Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic cancers in the world.Over the past few decades,there has been considerable research reporting on the mechanisms of cancer development and progression,with multiple nerve as well as neurotransmitters involved.Nerve innervation is also found in ovarian cancer.And in ovarian cancer,various nerves and neurotransmitters play different roles.They are involved in ovarian cancer cells'proliferation metastasis,apoptosis and changes in the tumor microenvironment.Further understanding of the role of these nerve endings in the development of ovarian cancer is essential for understanding the mechanisms of cancer progression.This will be important for subsequent research focusing on tumor regulation.While glucocorticoids and sympathetic nerve-released norepinephrine are able to promote ovarian cancer progression,serotonin may inhibit cancer cell growth.Also,parasympathetic and sensory nerves are capable of having either a positive or negative effect on ovarian tumors.These relevant studies offer the possibility of new therapeutic options for oncology,it may be possible to mitigate the progression of cancer with inexpensive receptor inhibitors or agonists.This will facilitate the subsequent exploration of therapeutic possibilities forovarian cancer and other cancer-related treatments.In this review,we also present some insights into the role of the nervous system in the regulation of ovarian cancer,which we hope will provide new insights into the innervation and progression of ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of puerarin on hyperglycemia in HFD mice and the role of GLP-1R signa-ling in modulating the hypoglycemic effect of puerarin.METHODS HFD induced diabetic mice was used as the subject,GLP-1 receptor antagonist Exendin 9-39(Ex 9-39)was used to block the activation of GLP-1R signaling,and in vivo experiments were performed to further evaluate the role of GLP-1R signaling in the hypoglycemic effect of puerarin.RESULTS The glu-cose homeostasis and the OGTT(oral glucose tolerance tests)of HFD mice were both improved by puerarin,while the effect was impaired by Ex 9-39 significantly.Moreover,puerarin increased serum insulin contents in HFD mice,but such effect was blocked by Ex 9-39 as well.Elevated expression of ki67 inβ-cells was observed in pancreatic sections from HFD mice pre-trea-ted with puerarin using Ki-67/insulin immunostaining,suggesting that puerarin could promoteβ-cell proliferation.The puerar-in effect was inhibited when the GLP-1R signaling activation was blocked by Ex9-39.CONCLUSION The results confirmed that the activation of GLP-1R signaling was critical for the anti-diabetic effects of puerarin on HFD induced diabetic mice.Our finding highlights the potential value of Radix puerariae as a dietary supplement for diabetes care.

BACKGROUNDThe mechanism of cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is not understood. Here, we hypothesized that apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by p53 and its target gene em dash p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) played an important role in development of cerebral vasospasm. We also observed the effects of a p53 inhibitor, pifithrin-alpha (PFT-alpha), on reducing the expression of p53 and PUMA, consequently decreasing the apoptosis of endothelial cells and alleviating cerebral vasospasm.

METHODSMale Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into five groups: a control group (sham surgery), a SAH group, a SAH+dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group, a SAH + PFT-alpha (0.2 mg/kg) group and a SAH + PFT-alpha (2.0 mg/kg) group. PFT-alpha was injected intraperitoneally immediately after SAH. Rats were sacrificed 24 hours after SAH. Western blot and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the levels of p53, PUMA and caspase-3 protein. In addition, mortality and neurological scores were assessed for each group. Statistical significance was assured by analysis of variance performed in one way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test. The neurological and mortality scores were analyzed by Dunn's method and Fisher exact test, respectively.

RESULTSAfter SAH, Western blot and immunohistochemical staining showed the levels of p53, PUMA and caspase-3 in the endothelial cells and the numbers of TdT mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) positive endothelial cells were all significantly increased in the basilar arteries (P<0.05), but significantly reduced by PFT-alpha (P<0.05). These changes were accompanied by increasing diameters and declining wall thickness of basilar arteries (P<0.05), as well as reduced mortality and neurological deficits of the rats (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPFT-alpha could protect cerebral vessels from development of vasospasm and improve neurological outcome as well as reduce the mortality via suppressing apoptosis induced by p53 in the endothelial cells of cerebral vessels.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Benzothiazoles ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Blotting, Western ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; complications ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Toluene ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; physiology ; Vasospasm, Intracranial ; prevention & control

Objective? To explore the posttraumatic growth of young maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods? From March 2017 to October 2017, we selected young MHD patients from 4 Class Ⅲ Grade A hospitals as subjects by convenience sampling. All of the patients were investigated with the general information questionnaire and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). The single factor analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of posttraumatic growth. Results? The score of PTGI of young MHD patients was (65.33±10.25). Multiple linear regression analysis showed the main four influencing factors of posttraumatic growth of young MHD patients included affording medical expense, course of hemodialysis, number of complications and disease knowledge (P＜0.05). Conclusions? Young MHD patients has a medium level of posttraumatic growth influenced by many factors. Clinical health care provides should carry out targeted intervention to promote individual posttraumatic growth.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk factors, clinical characteristics, precaution and treatment of hyper perfusion syndrome (HPS) after carotid artery stenting (CAS). METHODS: From September 2014 to March 2018, the clinical data of 226 patients with severe carotid stenosis (70%-99%) treated with carotid artery stenting (CAS)at Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, were analyzed retrospectively．Five of them developed HPS after CAS．The relationship between the clinical baseline data, imaging characteristics, perioperative management and HPS were assessed. RESULTS: In this group, 5 patients of them (2.21%, 5/226) developed HPS after CAS, and 2 patients of them (0.88%, 2/226) were hyper perfusion induced intracranial hemorrhage (HICH). The 5 patients consisted of 4 men and 1 woman whose age ranged from 58 to 74 years. The symptoms of HPS occurred within 4 hours to 3 days after CAS. Among the 5 cases, the clinical manifestations were that 2 cases with headache, 1 case with delirium,1 case with hemiparesis of left limbs, and 1 case with coma(died ultimately).The main manifestations of case 1 and case 2 were headache in the frontal parietal temporal region of the operative side, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The symptoms were relieved after blood pressure lowering treatment and mannitol dehydration. The main manifestations of case 3 were excitement and delirium. The symptoms were relieved by a small dose of sedatives, also with blood pressure lowering treatment and mannitol dehydration. The initial symptoms of case 4 were excitement and delirium, accompanied by mild headache of the operative side, and hemiplegia of the contralateral limb occurred within a short time. The main manifestation of case 5 was severe headache and went into deep coma within a short time. This patient died of massive cerebral hemorrhage ultimately. CONCLUSION HPS is an uncommon but serious complication after CAS. Improving our understanding and heightening vigilance of HPS is necessary. The earlier diagnosis, the earlier treatment.
Aged ; Carotid Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Carotid Stenosis/surgery* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents

OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of Neuroform EZ stent used in treatment of symptomatic complex severe intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). METHODS: Clinical data of 18 patients with symptomatic complex severe ICAS undergoing Neuroform EZ stent angioplasty from January 2016 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. All the lesions of the patients in this group were considered as complex ICAS, i.e. with severe tortuous access, long (>10 mm) or occlusive or bifurcation lesions, with concurrent aneurysms near the stenotic lesion. The primary outcome was defined as any stroke (including ischemic or hemorrhagic) or deaths from any cause after stenting procedure within 30 days. The secondary outcome was defined as successful revascularization and occurrence of >50% in-stent restenosis during the follow-up period. RESULTS: All the 18 patients achieved technical success (100%) and mean stenosis rate was reduced from 85%±7% to 18%±6%. Of the 18 patients included, the 30-day stroke or death was 5.6% (1/18), which presented as basal ganglia region infarction in a patient with tandem lesions on the left vertebral artery. There was no hemorrhagic and death complications that occurred in the patients of this group. One concurrent aneurysm was embolized with micro coil (stent assisted) by stages after 1 month. In this group 12 patients were followed up with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) after hospital discharge. The follow-up period ranged from 8 months to 26 months [mean: (16±8) months]．During the follow-up period 2 patients in the 12 patients (2/12, 16.7%) developed in-stent restenosis (ISR) confirmed by DSA, and one of them was symptomatic restenosis and restored unobstructed blood flow after balloon angioplasty. CONCLUSION Neuroform EZ stent for the treatment of highly screened symptomatic complex severe ICAS is safe and effective. It has its advantages over traditional stent.
Cerebral Angiography ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To identify and analyze 3D architecture of the mutational sites of susceptible genes in a pedigree with familial hypercholesterolemia-like phenotype (FHLP). Methods: This is a case series study. A pedigree with suspected familial hypercholesterolemia was surveyed. The proband admitted in Beijing Anzhen Hospital in April 2019. Whole-exome sequencing was performed to determine the mutational sites of susceptible genes in the proband. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing was used to verify the pathogenic variant on proband's relatives. The structural and functional changes of the proteins were analyzed and predicted by Discovery Studio 4.0 and PyMol 2.0. Results: The patients in the pedigree showed abnormal lipid profiles, especially elevated levels of total cholesterol(TC). The genetic screening detected the c.1330C>T SNP in the exon 8 of lipase C (LIPC) gene, this mutation leads to an amino acid substitution from arginine to cysteine at position 444 (Arg444Cys), in the proband and proband's father and brother. In this family, members with this mutation exhibited elevated TC, whereas lipid profile was normal from the proband's mother without this mutation. This finding indicated that LIPC: c.1330C>T mutation might be the mutational sites of susceptible genes. The analysis showed that Arg444Cys predominantly affected the ligand-binding property of the protein, but had a limited impact on catalytic function. Conclusion: LIPC: c.1330C>T is a new mutational site of susceptible genes in this FHLP pedigree.
Humans ; Male ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/genetics* ; Lipase/genetics* ; Lipids ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Proteins

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; Female ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; transmission ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Theoretical ; Sexual Partners ; Social Networking ; Unsafe Sex ; ethnology ; Young Adult

Introduction: During the early phase of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), there were various uncertainties, which had a detrimental impact on the prevalence of burnout among critical care personnel worldwide. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of burnout and its associated factors in critical care personnel involved in the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a single-center, cross-sectional study with 81 critical care personnel for a survey using Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with personal burnout. Results: More than half of the respondents were female (60.5%) over the age of 30 (61.7%), and 54.3% were medical doctors. A large number (72.8%) of the respondents experienced personal burnout, with twothirds of them experiencing work-related (65.4%) and client-related burnout (59.3%). Personal burnout was found to be associated with those who had children [OR: 11.31 (1.90, 67.37), p = 0.008], stayed with family, relatives, or friends [OR: 9.40 (1.27, 69.46), p = 0.028], were medical doctors [OR: 26.52 (2.79, 252.22), p = 0.004], worked more than 45 hours per week [OR: 8.68 (1.45, 58.09), p = 0.018], and previously never had COVID-19 viral test [OR: 6.93 (1.17, 40.89), p = 0.033]. Conclusion: Overall, more than half of the critical care personnel experienced burnout. There were possible associations between personal burnout with social characteristics such as having children and living with family, relatives, or friends, and occupational characteristics such as being a medical doctor, long working hours, and previously never had COVID-19 viral test.