Adult ; Cicatrix ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Diseases ; etiology ; surgery ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Palate, Soft ; surgery ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Reoperation ; Treatment Outcome ; Uvula ; surgery

Animals ; Borrelia burgdorferi ; genetics ; China ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Rodentia ; microbiology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA