Through research of National Health Service Price Items Standard, 2012 Edition ( abbreved as the new version of item standard), to reveal non profit medical institution’s (abbreved as medical institution) thinking of new version of item standard. Through analysis, the new version of item standard reveals to four major policy changes and characteristics, meanwhile, it is believed that the new version of item standard has practicable issues on the implement of item pricing principle and auxiliary operation projects, which are worth to future discuss.

The roots ofApium graveolens L. have been widely used in Uighur Medicine. Research has shown that roots ofApium graveolens L. has good clinical efficacy in the aspects of liver protection and lipid decreasing, hyperlipidemia treatment and so on. This article reviewed research on the chemical components, extraction process, and pharmacological action of roots ofApium graveolens L. so far, with purposes to better develop and utilize roots of Apium graveolens L., and provide references for follow-up study.

Objective To research on the clinical value of conization of cervix in CINⅢby pathologic histol- ogy with the help of colposcope.Methods 36 cases of CINⅢwere analysed by pathologic histology with the help of colposcope.Results Of all 36 eases diagnosed as CINⅢ,there were 3 cases diagnosed as invasive carcinoma and mi- croinvasive carcinoma.25 cases diagnosed as CINⅢ,8 cases diagnosed as CINⅠ～Ⅱ,and chronic cervicitis after conization of cervix.Conclusion Conization of cervix should be taken for CINⅢby pathologic histology with the help of colposcope.

Objective: To study the effect of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated responses of relaxation and hyperpolarization of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) of rat cerebral basilar artery (CBA) subjected to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) to total flavones in rhododendra (TFR). Methods: The model of global cerebral I/R in rats was made by 4-vessel occlusion (4-VO). The vasodilation and resting membrane potential (RMP) of VSMC of rat CBA were detected in vitro. Results: In the presence of 3×10-5 mol/L Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase) and 1×10-5 mol/L Indomethacin (Indo, an inhibitor of PGI2 synthesis), the global cerebral I/R markedly enhanced 1×10-7-1×10-5 mol/L acetylcholine (Ach)-elicited relaxation and hyperpolarization of RMP of VSMC in rat CBA. In the presence of L-NAME and Indo, 11-2 700 mg/L TFR induced significant and dose-dependent hyperpolarization of RMP of VSMC and relaxation of rat CBA subjected to global cerebral I/R. The hyperpolarization and relaxation were obviously inhibited by tetraethylammonium (an inhibitor IKCa at 1 mmol/L) and 1×10-4 mol/L dl-propargylglycine (PPG), an inhibitor of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) synthase. Conclusion: Global cerebral I/R could enhance the non-NO-non-PGI2-mediated responses of hyperpolarization and vasorelaxation in rat CAB. In rat CAB subjected to global cerebral I/R, TFR could significantly induce this non-NO-non-PGI2 hyperpolarization and relaxation, the so-called EDHF response that might be mediated by endogenous H2S.

The overall situation of projects of ethnomedicine and ethnopharmacology funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) since 2008 has been presented in this paper. The main source of characteristics and innovation of the funded projects were summarized, which may come from several aspects, such as the ethnomedical theories, the dominant diseases of ethnomedicine, special diseases in ethnic minorities inhabited areas, unique ethnomedical therapy, special methods for applying medication, endemic medicinal materials in ethnic minorities inhabited areas, same medicinal materials with different applications. Examples have been provided to give references to the applicants in the fields of ethnomedicine and ethnopharmacology.
Biomedical Research ; economics ; organization & administration ; China ; Ethnopharmacology ; economics ; organization & administration ; standards ; Financial Management ; Humans ; Medicine, Traditional ; economics ; standards ; Natural Science Disciplines ; economics

The Roles of the clinicians in different medical models are quite different,which not only led to the change of the relationship between the clinicians and the patients, but also had a significant clinical effect. The authors compared the clinicians'role in different medical models and showed the humanism underlying this change.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics of domestic nimodipin capsule in 12 healthy volunteers.METHO_DS:An oral dose of 60mg nimodipin capsule was given to healthy volunteers,and plasma concentrations of nimodipin were determined by HPLC.The data were fitted by 3p97 program.RESULTS:The results showed that the plasma concentration-time curves profile conformed to a two compartment open model.The T1/2?,Tmax,Cmax,AUC(0～6) of this product was(2.53?1.18)h,(0.42?0.14)h,(75.41?27.65)ng/ml and (155.85?49.54)ng/(h?ml),respectively.CONCLUSION:Retention time of this preparation in healthy volunteers is short with Tmax of about 0.4h,which provides useful information for clinical practice.

