OBJECTIVETo develop a life quality scale suitable for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients, objectively reflecting its changes.

METHODSAuthors first put forward a theoretical structure model of a scale according to patient-reported outcome (PRO) scale formulation principle by combining basic theories of Chinese medicine (CM). Then authors developed an initial scale on the basis of various life quality scales for respiratory disease patients by using structural decision making. Totally 34 patients with confirmed diagnosis of IPF were tested by questionnaire. Items were screened using expert importance scoring method, factor analysis, correlation coefficient method, Cronbach's alpha coefficient method. IPF patient reported outcomes (IPF PRO, IP) were finally defined.

RESULTSA new IP scale was developed covering three areas and 38 items. Pearson correlation coefficient for correlation analysis of clinical symptom scores in ST-George Respiratory Questionnaire and IP scale was 0.828 (P < 0.01). Pearson correlation coefficient for correlation analysis of activity ability scores was 0.929 (P < 0.01). Pearson correlation coefficient for correlation analysis of total scores was 0.862 (P < 0.01). By reliability of IP scale itself (reliability) analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.713. By using factor analysis method for data analysis, KMO statistics was 0.902.

CONCLUSIONIP scale fully reflected the connotation of IPF patients' quality of life, so it could be used as CM clinical therapeutic effect evaluation tool.

Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ; diagnosis ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Quality of Life ; Reproducibility of Results ; Research Design ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective:A remote monitoring system for ICU is designed.Methods: By technology of RFID-based internet of things, data processing software platform is designed. Combined with RFID tags, readers etc., ICU patients are effectively identified and identifying information transmission and computer management are complied. And then a remote monitoring system for ICU is achieved.Results: The system realizes the ICU remote monitoring and effective prevention of nosocomial infections, and meets the families of patients remote access needs; the system can integrate with HIS/CIS seamlessly to enhance the ICU clinical services integrated computerized management further.Conclusion: The remote monitoring system for ICU by technology of RFID-based internet of things, with strong practicability, can be widely applied.

Objective To discuss the feasibility and clinical value of percutaneous transluminal stenting (PTS) for the treatment of central venous obstruction (CVO) in hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula (AVF).Methods The clinical data of 10 hemodialysis patients with AVF complicated by CVO were retrospectively analyzed.Clinically,all patients presented as swollen hand syndrome.Preoperative or intraoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed to determine the obstruction site,and based on the disease condition the appropriate surgical approach was employed.For patients having thrombus formation,catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) was carried out first.For patients having severe stenosis or occlusion of veins,pre-expansion with small diameter balloon was employed before PTS.For the remaining patients,PTS was directly performed.All patients were regularly followed up after operation.Results DSA showed that brachiocephalic vein occlusion and/or occlusion or stenosis of subclavian vein,internal jugular vein and superior vena cava were observed in 5 patients who had history of internal jugular vein catheterization,while localized severe stenosis of medial segment of AVF-side subclavian vein was detected in the other 5 patients who had no history of internal jugular vein catheterization.The technical success rate of PTS was 100％ (10/10).A total of 19 stents were implanted in the 10 patients.Seven months after the treatment,one patient developed in-stent re-stenosis,and PTS had to be carried out again.Primary patcncy rates at 6 months and 12 months after the treatment were 100％ (8/8) and 75％ (3/4) respectively.Conclusion In hemodialysis patients with AVF,CVO is mainly characterized by obstructive or severely stenotic lesions.PTS carries higher success rate with satisfactory short-term and mid-term effect,its complications are slight and mild,and the technique is safe and feasible.Therefore,PTS can be used as the preferred treatment method.

Objective To understand the career needs of the first session specialist nurses of intensive care unit (ICU) in Jiangxi province and to provide reference for their career management.Methods A qualitative research based on phenomenology was adopted.The first session specialist nurses of ICU in Jiangxi province were enrolled and received in-depth interviews.Results Three themes were found,including career identity needs,career development needs and career management needs.Conclusions Nursing managers should understand the ICU specialist nurses' real feelings and developing career management strategies.

OBJECTIVETo confirm the inhibitory effect of Chinese herbs of acid taste on melanin synthesis.

