This study was aimed to optimize the vacuumextraction technology of alkaloids fromSophora alopecuroides. The orthogonal test and comprehensive evaluation were used to optimize the vacuumextraction technology. Contents of total alkali and oxymatrinewere used as index components for optimizing the effect of three factors, which were the adding amount of water, extraction time, and extraction frequency. Comparison was made among optimal conventional extraction process, decoction extraction and vacuumextraction. The results showed that the optimum extraction process was to add 12 times amount of water, and to extract for 3 times under the temperature of 60℃, 1h for each time. It was concluded that the optimized extraction vacuum technologyof alkaloids fromS. alopecuroidsdecompression total alkali content and oxymatrine process was better than that of optimal conventional extraction process and decoction extraction. The vacuumextraction technology was stable and practical.

Objective To study the correlation between chemotherapy drug sensitivity and the expression of P-glycoprotein protein(P-gp),lung resistant-related protein(LRP)in different esophageal carcinoma patients,which will offer experimental evidence for clinical individualized chemotherapy of esophageal carcinoma patients.Methods Selected fresh esophageal carcinoma's tissue,Common used drugs and chemoscheme for esophageal carcinoma were used for chemosensitivity testing of the primary cultured tumor cells.At the same time,immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expression of P-gp and LRP of esophageal carcinoma cells.Results The chemotherapy drug sensitivity of single drug was different(P＜0.05).The combination of Tax and DDP had the best effect.DDP and NVB combination had a better effect than DDP and 5-FU combination.The sensitivity of DDP had no significant correlations with expression intensity of P-gp(P＞0.05),and it had significant correlation with expression intensity of LRP(P＜0.05).There were significant correlations between sensitivity of both NVB group and Tax group and expression intensity of P-gp and LRP(P＜0.05).There was no significant correlations between sensitivity of 5-FU and expression intensity of P-gp and LRP(P＞0.05).Conclusion The esophageal carcinoma chemosensitivity in vitro can indicate the sensitive drug of different patients,and guide individualized chemotherapy.The expression of P-gp and LRP has relationship with several chemotherapy drugs,which can provide base for individualized chemotherapy in clinic.

Acute Disease ; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases ; Child ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of revision surgery of nasal septum with reformed incision under nasal endoscope. METHOD: Thirty-seven patients with failed septoplasty were carried out revision surgery of nasal septum with reformed incision. RESULT: Revision surgery of nasal septum with reformed incision was successful in all cases. The symptoms resulting from the nasal septal deviation disappeared or significantly relieved. Following successful revision surgery, the treatment outcomes of concomitant nasal and/or sinusal diseases also significantly improved. CONCLUSION The adhesive fibrous tissue in septal mucosa were successively separated in patients with revision surgery of nasal septum with reformed incision under nasal endoscope. Revision surgery of nasal septum with reformed incision was easily and safely, and with fewer complications.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Septum ; surgery ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Rhinoplasty ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the factors in frequency and degree of risk behavior in adolescents,as well find the way to cope with adolescent mental health. Methods 1369 middle students and college students were measured by Risky Behavior Questionnaire for Adolescents (RBQ-A) ,and analyzed the data. Results (1) There were statistically significant among the different age in difference of risky behaviors except aggressive and/or violent behaviors. Males scored higher than females in unsafe sexual practices, aggressive and/or violent behaviors, dangerous,destructive,and/or illegal behaviors,alcohol and/or drug use and smoking(P<0.05 orP<0.01). Students in city scored higher than rural students in dangerous,destructive,and/or illegal behaviors and alcohol and/or drug use(P<0.05 or P< 0.01). Families with high income scored higher than low income in unsafe sexual practices and rule breaking(P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). Families with low income scored higher than high income residences in dangerous,destructive,and/or illegal behaviors and alcohol and/or drug use(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (2) The significant differences were existed in unsafe sexual practices,aggressive and/or violent behaviors,dangerous, destructive,and/or illegal behaviors,alcohol and/or drug use and smoking between males and females (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The significant differences were existed in dangerous,destructive,and/or illegal behaviors and alcohol and/or drug use between groups of 16 years old and 14 ～ 15 years old (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). The significant differences were existed in dangerous,destructive,and/or illegal behaviors between urban and rural students (P< 0.05 orP<0.01).The significant differences were existed in total scores in gender and urban and rural(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion The significant differences are existed in rate of risky behaviors in gender,age,urban and rural. But there is different degree existed in it.

