Objective To determine the time course of fecal calprotectin (FC) excretion in preterm infants in the first two weeks of life and to identify influencing factors of FC levels.To explore whether FC may be an useful marker for the identification of gastrointestinal conditions in preterm infants.Methods FC concentration was measured using ELISA in 141 samples (50-100 mg)obtained from 47 preterm infants(gestational age less than 32 weeks or birth weight less than 1 200 grams)at birth,on day 7 and on day 14(The following was called FC1,FC2 and FC3 level for short).Results FC3 level was significantly higher than FC1 and FC2 levels (P ＜0.05),there were no significant differences between FC1 and FC2 levels in the 47 preterm infants(P ＞ 0.05).The FC1 level in infants whose mothers had antenatal infection was significantly higher(P ＜ 0.05).The FC2 level was negatively correlated with the antibiotic courses(r =-0.325,P ＜ 0.05).The FC2 level in infants with feeding intolerance was significantly lower than that in infants with feeding tolerance(P ＜ 0.05).The FC2 level in infants with feeding tolerance and the FC3 level in infants with feeding intolerance were positively correlated with the volume of enteral feeds,respectively (r =0.433,0.479,P ＜ 0.05).Contusion Antenatal infection and postnatal enteral feeds may lead to an increase in the excretion of FC in preterm infants.FC level was associated with enteral feeding and may be a useful marker for evaluation of gastrointestinal function in preterm infants.

Since last century, drug discovery efforts mostly focus on searching for chemicals which can inhibit some specific steps in a well-described disease pathway. However, this kind of highly specific inhibitors can not be effective for complex diseases, like cancer, diabetes, schizophrenia and mental illness. Therefore, we need to rethink the drug discovery and therapeutic strategies. In this review, the strategies of selection of cellular signal transduction networks and their dynamics as the targets for drug discovery and pharmacological treatments will be discussed. The properties and analytical methods of these signal transduction networks, internet sources and software tools for performing these strategies will be described. Strategies and procedures of using network-based drug discovery will be emphasized, including multi-targets drug design and network-based drug discovery.

Since last century, drug discovery efforts mostly focus on searching for chemicals which can inhibit some specific steps in a well-described disease pathway. However, this kind of highly specific inhibitors can not be effective for complex diseases, like cancer, diabetes, schizophrenia and mental illness. Therefore, we need to rethink the drug discovery and therapeutic strategies. In this review, the strategies of selection of cellular signal transduction networks and their dynamics as the targets for drug discovery and pharmacological treatments will be discussed. The properties and analytical methods of these signal transduction networks, internet sources and software tools for performing these strategies will be described. Strategies and procedures of using network- based drug discovery will be emphasized, including multi-targets drug design and network-based drug discovery.

Objective To develop an analytical method by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) for the determination of organic chloride pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in prophyra Methods The samples were extracted by an acetone-hexane(7∶3,V/V) mixture first,then were purified by C18 solid-phase extraction(SPE),and then were determined with GC-MS.Results The linear range was 0.01-5.0 ?g/ml,the limits of detection were 0.05-0.32 ng/g(dry weight) and 0.25-0.56 ng/g(dry weight)for organic chloride pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons respectively.The recovery rates and relative standard deviation for organic chloride pesticides were 74.27%-121.49% and 3.19 %-17.31% relatively;the recovery rates and relative standard deviation for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were 65.10%-119.26% and 2.75%-14.11% relatively.Organic chloride pesticides were partly detected,but the detection rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was higher.Fifteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in all samples but dibenz(a,h)-anthracene.Conclusion This method is sensitive,accurate and applicable to the determination of organic chloride pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in prophyra.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the testing method of the related substances in nifedipine sustained-release tablets (Ⅰ).METHODS:The chromatographic condition was in line with the "State Drug Standard".In computing the contents of foreign substances,the standard of "it is negligible if the peak area of foreign substances was less than 10% of the peak area of Nifedipine in the standard solution" was improved to be "it is negligible if the peak area of foreign substances was less than 2%of the peak area of Nifedipine in the standard solution".RESULTS:The contents of the foreign substances determined in accordance with the "National Drug Standard" weresignificantly different from those determined by the improved method (0.00%,0.08%,0.29%,0.14 % vs.0.10%,0.21%,0.51%,0.27%,respectively).CONCLUSION:The improved method can help improve the standard drug quality in that the contents of the foreign substances can be strictly kept under control.