After more than 30 years of development, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) has become one of the main treatments of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in the world. It is the wide application of this technology that makes breakthrough in SDB treatment, and has given rise to a new interdisciplinary area sleep medicine. In China, sleep medicine started in late of 1980's, in recent years, with the development of economy and the improvement of recognization, the application of NPPV in Chinese market has become one of the fastest growing in the world. NPPV technology also extends gradually to the treatments of patients with respiratory failure due to different causes, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome and COPD.
China ; Humans ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; therapy ; Sleep Medicine Specialty ; trends

Objective To assess the effects of hypothermia induced by 4 ℃ normal saline (NS) on biochemical function, enzymology and morphology of liver in swine after the success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for cardiac arrest(CA). Method The swine were resuscitated with standard CPR 4 minutes after ventricular fibrillation(VF) ,and the survived swine were randomly(random number) divided into two groups. In hypothermia(LT) group (n = 5), swine were treated with continuous infusion of 4 ℃ NS at the speed of 1.33 mL/(kg·min) for 22 min, and then slow the speed to 10 mL/(kg·h) for 4 h. In normothermia (NT) group ( n= 5) swine were treated with the infusion of NS with room temperature instead of cryogenic NS at the same speed as the LT group. The hemodynamics and the changes of blood gas were monitored until 4 h after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and blood samples were taken to detect serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) before VFand 10 min, 2 h and 4 h after ROSC. All swine were sacrificed 24 hours after ROSC, and their liver tissues were taken away for detecting Na+ -K + -ATP enzyme and Ca2+ -ATP enzyme as well as the histological changes under both light and electron microscopy. ResultsThe heart rate, MAP, cardiac output(CO) and coronary perfusion pressure(CPP) of swine were stable in LT group ( P ＞ 0.05). The AST, ALT and LDH increased in both groups but less in LT group. The hepatic ATP enzyme activity was much higher in LT group ( P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the NT group, there were less cellularedema,necrosis or inflammatory cells infiltration, and better morphosis of mitochondria of livers found in swine of LT group. Conclusions The continuous administration of 4 ℃ NS after ROSC could quickly lower the core body temperature, and it could keep hemodynamics and oxygen metabolisms stable, protecting the biochemical function,enzymology and morphology of liver in swine after CPR.

Objective To investigate the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of superior vena cava and auxiliary branchs thrombosis in hemodialysis patients with internal jugular venous indwelling catheter. Methods A total of 43 cases on hemodialysis (HD) with indwelling short-term catheter in internal jugular vein from June to December in 2007 were enrolled in this study. The clinical data and biochemical indicators were collected to investigate the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of venous thrombosis around indwelling catheter, such as, superior vena cava and auxiliary branehs in these patients. Results Short-term double Iumen internal jugular venous catheter were placed in 43 HD patients. Different degrees of central vein thrombosis were found in 21 of the 43 HD patients (48.8%). The ratio of thrombosis in jugular vein, brachiocephalic vein, subclavical vein and uperior vena cava was 100% (21/21), 28.6% (6/21), 23.8%(5/21) and 19.0%(4/21), respectively. Ten of the 21 HD patients (47.6%) with central vein thrombosis presented clinical symptoms. Five cases developed edema of the upper extremity, 2 cases had new-onset symptom's pulmonary embolism, and 3 eases developed blood overflowed from inlet port of circum-catheter. The ratio of diabetes mellitus, malignant tumor, the prevalence of increased level of serum lipoprotein a and plasma homocysteic acid were significantly higher in the HD patients with central vein thrombosis than that in those without central vein thrombosis. The odds ratio of diabetes mellitus, malignant tumor, high serum lipoprotein a and high plasma homocysteic acid was 5.758, 4.750, 6.967 and 8.533, respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of central vein thrombosis in HD patients with short-term indwelling catheter in internal jugular vein is quite high. Its clinical symptom is insidious but dangerous. Diabetes mellitus, malignant tumor, high serum lipoprotein a and high plasma homocysteic acid may be the important risk factors of central vein thrombosis in above HD patients.