Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; Remission Induction ; methods ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the influence of psychological intervention on the anxiety of patients with obstructive jaundice and supply theoretical reference for psychological evaluation and nutsing.Methods 129 patients with obstructive jaundice was divided into the intervention group(64 cases)and the control group(65 cases).The control group adopted routine treatraent method such as anti-infection,liver protection treatment,enhancement of coagulation mechanism and supporting treatment.The intervention group received psychological nursing,relaxation training and distraction of attention based upon routine nursing.The degree of anxiety and pruritus was obseved and recorded in the two groups.Results The degree of anxiety in the intervention group was evidently lower than that of the control group(P＜0.01).The degree of pruritus in the intervention group was 18.75%,which was statistically different from that of the control group(35.38%),P＜0.05.Condusion Adoption of psychological intervention could effectively reduce the degree of anxiety and pruritus of patients with obstructive jaundice.

Objective To investigate the effect of sanbai granules on the patients with leucoderma.Methods 180 cases with leucoderma were selected and divided into two groups.90 cases in the control group were treated by Methoxsalen Tablets 10mg,1 times a day,2h sunlight after the medication,appropriate amount external of Compound Kaliziran tincture and Halometasone.90 cases in the experiment group were treated on the base of the control group with Sanbai granules.The activity of tyrosinase,amount of melanin in the serum,clinical effect and amount of skin regeneration between two groups were compared.Results Compared with the control group, the activity of tyrosinase and melanin in serum of the experiment group were higher (P<0.05),the clinical effect rate were higher(P<0.05),number of skin regeneration piece was higher(P<0.05).Conclusion Sanbai granules can effectively improve the activity of tyrosinase and melanin in patients with leucoderma, and it has important significance for the treatment of leucoderma.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the concentration determination of indigo in rats'plasma,and study the pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats in vivo. METHODS:18 rats were randomly divided into low-dose,medium-dose,high-dose groups,6 in each group,which were intragastrically administrated 10,20,40 mg/kg of indigo solution. The sample blood 0.3 mL was taken from eye socket before administration and 0.083,0.25,0.5,0.75,1,2,4,6,8,10,12,16,24,48,72 h after ad-ministration,separating the plasma,then LC-MS/MS was used to determine the plasma concentration of indigo after methanol pre-cipitation. The column was Agilent Poroshell EC-C18 with mobile phase consisting of methanol-5 mmol/L ammonium acetate solu-tion(95:5,V/V)at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min;multiple reaction monitoring was conducted for the quantitative analysis,with ion pair of 263.1-218.8 (indigo) and 237.2-194.1 (carbamazepine,internal standard). Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 3.0 software. RESULTS:The linear range of indigo was 0.5-100 ng/mL(r=0.9999),intra-day and inter-day RSDs were low-er than 9%(n=5);matrix effects of low,medium and high does quality control samples were (98.25 ± 3.71)%,(102.23 ± 2.64)%,(102.29±3.79)%(n=5). The pharmacokinetic parameters of indigo in low-dose,medium-dose,high-dose groups were tmax of(8.6±1.1),(9.2±0.8)and(9.5±0.8)h;cmax of(30.9±8.6),(44.9±10.1),(96.1±17.4)ng/mL;t1/2 of(14.9±2.1), (16.3±2.9),(15.3±3.7)h;AUC0-72 h of(366.6±83.4),(694.9±105.8),(1223.42±108.7)ng·h/mL,respectively. CONCLU-SIONS:The method shows high sensitivity,good specificity,and can be used for the content determination of indigo in plasma samples of rats. The pharmacokinetics of indigo in rats in vivo fits non-compartment model.