Adult ; China ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mining ; Rural Population ; Silicosis ; mortality

Adult ; China ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Health Services ; Pneumoconiosis ; prevention & control ; Universal Precautions

Objective To evaluate the expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α),vescular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and survivin in developing colorectal cancer,and the association among them.Methods The protein expressions of HIF-1α,VEGF and survivin were detected in specimens obtained from 69 patients with colorectal cancer and 20 normal controls by immunohistochemistry.The correlations of HIF-1α,VEGF and survivin with clinicopathologic features were analyzed.Results The expression of HIF-1α,VEGF and survivin proteins in patients with colorectal cancer were 56.52%,66.67% and 46.38%,respectively,and little expressed in normal controls(P＜0.01).The expressions of HIF-1α,VEGF and survivin were closely related to the differential grade of adenocarcinoma,he in volvment of penetration,lymph node metastasis and Dukes stage(P＜0.05).In addition,HIF-1α protein expression had positive correlations with both VEGF and survivin(P＜0.05),and the expression ofVEGF also had positive correlation with survivin(P＜0.05).Conclusions HIF-1α may involve in thepathogenesis of colorectal cancer through up regulating the expressions of VEGF and survivin,which mayhave synergetic effects in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.

Objective To evaluate the immune response triggered by an in-house constructed hu-man metapneumovirus multi-epitope antigen ( MEA) in a mouse model .Methods Female SPF BALB/c mice at age 4-6 weeks were used in the study and divided into 7 groups.Mice in the five groups including MEA+oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs ( CpG ODN) intraperitoneal injection ( i.p.) treatment group, MEA+Alum i.p.treatment group, MEA+Alum+CpG ODN i.p.treatment group, MEA+CpG ODN intranasal (i.n.) treatment group and MEA+Alum+CpG ODN i.n.treatment group were immunized three times on days 0, 14 and 21, and those in the other experimental group were immunized intramuscularly with MEA+Quickantibody5W on days 0 and 21.A control group without treatment was set up accordingly .All mice were sacrificed two weeks after the last immunization .Antibodies including IgG , IgG1, IgG2a and IgA in serum samples were detected by ELISA .MTS assay was performed to analyze the proliferation of lympho-cytes.The cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) was measured by LDH assay.Flow cytometry was used to detect T lymphocyte subsets .The cytokines secreted by T helper cells ( Th1 and Th2) were analyzed with Bio-Rad Liquid Chips.Results High titers of IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies were produced in MEA treated mice except for those in intranasal treatment groups .Serum samples from three groups including the MEA+Alum i.p., MEA+Alum+CpG ODN i.p.and MEA+Quickantibody5W i.m.treatment groups were positive for IgA antibody .The highest titer of IgA antibody was detected in mice from the MEA+Alum+CpG ODN i.p.treatment group, which was 2.15×103.Compared with the control group, significantly enhanced proliferation of lymphocytes was observed in the MEA+Alum i.p., MEA+Alum+CpG ODN i.p.and MEA+Quickantibody5W i.m.treatment groups (P<0.05).Enhanced cytotoxic activities of CTL were observed in mice with ip.and i.m.treatments as compared with those in control group (P<0.05).The levels of CD4+/CD8+T cells were slightly increased in mice from the MEA+CpG ODN i.p., MEA+Alum+CpG ODN i.p. and MEA+Quickantibody5W i.m.treatment groups as compared with those in control group (P<0.05).In-creased secretion of IL-2, IFN-γand Th2-type cytokines including IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 were detected in mice from the MEA+CpG ODN i.p.treatment group.The MEA+Alum i.p.treated mice showed a slightly increased secretion of IFN-γand significantly increased secretions of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10.Significantly in-creased secretions of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 were detected in mice from the MEA+Alum+CpG ODN i.p.treatment group.Significantly increased secretions of IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-10 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were detected in mice from the MEA+Quickantibody5W i.m.treatment group.Conclusion MEA together with different adjuvants could stimulate high titers of specific antibodies , increase the proliferation of lymphocytes and enhance the cytotoxic activities of CTL .CpG ODN could bal-ance the Th1/Th2-mediated immune responses , and the balance could be enhanced when using CpG ODN in combination with Alum .A similar effect could be achieved by using the commercial adjuvant Quickanti -body5w.This study has paved the way for further investigation on the development of hMPV epitope vaccines and diagnostic reagents for hMPV as well as the epidemiological study of hMPV .

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Occupational Health ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data