This study was conducted under the background of the internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) terminology. Current TCM symptom terminology related to sweat was taken as basis in the extended study. The ICD classification of multiple axis and hierarchical level was used as guidance thought. This paper proposed the principle of detailed classification of TCM sweat symptoms and finally made classification rules for TCM sweatsymptoms. This study has promoted the development of TCM terminology standardization.

ObjectiveTo study transcriptional characteristics of type Ⅲ procollagen gene in systemic scleroderma (SS)-derived fibroblast clones and their regulation by Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae(RSM).Methods Eight fibroblast clones with different collagen-producing capacity were previously obtained from patients with SS and normal human controls.Recombinant plasmids containing different deletions of the human alpha 1 chain of type 3 procollagen(COL3A1) gene promoter were constructed,and transiently transfected into the fibroblast clones.Dual-luciferase reporter assay system was used to evaluate the activities of these recombinants in the fibroblast clones and to select a proximal transcriptional regulatory sequence.Then,the fibroblast clones were transfected with the plasmid containing the selected regulatory sequence(phCOLH30.1) followed by the treatment with RSM injection(1 g/L) and active monomers of RSM,including salvianolic acid B(5 mg/L),tanshinone Ⅱ A (5 mg/L),danshensu(20 mg/L) and protocatechuic aldehyde(5 mg/L),for 48 hours.The transfected fibroblast clones receiving no drug treatment served as the water-soluble control,and those treated with only dimethyl sulfoxide as the lipid-soluble control.Subsequently,the fibroblasts were lysed and subjected to the quantification of cellular proteins and determination of luciferase activity.The activity of recombinant promoters was compared by t test for the selection of proximal transcriptional regulatory sequence,and the activity of phCOLH30.1 by two-way analysis of variance in the RSM-interfering test(if there was interaction,one-way analysis of variance was conducted; and if there was no interaction,the main effect was tested after the removal of interaction item).ResultsOf the 6 recombinants,the recombinant containing COL3A1 proximal promoter from -96 bp to +16 bp(phCOLH30.1) showed the highest transcriptional activity in nearly all of the fibroblast clones,and the activity was positively correlated with the collagen-producing capacity of fibroblast clones.Compared with the water-soluble control,RSM injection significantly downregulated the activity of phCOLH30.1 in fibroblast clones with high and low collagen-producing capacity from patients with SS (2.261 ± 0.619 vs.3.879 ± 0.309,1.462 ± 0.291 vs.2.150 ± 0.262,both P ＜ 0.01) and normal human controls (1.681 ± 0.263 vs.3.039 ± 0.271,1.121 ± 0.361 vs.2.223 ± 0.247,both P ＜ 0.01),salvianolic acid B decreased the phCOLH30.1 activity in SS-derived high collagen-producing fibroblast clones (2.309 ± 0.524,P ＜ 0.01 ) and in the normal control fibroblast clones with high and low collagen-producing capacity (2.126 ± 0.320 and 1.976 ± 0.362,both P ＜ 0.05).Tanshinone Ⅱ A only downregulated the phCOLH30.1 activity in SS-derived high collagen-producing fibroblast clones compared with the lipid-soluble control(2.975 ± 0.666 vs 5.379 ± 0.238,P ＜ 0.01 ).Neither danshensu nor protocatechuic aldehyde showed inhibitory effects on phCOLH30.1 activity in SS-derived or normal control fibroblast clones.ConclusionsThe type Ⅲ procollagen gene is activated at the transcriptional level in high collagen-producing fibroblast clones from patients with SS,and the activation could be suppressed by RSM injection,salvianolic acid B and tanshinone Ⅱ A.

