Although intensive chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) are currently used in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML),a large proportion of patients relapse after treatment.On the other hand,a minority of cases fail to achieve complete remission (CR) after a standard first line treatment.Leukemia relapse and refractory become the main course of treatment failure,which are also the main points and difficulties of treatment for AML.However,the most effective regimen for refractory/relapsed AML has not been established.This review focuses on the progress of the regimens and major chemotherapy for refractory/relapsed AML (except M3).

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of postmenopausal patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN) gradeⅡ/Ⅲand cervical cancer . Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical characteristics of 57 cases of postmenopausal patients who were diagnosed as CIN grade Ⅱor above from January 2014 to September 2015.Their age ranged from 49 to 77 (58.2 ±5.6) years old, and the time of menopause ranged from 1 to 36 (9.4 ±6.9) years. Results ①In postmenopausal women with CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ and cervical cancer, only about 1/5 (11/57, 19.3%) had clinical complaints, and nearly 2/3 (36/57, 63.2%) had smooth cervical appearance .②There were 36 cases of high-risk human papillomavirus ( HPV) (36/39, 92.3%), 20 cases of single HPV16 infection (20/36, 55.6%), 7 cases of HPV16 type and other high-risk HPV infection (7/36, 19.4%), and 9 cases of other types of high-risk HPV infection (9/36, 25.0%).③The positive rate of high-risk HPV was 92.3%(36/39) and the HPV16 positive rate was 69.2% (27/39).TCT examination showed a positive rate of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) of only 29.6% (16/54), with significant difference (χ2 =6.686 and 14.286, P =0.010 and 0.000, respectively). Conclusions Postmenopausal women with cervical lesions usually have no obvious clinical symptoms . Gynecological examination alone is difficult to judge whether the cervical lesions exist .Strict cervical lesions screening is particularly important .

Based on M9 culture medium,the concentration of ingredients of culture medium was optimized for the fermentation of pNSR32/BL21(DE3),the engineering bacterial with spider silk protein,and lactose as an inducer.The condition of optimum culture medium was obtained for the expression of the high molecular weight recombinant spider silk protein by using orthogonal and individual factor experimental design.The result was showed that the optimum culture medium was consisted of 0.3% glycerol,3% yeast,0.75% tryptone,0.05%(NH_4)_2SO_4 and a little inorganic salt_.It was confirmed that the optimum culture medium will benefit the growth of bacterial and expression of recombinant spider silk protein.The production level of propose protein will attain at 20% of the total proteins in the fermentation.

Objective To explore the best turn lateral position angle of the patients with stroke in acute phase. Methods 100 patients with stroke in acute phase weredivided into five groups according to 15 ° ,30 ° 45 ° , 60 ° , 90 ° turn lateral position angle separately and then observed the skin temperature of good location of pressure ulcers of the patients before and after turning over 2 h. The changes of blood pressure, heart rate and the finger tip pulse oxygen saturation were recorded within the turn over 2 hours. Results The skin temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation among the groups had no statistical significance (P>0.05) in the difference turn angle of lateral position.The skin temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation between the groups had no statistical significance (P>0.05) in the same turn angle of lateral position.Conclusions Five different turn lateral position angle have no obvious difference on the vital signs and the skin temperature in patients with stroke in acute phase. It is suggested to adopt the turn lateral position angle of less than 90° from the perspective of biomechanics and patients′comfort.

Objective To establish a new method of cutting human pancreases from cadaver donors for islets transplantation, and to discuss the relationship between activity of islets and the cold ischemia preservation time after hypertonic citrate adenine solution perfused.Methods 1500-2000 ml of hypertonic citrate adenine solution was perfused into aorta. Kidey-pancreases-duodenum-spleen were cut together. Digestion of pancreases was done with collagenase P. The islets were isolated, purified and stained. The purity and activity of the islets were measured.Results There was a negative correlation between activity of islets and the cold ischemia preservation time. But there was a positive correlation between activity of islets and the ischemic index.Conclusion The activity of the islets infused with hypertonic citrate adenine solution and degested with collagenase P is high, but the cold ischemia preservation time of the pancreases preserved in hypertonic citrate adenine solution is better not more than 5-6 h.

Objective To explore the effects of microwave radiation from interphone on the electrocardiogram of occupational population. Methods 165 male security personnels (working age: 0.5-3.32 a) often exposed to microwave radiation from interphone and 80 male staffs (working age: 0.5-3.58 a) without exposure to microwave radiation in a same security guard company were selected for examination of electrocardiogram in June-July,2004. Results The prevalences of sinus arrhythmia,sinus bradycardia,and the total abnormal rate of electrocardiogram in exposure group were significantly higher than those in control group(P

The oral glucose tolerance test,insulin release test and C peptide relea se test were carried out in 69 hypertensive patients and 55 normotensive subjects. It was found that,the concentrations of blood glucose,serum insulin and C peptide and the occurrence rates of glucose metabolic abnormality(diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance)of hypertensive group were higher than those of normotensive control group.The co-existence of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia suggests the existence of insulin resistance.

Objective To assess the outcomes,complications,and quality of life following endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy(ETS) of the T2~T4 ganglia for treating primary palmar hyperhidrosis(PH). Methods A total of 200 cases were followed with clinic checkups or telephone inquiries for a period of 1~28 months(mean,18.4 months). Results Of the 200 cases,8 cases were loss of follow-up and 192 cases obtained a complete and fully satisfactory alleviation of palmer and axillary hyperhidrosis.No recurrence and severe complications were found.The prime complication was compensatory hyperhidrosis(52/192,27.1%),whose incidence was slightly higher in female and severe patients and unrelated to age.Other complications included 1 case of pneumothorax and 1 case of pulmonary atelectasis. Conclusions Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy of the T_2~T_4 ganglia for palmar hyperhidrosis is effective,safe and reliable.The procedure improves patients' quality of life and gives satisfactory outcomes.However,all patients should be informed of the common complications,particularly compensatory hyperhidrosis,before the surgery.

Objective To summarize the experience of 200 cases of endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy(ETS). Methods Clinical materials of T_2~T_4 sympathectomy under thoracoscope for treating palmar hyperhidrosis from January 2003 to April 2005 were analysed. Results [WTBZ] All the 200 cases of operation were successfully completed.Symptoms of hyperhidrosis vanished with both hands dry and warm in all the patients.Plamar temperature increased by a mean of(3.1?0.9)℃ after operation.Follow-up observations in 192 cases for 1~28 months(mean,18.4 months) found no recurrence.Compensatory hyperhidrosis was found in 52 cases(27.1%). Conclusions Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy is a safe,effective,and micro-invasive treatment for palmar hyperhidrosis.