Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by non-cardiogenic,acute,progressive and hypoxic respiratory insufficiency or respiratory failure mediated by various internal and external stimuli.The pathogeny of lung injury is varied,pathogenesis is complicated,and it is not clear.Related pathogeny and pathogensis of lung injury is reviewed as follows.

This is a review of recent progress in the study on environment sensitive hydrogel based on cyclodextrin and their most recent and relevant applications in the intelligent drug delivery systems. Based on relevant literatures, the development of environment sensitive hydrogel responsive to physical, chemical and biochemical stimuli was introduced, involving their categorization, design principles, mechanism of action and potential application. Various new types of intelligent drug delivery system, which responds to various triggers, could be constructed by using the cyclodextrin-based environment sensitive hydrogel. They made it possible to control the drug release freely. Although these hydrogels are still at their research stage, they have attracted considerable interest in the intelligent drug delivery system.

Anticancer drugs resistance is often ascribed to gene mutation,amplification or epigenetic changes that affect the uptake,metabolism or export of drugs at the cell level.Tumor physical microenvironment not only influences the drug distribution but also causes difference in cell proliferation rate and hypoxia or acidosis due to its heterogeneity,which could affect the tumor drug resistance.This review discusses the relationship between cancer physical microenvironment and drug resistance and the strategies for enhancement of the chemotherapy sensitivity through modification of the tumor physical microenvironments,as well as foreground of the research.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the safety and immunological effects of Measles-mumps-rubella(MMR)attenuated live at-tenuated vaccine in children. METHODS:300 children aged 8-12 months receiving inoculation were selected from Changsha Hospi-tal for Maternal and Child Health Care during Jan. 2015-Apr. 2016 to observe safety and immunological effects. Those children were divided into MMR group,measles vaccine group,mumps vaccine group and rubella vaccine group according to vaccine type, with 75 cases in each group. The occurrence of ADR in 72 h were compared among 4 groups after inoculation;venous blood of chil-dren was collected before vaccination and 5 months after vaccination,and the antibody positive test was carried out by micro coagu-lation inhibition (HI) test;HI antibody titer was recorded after immunization,and positive rate and genometric meantiter(GMT) were calculated. RESULTS:The incidence of ADR in 4 groups were 9.33%,8.00%,8.00% and 10.67%,respectively. No local ADR was found in 4 groups;among systemic ADR,the incidence of fever was higher than that of other clinical manifestations,be-ing 4.00%,4.00%,4.00% and 5.33%;there was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR among 4 groups(P>0.05). Measles,mumps and rubella antibody positive rates of MMR group were 100%,92.00% and 100%,respectively;antibody posi-tive rates of measles vaccine group,mumps vaccine group and rubella vaccine group were 100%,85.33% and 100%,respective-ly;there was no statistical significance in same antibody positive rate among 4 groups(P>0.05). GMT of measles in MMR group and measles vaccine group were 1∶41 and 1∶27,that of mumps in MMR group and mumps vaccine group were 1∶6.3 and 1∶6.2, there was no statistical significance (P>0.05);GMT of rubella in MMR group and rubella vaccine group were 1∶320 and 1∶849, with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Compared to traditional single vaccine,MMR dose not increase the inci-dence of ADR and not influence positive rate,but GMT of rubella increases significantly,to which should be paid attention.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Genes, p53 ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; RNA Interference ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics

Objective To analyze the clinical features and outcome of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) syndrome,and enhance the understanding of it.Methods Fourteen cases of RS3PE syndrome treated in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology were analyzed retrospec-tively,including the clinical characteristics,laboratory data.Data were presented as -x±s.Results Fourteen patients(nine man,five women) with RS3PE were enrolled.Their age was (68±9) (range:52-78)years.The main clinical features were acute onset symmetrical edema in both hands and feet and polyarthritis.Polyarthritis were involved in hand joints in 14 patients,wrists in 13 patients,knees in 10 patients,ankles in 9 patients,and shoulders in 8.In laboratory examinations,the average value of erythrocyte sedimentation rate was (68±26) mm/l h and C-reactive protein was (49±41) mg/L.Mild anemia of normocytic-normochromic type and mild low level of serum albumin were frequent findings.Antinuclear antibody was present only in one patient at low titer (1∶20).Rheumatoid factor and other auto antibodies were all negative in patients.Before corticosteroid treatment,the MRI test was performed in 8 patients and revealed prominent synovitis and articular effusion.Two cases had bone erosions on MRI; five patients were fuond to have malignant tumors,three of them initially presented with RS3PE.Polyarthritis and edema were relieved after treated with low dose corticosteroids and DMARDs drugs.But those patients with cancer were easily to recurr.Conclusion RS3PE syndrome is relatively uncommon.It occurs predominantly in elderly men and is characterized by rapid-onset symmetrical polyarthritis,presence of pitting edema of both hands and feet.Erosive changes can be seen on MRI.Patients usually have dramatic response to low dose corticosteroids and DMARDs drugs.Patients should be closely followed as RS3PE is closely related to cancer.