Objective To study the transcriptional regulation of type Ⅰ procollagen gene in systemic scleroderma(SS)-derived high collagen-producing fibroblast clones by Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae(RSM).Methods Fibroblast clones with different collagen-producing capacity were previously obtained from patients with SS and normal human controls,and divided into 5 groups to be treated with RSM(1 g/L)injection,its water-soluble active monomers including sodium danshensu(20 mg/L),salvianolic acid B(5 mg/L)and protocatechuic aldehyde(5 mg/L),and lipid-soluble active monomer(tanshinone Ⅱ A,5mg/L)respectively.The fibroblast clones incubated with no drugs served as the water soluble negative control group,and those with dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)as the lipid soluble negative control group.MTT assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation of the fibroblast clones after 1-,3-,5-,and 7-day treatment,transient transfection and dualluciferase reporter assay system to quantify the relative activity of collagen type Ⅰ,alpha 1(COL1A1)proximal promoter in these fibroblast clones.Results The inhibitory effect of RSM and its active monomers on the proliferation of fibroblast clones was inapparent within the initial 3 days(P ＞ 0.05),but was enhanced with incubation time.A significant difference was observed in the proliferation level of fibroblast clones between RSM group and water-soluble negative control group on day 5(q′ =3.22,P ＜ 0.01),between RSM,salvianolic acid B,protocatechuic aldehyde groups and the water-soluble negative control group(q′ =4.74,3.03,2.56,all P ＜0.05)on day 7,and between tanshinone Ⅱ A and lipid-soluble negative control group on day 5 and 7(t =2.22,2.15,both P ＜ 0.05).RSM injection,tanshinone Ⅱ A and protocatechuic aldehyde significantly inhibited COL1A1 proximal promoter activity in SS-derived and normal control fibroblast clones(all P ＜ 0.01),and the former two drugs preferentially downregulated COL1A1 proximal promoter activity in SS-derived high collagenproducing fibroblast clones.Significantly different COL1A1 proximal promoter activity was observed in SS-derived high and low collagen-producing fibroblast clones between water-soluble negative control group and RSM injection group(12.019 ± 0.830 vs.4.445 ± 1.061,5.388 ± 0.480 vs.2.856 ± 0.597,F=31.78,P＜ 0.01),and between lipid-soluable negative control group and tanshinone Ⅱ A group(14.155 ± 0.672 vs.9.638 ±0.854,4.299 ± 0.252 vs.3.192 ± 0.450,F=24.10,P＜ 0.01).Conclusions RSM inhibits the transcription of COL1A1 gene in SS-derived high collagen-producing fibroblast clones,which may be mainly attributed to tanshinone Ⅱ A and protocatechuic aldehyde.

Objective To study the effects of serum containing Psoralea on proliferation and melanogenesis in A375 human melanoma cells by serum pharmacological method. Method A375 human melanoma cells were cultured in vitro. Different concentrations of drug-contained serum were added to the culture medium during logarithmic growth phase. Melanocyte culture was determined by MTT and NaOH method. Results There was a significant difference between the control and the drug-contained serum test group on proliferation, and there was significant increase in 20% serum drug-contained serum on melanogenesis (P

AIM: To investigate the indications and therapeutic effect of the conservative treatment and surgical treatment for vitreous hemorrhage.
METHODS: Hemorrhage reasons, degree of illness, and treatment and final results of vitreous hemorrhage were recorded from 2008 to 2013, and curative effect of different treatments was analyzed.
RESULTS:Selected 22 cases ( 24 eyes ) of conservative treatment, vision degree of 6 eyes ( 25%) had raised, 5 eyes ( 21%) occurred secondary retinal detachment without treatment, 3 eyes (12. 5%) suffered neovascular glaucoma were underwent operation, but the vision had lost completely. In 26 cases ( 31 eyes ) of control (operation) group, vision of 17 eyes (55%) had improved, 2 eyes (6. 5%) suffered the second operation, 2 eyes (6. 5%) suffered the third surgery, 3 eyes (10%) suffered eyeball atrophy. The number of ultimate vision improved with conservative treatment were significantly lower than the number of cases with surgical treatment (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: The surgical treatment is still visible vitreous hemorrhage treatment means of positive, but there will be eyeball atrophy and other serious complications, so we should choose a different methods in according to the different treatment objects and treatment time.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical effects of short-segment posterior pedicle screw combined with transpedicle vertebral bone grafting in treating thoracolumbar burst fractures.

