Burns, Chemical ; Humans ; Phenols ; adverse effects

A total of 23 new cancer medicines or indication expansions were approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration in 2012. Among these, 12 are new molecular entities (NMEs)--new chemical or biological drugs approved for the first time for oncologic use--and 10 of these NMEs are molecular targeted agents. Among the 10 targeted agents, 4 are anti-angiogenesis agents and 2 are Bcr-Abl pathway inhibitors, targeting well established targets validated by previously approved agents such as bevacizumab (Avastin) or imatinib (Gleevec). Despite this progress, several questions remain: Do these newly approved agents provide sufficient treatment options to manage the broad spectrum of cancers we deal with in the clinic? Where will the next wave of new cancer drugs come from? Where should R&D efforts be invested to continue improve cancer treatment and management, especially for tumor types uniquely prevalent in China? This editorial and the review articles in this special issue of Chinese Journal of Cancer provide an in depth review of the progress and challenges in developing targeted cancer therapies, as well as an outlook of new research areas where near term breakthroughs are expected to overcome some of these challenges.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; China ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Discovery ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Neoplasms ; therapy

Since cancer-related pain is the worldwide problem,intrathecal drug delivery system (IDD)has been an effective pain management option for patients with chronic and cancer pain.Compared with the other ways,such as oral or intravenous infusion,the delivery of drugs into the intrathecal space provides superior analgesia with lower doses of analgesics to minimize side effects while significantly improve quality of life.Recently,besides traditional opioid (especially mainly morphine) for intrathecal,clinical experts have also found some other drugs could be used for IDD to control the cancer-related pain,and have observed their effect and related adverses.This article aims to provide a general overview of the development trend in this field.

Objective To explore the effect of pregnancy outcome with cervical cold knife conization in pa -tients with early stage cervical cancer .Methods 23 patients with cold knife conization and 21 patients with radical trachelectomy were collected .The pregnancy outcome and perinatal infants between the two groups were compared . Results The pregnancy rate was 82.6%in the observation group,71.4%in the control group,there was statistically significant difference(χ2 =8.654,P=0.002);the section rate was 37.5% in the observation group,30.8% in the control group,there was statistically significant difference (χ2 =9.645, P =0.000 );10 cases of term delivery (62.5%)and birth weight was(3.27 ±1.15)in the observation group,term delivery(69.2%)and birth weight was (2.81 ±0.96)in the control group,proportion and birth weight were statistically significant differences (χ2 =11.671, P=0.000)(t =9.683,P=0.000);there were statistical significance in the outcome of pregnancy (Fisher P=0.036)and perinatal infants(Fisher P=0.034)among patients with different cervical conization height;the relapse rate was 4.4% in observation group,9.5% in the control group,the relapse rate of the two groups had significant difference(Fisher P =0.039).Conclusion Compared with radical trachelectomy ,patients treated by cold knife conization has high pregnancy rate and high cesarean section rate ,which can influence the outcome of pregnancy and perinatal infants .

Objective To analyze the mechanism of hemiparalysis children,cerebral vessels' physiological feature of children, pathological change and therapeutic efficacy after light craniocerebral trauma. Methods To analyze clinical manifestation,imageology data,therapy and therapeutic efficacy of 32 hemiparalysis children patients after light craniocerebral trauma. Results Mon-basal ganglia cerebrel infarction was discovered in all children,and cure rate of broadening blood vessel therapy was 84% in a week after trauma. Conclusion Blood vessel spasm and thrombosis happened after light craniocerebral trauma to artery of cerebral hemorrhage that erupt perpendicularly from arteria cerebri media and had incomplete tunica intima development. Nonage broadening blood vessel therapy could gain well curative effect.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a vascular endothelium-derived relaxing factor.NO inhalation therapy is widely used in the field of neonatology.When NO acts as selective pulmonary vasodilation,it can reduce pulmonary arterial pressure and improve oxygenation.When NO serves as a major regulator of cerebral vasomotor factor,it may have physiological and pathological impact in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.So NO has a wide range of applications in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,hypoxia ischemic encephalopathy.With the recently in-depth study of NO,its biological role has more and more clinical attention in the field of neonatology and has broad valid prospects.However,NO has some side effects which still have some controversial aspects of the application in premature,especially in very low birth weight children.The article focused on the mechanism and clinical applications of NO in the neonatal disease.

There are multiple genes involved in the progress of evolution in breast cancer.Recent study showed that Twist gene may play key role in promoting tumor growth,invasion and metastasis through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).Other studies also demonstrated that Twist gene expression maybe associated with patient outcomes and guiding clinical tailored therapies.

To explore the stability of impact assay for determination of microorganism in indoor air, the comparisons of continued sampling times of 2-minute and 4-minute for monitoring on microorganism of indoor air were carried out with JWL- Ⅱ B multifunctiom air microorganison monitor in 11 hotels, public places of entertainment, barbar shops and beauty shops. The results showed that, under a same environmental condition, there was no significant differences between the data obtained by 2-minute monitoring and 4-minute monitoring (t=1.854, P＞0.05).It indicated that impact assay presented very good stability in detecting the microorganism of indoor air within certaindetecting duration.

Objective To explore the treatment measures of gastric mucosal damage caused by gastric acid and ischemia after cerebral trauma. Methods 0 ～5 ℃ colded 5% Sodium Bicarboante solution 250 ml were infused into stomach through nasal gastric tube once and remained at least 30 minutes. Results The total effective rate was 100%. Among them,22 cases(73% )bleeding was stopped by once infusion,8 cases died(27% ) ,but the causes of . the death had no direct relation with IGU. Conclusions The result of the method was definite, satisfied, economical and easy to perform and without sideeffects. It should be the best choice for treating IGU.

Immunotoxin consists of the antibody, which can specifically recognize relative antigen on the surface of leukemic cell, and intact ricin, which kill cell. It is very profitable to eliminate leukemic cell from bone marrow for prophylaxis of leukemia relapse after bone marrow transplantation. In the study, we reported that clongoenic leukemic cell (Nalm-6) were eliminated by two different immunotoxins (with CD9 and CD10). The inhibiting effect of immunotoxins in useful dose on the proliferation of hemopoietic progenitor cells (CFU-mix, BFU-E and CFU-GM) was not obviously.It is probably that immunotoxins will be used in autologous bone marrow transplation.