0.05) in age, sex, disease course and disease activities (SLEDAI). Fever, oral ulcer, Raynaud′s phenomenon and cardiac involvement in infection group were more common than in disease flare group (P

Objective To study on the drug-resistance mechanism of Brucella resistance to Quinolone antibiotics to guide the selection and use of antimicrobial agents in clinical practice. Methods Six strains of Brucella melitensis(Bru1, Bru2, Bru3, Bru4, Bru5, Bru6) were selected to be induced resistance to levofloxacin in vitro respectively. The MICs of the 6 strains of Brucella melitensis and induced resistant strains were measured by agar dilution method. The sensitivity to Quinolone antibiotics (Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Lomefloxacin, Norfloxacin, Fleroxacin, Ofloxaein) of 6 strains of Brucella melitensis and induced resistant strains was measured by K-B method. The gyrA of the 6 strains of Brucella melitensis and induced resistant strains was amplified by PCR, then the nucleotide sequence of the genes were analyzed. Results The MICs of Bru1,Bru2,Bru3,Bru4, Bru6 were 0.50 μg/ml and Bru5 was 0.25 μg/ml. The strains Bin3, Bru4 were induced into drug-resistant strains by Levofloxacin, then were named LEVR3 and LEVR4 respectively. The MICs of LEVR3 and LEVR4 were 64,128 μg/ml with 128 and 256 times higher than that of the parental strains. The 6 strains of Brucella melitensis were sensitive to Quinolone antibiotics, LEVR3 and LEVR4 were resistant to Quinolone antibiotics. Neucleotide sequence analysis and comparison of the derived amino acid sequence revealed that Quinolone resistance-determing region of GyrA had a substitution at position Ala87 and Asp91 in laboratory resistant strains. Conclusion The results of in vitro experiments show that acquired resistance of Brucella melitensis strains to Levofloxacin could beinduced when exposed to high level of some antibacterial agents for short term. Two drug-resistant strains occur mutations in gyrA and have cross-resistance to other Quinolones.

Pancreas is an integrated organ with both endocrine and exocrine functions. Insulin is secreted from the pancreas islet B cell and is the only hormone that could reduce blood sugar and play an important role in glucose homeostasis. Pancreatic disease can result in diabetes mellitus in some cases. Although acute pancreatitis is the most common disease of pancreas,the relationship between acute pancreatitis and new-onset diabetes has been ignored. However,many researches have shown recently that acute pancreatitis is associated with new-onset diabetes. Blood glucose monitoring is warranted for patients after acute pancreatitis with important significance.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of insulin dialogue toolkit on psychological insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 134 type 2 diabetes with psychological insulin resistance were selected by the inclusion and exclusion criteria . The participates were randomly assigned to control group and intervention group by computer with 67 cases each. The control group was given conventional health education, the intervention group was given insulin dialogue toolkit instead of individual health education based on conventional health education. The intervention was lasted 2 weeks.The total score and each dimension score of my opinion of insulin and the blood glucose before and after intervention were observed. Results Before intervention, the total score in my opinion of insulin in intervention group and control group was (66.40±8.51), (66.91±7.27) scores, and there was no significant difference between two groups, P>0.05.After intervention, the total score in my opinion of insulin in intervention group and control group was(76.93±5.31), (71.09±7.77) scores, and there was significant difference between two groups, Z=-5.585, P<0.01. There was significant difference in each dimension score, P<0.05 or 0.01. After intervention, the fasting blood glucose in intervention group and control group was (7.35±1.76), (7.54±1.70) mmol/L,the postprandial blood glucose 2 h in intervention group and control group was (9.47±2.26), (8.79±2.04 ) mmol/L, and there were no significant differences, P>0.05. Conclusions The insulin dialogue toolkit has an impact on psychological insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes. Insulin dialogue toolkit is a way to improve the diabetes′attitude of insulin, but the effect on blood sugar are not clarity.