Objective To study the risk factors and clinical features on acute hepatic dysfunction induced by sepsis.Methods One hundred and sixty-eight patients with sepsis were divided into 2 groups according to liver function:simple sepsis group (control group,142 cases) and acute hepatic dysfunction induced by sepsis group (observation group,26 cases).The biochemical indicators,plasma endothelin (ET)-1,sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) were compared between 2 groups.The risk factors of inducing acute hepatic dysfunction were analyzed.Results The incidence of acute hepatic dysfunction in 168 patients with sepsis was 15.5％ (26/168).The total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,creatinine,range of blood glucose variation,arterial blood lactic acid,plasma ET-1,SOFA,fatality rate in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group [(35.9 ±9.8) μμmol/L vs.(27.8 ±6.7) μmol/L,(17.7 ± 8.0) μ mol/L vs.(12.3 ± 5.9) μ mol/L,(219.6 ± 156.4) μ mol/L vs.(159.4 ± 125.3) μ mol/L,(7.6 ±4.9) mmol/L vs.(3.0 ± 1.6) mmol/L,(3.8 ± 1.3) mmol/L vs.(2.0 ± 1.2) mmol/L,(79.6 ±25.7)μg/L vs.(60.8 ± 12.6) μg/L,(8.8 ±2.6) scores vs.(5.7 ± 1.8) scores,38.5％ (10/26) vs.17.6％(25/142)],there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05).Multifactor Logistic regression analysis results showed that long-term drinking,cardiac insufficiency and hypotension were independent risk factors of acute hepatic dysfunction induced by sepsis.Conclusions The arterial blood lactic acid,plasma ET-1 and SOFA in patients with acute hepatic dysfunction induced by sepsis are higher.Long-term drinking,cardiac insufficiency and hypotension are the risk factors of acute hepatic dysfunction induced by sepsis.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the implementation of national essential drugs system. METHODS:Based on the experience on the implementation of national essential drugs system in the past year,relevant policies about essential drugs system were analyzed to probe into several issues on its implementation. RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The legal place of National essential drugs system should be further confirmed and qualification authentication of pharmaceutical enterprises involved in bidding for essential drugs list need to be standardized. Subject and proportion of essential drug use must be ensured as well as the supply of essential drugs to make sure the implementation of national essential drugs system.

The implementation,operation and maintenance of building have huge impacts on environment and human health,however,the research about quantitative assessment of damage to human health for construction project still does not appear in China.Based on investigation in literatures about five LCA-based environmental impact assessment systems(EIA) systems,this paper concluded and compared the of health damage parts of the systems referred.Finally,some suggestions for establishing assessment systems of damage to human health especially in health damage indicators selection,characterization and weighting were proposed.

Nitrogen pollution in water body can not only cause eutrophication but also has direct hazardous effects on animals and human beings. The removal of ammonium is an important process in modern wastewater treatment systems. It is generally achieved by a traditional treatment system of combination of two processes,aerobic nitrification and anoxic denitrification,but these processes are very complex and the cost is higher. In recent years,some new principles have been proposed,such as aerobic denitrification,anaerobic ammonium oxidation,heterotrophic nitrification,which make simultaneous nitrification-denitrification possible. The domestic and foreign study progress in aerobic denitrification was reviewed in this paper.

Chinese herbs with bitter flavor have the function of purgation and dryness as well as strengthening yin.Strengthening Yin means keeping and maintaining yin fluid.Actually,it is to draw assistance from some Chinese herbs with bitter flavor to purge excessive fire in order to maintain yin qi by heat-clearing and fire-purging,that is to say purging fire to keep or save yin.Strengthening yin of bitter herbs is different from the moistening and nourishing function of sweet-cold herbs.It can be generally divided into three aspects: purging ministerial fire and restoring renal yin,clearing heat and purging fire to maintain yin fluid;purging to preserve yin.Strengthening yin doesn't mean the property and flavor of bitter-cold can nourish yin directly.We should not only emphasize clearing fire by using herbs with bitter in flavor and cold in nature,but also pay attention to nourish yin.It is causal relation that exists between purging fire and maintaining yin.The former is only a means and method,and the latter is objection and effect.Because the bitter-flavor can only damage yin by bitterness and dryness but is not good at benefiting yin,we cannot strengthen yin by using bitter herbs in treating yin-deficiency syndrome without excessive fire.

Bronchial asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory airway disease in response to a wide variety of provoking stimuli.Over 200 million people in the world are affected with asthma.Because the incidence of asthma appears to be increasing,the importance of proper perioperative management of persons with asthma will also continue to increase.Patients with asthma are thought to be at high risk for pulmonary complications to develop during the perioperative period,and these complications may lead to serious morbidity.So it is very important to control asthma,to prevent and treat pulmonary complications for increasing operational success rate.