METHODSActive ingredients of 22 kinds Chinese herbs of acid tastes were extracted by alkali extraction and acid precipitation, alcohol extraction, and water extraction, respectively, which was then dispensed into 25.00, 12.50, and 6.25 g/L suspension. Their effects on activities of tyrosinase were detected using mushroom-tyrosinase-DOPA speed oxidation. Their inhibition rates on activities of tyrosinase were respectively compared with inhibition rates of 1.0, 0.5, and 0.1 mmol/L arbutin.

RESULTSThe 22 kinds Chinese herbs of acid taste included Cornus Officinalis, Crataegus pinnatifida, dark plum fruit, Schisandra Chinensis, Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne, Reynoutria japonica Houtt, Achyranthes Bidentata, Sanguisorba officinalis L., Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, Herba Ecliptae, blueberry, immature bitter orange, submature bitter orange, Prunus mume Var, Hovenia acerba Lindl., Fructus Mori, Pomegranate Rind, white paeony root, Rosa laevigata Michx., Portulaca oleracea L, Terminalia chebula Retz, Rhus chinensis Mill. Their alkaline extractions showed inhibition to activities of tyrosinase to different degrees except Herba Ecliptae. Of them, the highest inhibition rate (88.49% ± 9.98%) was got by dark plum fruit at 25 g/L, while the lowest inhibition rate (11.22% ± 3.36%) was got by immature bitter orange at 6.25 g/L. Their alcohol extractions showed inhibition to activities of tyrosinase to different degrees except Herba Ecliptae. Of them, the highest inhibition rate (75.92% ± 5.57%) was got by Hovenia acerba Lindl. at 25 g/L, while the lowest inhibition rate (9.60% ± 1.15%) was got by submature bitter orange at 6.25 g/L. Their water extractions all had inhibition on activities of tyrosinase. Of them, the highest inhibition rate (54.23% ± 3.56%) was got by Fructus Mori at 25 g/L, while the lowest inhibition rate (10.25% ± 1.83%) was got by Semen Ziziphi Spinosae at 6.25 g/L. Compared with 1 mmol/L arbutin water solution, alkaline extractions of dark plum fruit, Schisandra Chinensis, Rhus chinensis Mill., Rosa laevigata Michx., blueberry, Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne, Portulaca oleracea L, Fructus Mori, Achyranthes Bidentata, Pomegranate Rind; alcohol extractions of dark plum fruit, Rhus chinensis Mill., Pomegranate Rind, Hovenia acerba Lindl., Crataegus pinnatifida, Achyranthes Bidentata; water extractions of Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne, blueberry, and Fructus Mori at 25 g/L got obviously higher inhibition rates (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with 0.5 mmol/L arbutin water solution, alcohol extraction of Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne and alcohol extraction of dark plum fruit at 12.5 g/L got obviously higher inhibition rates (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONChinese herbs of acid taste could inhibit melanin synthesis, and its mechanism was related to inhibiting activities of tyrosinase.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Melanins ; metabolism ; Monophenol Monooxygenase ; metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Schisandra ; Taste

Objective In order to provide best nursing services to transfusion patients in OPD, demands of transfusion patients in OPD and cognition of nurses to these demands were investigated. Methods By us-ing self- designed questionnaires which were modified and evaluated by specialists. Its coefficients of relia-bility and validity were above 0.91. Information about demands of transfusion patients in OPD and cognition of nurses to these demands were gathered and statistically analyzed. Results The investigation results showed that demands of patients in OPD were much higher than nurses' perceptibility. And there were dif-ferences among all kinds of patients. Conclusions Transfusion patients in OPD need better services. There exists differences between demands of patients and cognition of nurses to these demands. In order to give better nursing services, nurses should give intensive care to patients on safe, love and home, respect and self- actualization.

