In the past decades, epidemiological trends of the gastric cancer and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancer have changed all over the world. The morbidity and mortality of gastric cancer is on the decline, while the incidence and mortality of EGJ cancer is on the rise. This article summarizes the pathological types and the descriptive epidemiology, including the incidence, mortality, survival rate and its tendency in different gastric cancers and EGJ cancer. It also discusses the influencing factors of gastric cancer and EGJ cancer including environmental and genetic factors, which provides new ideas for the further study of the two kinds of cancers.

Asphyxia ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retropharyngeal Abscess ; complications ; therapy ; Subphrenic Abscess ; complications ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To analyze the effect of bortezomib together with dexamethsone on the treatment of refractory multiple myeloma.Methods Bortezomib at 1.3 mg/m2 iv drop 1 d,4 d,8 d,11 d.Dexamethasonc 20 mg/d,1～4 d,8～11 d,17～20 d.21 days are used as a course.For bi-course dexamethasone was given by 20 mg/d,at 1～4 d.Results After 2～6 periods,3 cases achieved completely recovery(CR),4 cases are near to completely recovery(CR),3 cases got partially recovery(PR).Conclusion It is a good choice to treat refractory multiple myeloma by Bortezomib together with dexamethagone.

Objective To explore effect of Xylazine hydrochloride on Bama minipigs under general anesthesia. To emphasize safety consciousness of general anesthesia. To research cardiac main function and structure of normal Bama minipigs in preparation for the subsequent comparative medicine research. Methods 43 Bama minipigs, inject in post aurem muscles of neck with 5 mL of mixed drug conclude Xylazine hydrochloride (2 mL), Atropine Sulfate(1 mL) and Droperidol(2 mL) on each one. Echocardiography after general anesthesia. Observe induction and recovery time of anesthesia, anesthesia maintaining time, total check time and the others. Introduce the method of simple endotracheal intubation. Results Anesthesia, induction period (18 ±3)min, maintaining period (40 ±5)min, recovery period (60 ± 10)min. Echocardiography, LAD (2?54 ± 0?20) cm, LVDd (3?41 ± 0?25) cm, LVDs (2?28 ± 0?23) cm, IVSTd (0?60 ± 0?07) cm, LVPWTd (0?59 ± 0?07) cm, AoD (1?77 ± 0?18) cm, EDV (48?59 ± 8?31) cm, ESV (18?28 ± 4?46) mL, SV ( 39?30 ± 5?16 ) mL, LVEF ( 62?76 ± 5?01 )%. Conclusions Intramuscular injection of xylazine hydrochloride with droperidol and atropine sulfate on bama minipigs for general anesthesia is a highly conserved specie in cardiovascular system and safe. We obtained some information of cardiac main function and structure of normal Bama minipigs which could provide reference for scientific research and veterinarian clinic.

The development of the medical information platform of Henan province is cited as an example,to probe into the organization model of the platform,and the operating and organization model of third-party medical information providers,based on a description of the connotation and development status of the platform,and in consideration of the basic features,technology architecture and key technology requirements of such a platform.

Objective To observe how brain death affects the hepatic morphology and function of pigs and explore the roles of NF-κB. Methods Under general anaesthesia twelve healthy pigs were allocated randomly to two groups:control group(6 pigs),with non-inflacted Foley balloon catheter placed in the cerebral ventricle for 24 h,and brain death group,6 pigs,with estabhshment of brain death for 24 h.The serum and hepatic tissues in the same locus were taken at 6 h,12 h,and 24 h after the initial conformation of brain death.AST and ALT were determined by automatic biochemistry analyzer.IL-1βwas determined by ELISA.The NF-κB mRNA was determined by Real-time PCR and the NF-κB p65 by immunohistochemistry. Results The AST,ALT,IL-1β in serum,the NF-κB mRNA and the NF-κB p65 in hepatic tissues in brain death group were higher than those in control group and they all increased with the time(P<0.05).In brain death group,hepatocytes were edematous lightly after 12 hours,and the swelling progressively deteriorated after 24 hours,but there were no necrosis. Conclusion The activated NF-κB by brain death promoted the synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators,resulting in the hepatic dysfunction.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of SpyGlass-guided laser lithotripsy for large common bile duct (CBD) stones with diameter>2 cm.Methods:From August 2015 to August 2018, a total of 157 patients with large CBD stones at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into SpyGlass group ( n=78, underwent SpyGlass-guided laser lithotripsy) and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) group ( n=79, underwent LCBDE) by using random numbers. Non-inferiority test was used for rates of one-time stone removal and total stone removal, and the non-inferiority margin was set to 10%. The transform rate, incidence of short-term complications, hospital stay, and quality of life (assessed by the gastrointestinal quality of life index) were compared between the two groups. Results:The total success rates of stone clearance were 92.3% (72/78) and 96.2% (76/79) in the SpyGlass group and LCBDE group, respectively ( P=0.023), with valid non-inferiority hypothesis. The one-time stone removal rates were 83.3% (65/78) and 96.2% (76/79), respectively ( P=0.124), with invalid non-inferiority hypothesis. There were no significant differences in the incidence of transform [7.7% (6/78) VS 3.8% (3/79), P=0.294] or short-term complications [5.1% (4/78) VS 10.1% (8/79), P=0.246] between the two groups. Compared with the LCBDE group, the SpyGlass group had a shorter hospital stay (5.65±0.94 d VS 8.84±1.54 d, P=0.001) and higher scores of gastrointestinal quality of life index (1 month after operation: 99.85±4.36 VS 91.51±5.47, P=0.001; 3 months after operation: 131.24±3.32 VS 112.32±7.77, P=0.001). Conclusion:For large CBD stones, the efficacy of SpyGlass-guided laser lithotripsy is not inferior to LCBDE, and it is less invasive. In the future, SpyGlass-guided laser lithotripsy could be an important option for the treatment of large CBD stones.