Objective To investigate the incidence of adult epilepsy patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the characteristics of ADHD subtypes, and to explore the correlations between several epilepsy-related factors and ADHD. Methods According to corresponding inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, 82 adult epilepsy patients from March 2012 to March 2016 were enrolled as study group. Eighty-two healthy adults were enrolled as the control group. Using the Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis and the other statistical methods, the phenomenon of ADHD in adults with epilepsy and the factors that may contribute to the phenomenon was analyzed. Results The detection rate of ADHD in 82 adult patients with epilepsy was 26.8%(22/82), significantly higher than that in the heathly control group which was 4.9%(4/82),χ2=18.672, P<0.05. Symptomatic epilepsy 8/17 and the electroencephalogram showed multifocal discharge 6/14 had higher detection rate of comorbid ADHD and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that epilepsy age of onset was possibly an important factor for epilepsy with ADHD (B=-0.891, P<0.05). Conclusions The risk of ADHD in adults with epilepsy is higher than that in the healthy adults and attention-deficit is the common subtype. The etiology, age of onset and electroencephalogram features of adults with epilepsy may be associated with the occurrence of ADHD.

Aorta, Thoracic ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; abnormalities ; Recurrence ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; etiology ; Respiratory Sounds ; etiology ; Subclavian Artery ; abnormalities ; Vascular Diseases ; complications ; congenital ; diagnosis ; pathology ; physiopathology

Objective To investigate the morbidity rate and risk factors of post-stroke depression in middle-aged and elderly per-sons with the stroke .Methods From March 2011 to March 2012 ,68 cases of stroke patients were followed up for 6 months after the first stroke .Hamilton Depression Scale-17 ,Activity of Daily Living Scale ,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ,Scores of Neuro-logical Deficit and Family APGAR Index were used to investigate the morbidity rate and risk factors of PSD in 6 months after the attack of stroke .Results The morbidity rate of PSD was 36 .76% (25/68) in 6 months after the first stroke .Logistic regression a-nalysis indicated that the morbidity rate of PSD was without a clear relationship with age ,whether or not combined with basic disea-ses ,personality ,daily life ability and neurologic impairment .It was closely related with stroke position ,gender ,economy and family care .Conclusion The morbidity rate of PSD is considerable and the major risk factors of PSD are female ,left brain stroke ,poor e-conomic condition and lack of family care .

Objective To study the TCM syndrome distribution and characteristics of pregnant patients with cold in Panzhihua region;To provide evidence for prevention and treatment of this disease.Methods Totally 107 pregnant patients with cold were analyzed to obtain TCM syndrome data and summarize the distribution and characteristics of this disease.Results The syndromes of 107 cases of pregnancy cold, from high to low were sore throat (64.49%), thirst (62.62%), nasal congestion (61.68%), cough (59.81%), runny nose (55.15%), and defense phase symptoms such as sore throat, thirst and nasal congestion were obvious. The main TCM syndrome was wind-heat syndrome, accounting for 82.24%. The incidence rates of early pregnancy (<12weeks), midtrimester pregnancy (13-27 weeks), and late pregnancy (>28 weeks) were 32.71% (35/107), 44.86% (48/107), and 22.43% (24/107), respectively. The incidence rates of early pregnancy and midtrimester pregnancy were higher than that of late pregnancy (P<0.05). The incidence rates were 53.27% (57/107) in spring and summer and 46.73% (50/107) in autumn and winter, with statistical significance (P<0.01). The incidence of wind-heat syndrome in spring and summer was 62.5% (55/88),Conclusion The most common syndrome in pregnancy cold was wind-heat syndromes. The most common characteristics were warm, hot and dry. Early or middle pregnant patients were more likely to catch cold in spring and summer. The syndrome distribution and characteristics were relevant to local environment and climate factors.