METHODSFrom March 2008 to March 2013, 62 patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures were treated with short-segment posterior pedicle screw combined with transpedicle vertebral bone grafting. Including 40 males and 22 females, the age from 17 to 65 years old with an average of 38 years. According to AO classification, 34 cases were type A3.1, 7 cases were type A3.2 and 21 cases were type A3.3. Load-sharing scores were from 4 to 6 points with an average of 5.4 points. According to ASIA grade, 2 cases were grade C, 5 cases were grade D and 55 cases were grade E. Preoperative, postoperative at 3 d and final follow-up, the Cobb angle, the relative height of anterior vertebral body and the encroachment rate of spinal canal were measured by X-ray films and computed tomography (CT) scan, meanwhile, the information of bone healing and spinal nerves recovery were observed.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 11 to 14 months with an average of 12.2 months. The duration of removing internal fixation were from 9 to 13 months (averaged, 11.5 months). One suffered from infection and was cured by debridement. Two cases had mild pain of back. At 6 months after operation, according to ASIA grade to evaluate never function, 1 case was grade C, 3 cases were grade D and 58 cases were grade E. X-ray and CT showed the fractures obtained good union at final follow-up. The Cobb angle, the relative height of anterior vertebral body and the encroachment rate of spinal canal had obviously improved at 3 days after operation (P<0.05); but there was no significant differences between postoperative at 3 d and final follow-up (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONShort-segment posterior pedicle screw combined with transpedicle vertebral bone grafting is an effective method to treat thoracolumbar burst fractures. It can reduce the loss of postoperative correction and prevent the internal fixation failure.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Transplantation ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedicle Screws ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery

ynthesis.

Objective To evaluate the influence of anus-preserved procedures on life quality of patients with low rectal carcinoma.Methods One hundred and forth cases with low rectal carcinoma who underwent double stapling technique(DST) (n =64) or support binding procedure(SBP) (n =50) were selected as our subjects.Patients in both group were undergone total mesorectal excision (TME) to sever mesorectum.Anal Function was assessed by Xu Zhongfa Anal-Function's criterion after operation.All patients were performed a 5 years follow-up.Results The 5-years survival rate and local recurrence rate were 65.63％ (37/64),20.03％ (13/64) respectively in DST group,and 76.0％ (38/50),6.0％ (3/50) in SBP group.The differences were significant (P =0.049,0.032).The postoperative general occurrence rate of dysuria,dysporia and sexual disorder in the DST group were 31.25％ (20/64),17.19％ (11/64) and 45.31％ (29/64) respectively,higher than those of SBP group(14.00％ (7/50),4.00％ (2/50) and 26.00％ (13/50) ;P =0.037,0.045,0.034).Conclusion Both DST and SBP therapy are proved to be effective in terms of anus-preserved treatment for low rectal cacinoma.5-year survival rate is similar in the two groups,while the survival quality is better in SBP group than in DST group.

Objective To evaluate the short-term therapeutic effect and radiation reaction of stereotactic radiotherapy for early stage non-small cell lung cancer in the elderly patients. Methods Thirty-one patients with stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ non-small cell lung cancer were treated with stereotactic radiotherapy. Patients aged 70-88 years, median age 76; 21 were stage I patients, and 10 stage Ⅱ ; 14 patients had tumor

OBJECTIVE E-cadherin is a major component of tubular adherent proteins which maintain intercellular contacts and cell polarity in epithelial tissue, it is involved in the pathological process of renal cell carcinoma and fibrotic diseases via epithelial- mesenchymal transition. Although we and others found that expression of E-cadherin was significantly down-regulated in kidney suffered acute kidney injury (AKI), its function in AKI was still unknown, which was explored in the current study. METHODS We disrupted E-cadherin or restored E-cadherin with compound 8J in cisplatin-stimulated tubular epithelial cell lines, the cell damage and inflammation were evaluated, additionally, the thera?peutic potential of E-cadherin restoration was also determined in vivo. RESULTS We found that cisplatin reduced E-cadherin expression both in mouse kidney and tubular epithelial cell lines (mTECs). Adminis?tration of compound 8J restored the level of E-cadherin, thereby increased cell viability while attenuating programmed cell death, which may be mediated by deactivation of RIPK/MLKL axis, reduced membrane translocation of phosphor-MLKL and decreased cleavage of caspase 3. Compound 8J also suppressed inflammatory response in cisplatin- treated mTECs, which was correlated with suppressed NF- κB phorsphorylation and promoter activity. In contrast, disruption of E-cadherin enhanced cell damage and inflammation. Treatment of compound 8J failed to further attenuate kidney damage in E- cadherin knockdown cells, indicating compound 8J protected against mTECs mainly through restoring E-cadherin. We also found that peritoneal injection of compound 8J protected against renal function and tubular damage by preventing NF-κB-driven renal inflammation and RIPK/MLKL-regulated programmed cell death, which was led by restoration of E-cadherin in cisplatin nephropathy. CONCLUSION More than a victim degraded after kidney injury, E-cadherin also has functional role in controlling tubule integrity, programmed cell death and renal inflammation. In this regard, restoration of E-cadherin by compound 8J should be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy for acute kidney injury.