AIM: To investigate the effects of antagonistic peptide specifically binding to the second extracellular loop of CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) on inflammatory cell infiltration and TNF-α expression in lung tissues of asthmatic mice.METHODS: The asthmatic model of BALB/c mice was induced by ovalbumin (OVA) and the optimal sensitization concentration of OVA was screened.After modeling, the mice were intervened by gradual concentrations of antagonistic peptide via tail-vein injection.The pathocytological analysis and grading were performed in the lung tissues with HE staining.The expression of TNF-α at mRNA and protein levels in the lung tissues was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot.RESULTS: The optimal concentration of OVA was 500 mg/L (0.1 mL) as this concentration of OVA stably induced moderate degree of inflammation in the BALB/c mice.Treatment with different concentrations (1.5 g/L, 2.5 g/L and 3.5 g/L) of antagonistic peptide at 0.2 mL through tail-vein injection inhibited the expression of TNF-α, and markedly reduced the degree of inflammation in the lung tissues.The optimal concentration of antagonistic peptide was 2.5 g/L as the lung inflammation degree in 2.5 g/L group alleviated by 2 grades, and the number of inflammatory cells was also significantly reduced.Moreover, the mRNA expression abundance of TNF-α was nearly decreased by 90%, and the protein expression of TNF-α was decreased by 70% compared with model group.Meanwhile, the use of antagonistic peptide at 2.5 g/L before OVA stimulation confirmed the preventive function to some degree.In this group, the lung inflammation degree alleviated by 1 grade, and the expression of TNF-α at both mRNA and protein levels decreased by nearly 50%.CONCLUSION: The antagonistic peptide of CCR5 effectively inhibits the expression of TNF-α and relieves the inflammation in the asthmatic mouse lung tissues in a concentration-dependent manner.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the preparation process of Naringin liposome gel,and to establish the quality control method of the gel. METHODS:The preparation method of Naringin liposome was investigated by single factor test with encapsula-tion percentage as index. The phosphatide concentration,the proportion of phosphatide to cholesterol and the proportion of phospha-tide to drug in the liposomes were optimized by orthogonal design. Using formability,spread performance and stability as compre-hensive evaluation indicator,the dosage of carbopol and triethanolamine and drug-loading amount in the gels were optimized by or-thogonal design. The quality control method of the gel was established preliminarily. RESULTS:Naringin liposomes were prepared by the method of ethanol injection;the optimal formulation of the liposomes was as follows as phosphatide 30 mg/ml,the propor-tion of phosphatide to cholesterol 3∶1,the proportion of phosphatide to drug 10∶1;that of the gels was as follows as carbopol 0.30 g,triethanolamine 1.0 g,drug-loading amount 1.0 g/20 g. Average encapsulation efficiency of validation test was 40.19% for Lipo-some(RSD=0.10%,n=3);comprehensive score was 9.8,average content of naringin was 0.58%(accounting for 96.67% of la-bel amount)for gels. The quality control method of the preparation was established,i.g. identification,content determination. CON-CLUSIONS:The optimal preparation formulation is feasible,and the preparation is controllable in quality.

Purpose To investigate the multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) features ofchromophobe renal cell carcinoma (CCRC),renal oncocytoma (RO) and clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) for the improvement of its diagnostic accuracy.Materials and Methods The MSCT data of 15 CCRC cases,8 RO cases,and 29 CCRCC cases confirmed by surgery or pathology at Dong H ua Hospital from October 2012 to April 2016 were retrospectively studied.The CT signs of different tumors were compared.Results Most CCRCC cases had cystic degenerations,which showed significant difference with CCRC and RO cases (P＜0.05);RO cases were found mostly with star-shaped scars,which had significant difference with CCRCC cases (P＜0.05);the enhanced scanning showed most of CCRC were enhanced homogeneously,which presented significant difference from CCRCC (P＜0.05).The lesion-kidney-ration (LKR) of CCRCC at cortical phase,parenchymal phase or excretory phase was significantly different from that of CCRC (P＜0.05);the LKR of CCRCC at cortical phase was significantly different from that of RO (P＜0.05);the LKR of CCRC at the three phases were all significantly different from that of RO (P＜0.05).The average △ LKR value of CCRCC was significantly different from that of CCRC and RO (P＜0.05);there was a certain degree of difference distribution of their △ LKR among the three kinds of cases.Taking CCRCC as object,when the LKR at cortical phase was 0.693 or △ LKR was 0.068,the sensitivity reached 93.3％ and the specificity reached 72.2％ or 88.9％ respectively in evaluating the differential diagnosis of CCRC and RO.Taking RO as object,when the LKR was 0.656 at cortical phase or was 0.595 at parenchymal phase,the sensitivity reached 83.3％ and 91.7％ respectively,and the specificity was 75.0％ and 58.3％ respectively,in evaluating the differential diagnosis of CCRC.Conclusion Enhanced MSCT at different phases,especially the calculation of LKR and △ LKR value,can benefit the diagnosis of CCRC,RO and CCRCC.