AIM: To investigate hemodynamic alterations of retrobulbar vessels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR) patients with anterior segment neovascularization, before and 3mo after vitrectomy combined with panretinal photocoagulation and to explore the clinical significance.
●METHODS: Color Doppler flow imaging ( CDFl ) was used for measurement of blood flow velocities and resistive indexes ( Rl ) of the ophthalmic artery ( OA ) , short posterior ciliary arteries ( sPCA ) and central retinal artery ( CRA ) in 21 eyes of 21 PDR patients with anterior segment neovascularization. CDFl parameters were obtained before and 3mo after vitrectomy combined with panretinal photocoagulation ( PRP) .
● RESULTS: Peak systolic velocity ( PSV ) and end diastolic velocity ( EVD ) of CRA were significantly increased after surgeries, Rl were decreased significantly (P<0. 05). Parameters of sPCA and OA have no change after surgeries (P>0. 05).
●CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy combined with panretinal photocoagulation might increase the velocity of CRA, decrease Rl and improve ocular blood supply postoperatively. lt may delay or prevent the process of neovascular glaucoma.

Olfactory neuroblastoma is a rare malignant tumor. Although multiple therapeutic modalities including surgery, radio-therapy, or chemotherapy could be used in patients with olfactory neuroblastoma, no standardized treatment has been achieved. This re-view introduces a case of adult olfactory neuroblastoma treated by a multiple disciplinary team in Tianjin Medical University Cancer In-stitute and Hospital. This review also aims to explore a complete set of diagnostic and treatment practices for the benefit of future pa-tients.

Objective To investigate the effects of RNA interference targeting EphA7 gene on the growth of SMMC-7721 cell xenograft in nude mice.Methods Recombinant plasmid of EphA7 gene-targeting siRNA was transfected into hepatic cancer SMMC-7721 cells by LipofectamineTM2000,comparing with the empty vector transfected group,untransfected group and control group.The nude mice tumor model was established by subcutaneous injection of hepatic cancer cells in the left upper limb of the mice.Control group was injected with PBS as blank.Real-time PCR,immunohistochemistry and Western blot were employed to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of EphA7 in tumor tissues.The tumor formation time,tumor mass and weight of tumor were also considered in the analysis.Results About 9 ～ 12 days after the injection of tumor cells,the xenograft tumor formation can be observed around the injection site except the control group.35 days after tumor formation,there were obvious decreases in the tumor growth rate,tumor mass,as well as tumor weight in transfected group,comparing with empty vector transfected group and untransfected group (P ＜0.05).Transfection of RNA interference can inhibit the growth of xenograft tumor by 55％.Immunohistochemistry tests showed that there were less cells with positive staining of EPHA7 protein in transfected group,and the staining was lighter as pale yellow,in contrast with the untransfected group and the empty vector transfected group.Real-time PCR and Western blot revealed that the expression of EphA7 mRNA and EPHA7 protein of transfected group were significantly lower than those of untransfected group and empty vector trausfected group with statistically significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Silencing EphA7 gene with RNA interference can effectively inhibit the growth of SMMC-7721 cell in nude mice,which is expected to become a new target for gene therapy of hepatic cancer.