Objective To evaluate the feasibility of leucovorin(LCV) rescue protocol defined by us,we compared the plasma concentrations,toxicity,LCV doses of different high doses methotrexate(HD-MTX).Methods Seventeen children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 1 children with non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma were randomly treated with total 43 courses of HD-MTX.MTX plasma concentrations were measured by fluorescence polarization immuno-assay.Different LCV rescue protocols were prospectively defined for 3 kinds of HD-MTX protocols.Adjusting LCV dose by plasma MTX concentrations.Results No irreversible MTX-related toxicity was observed in all patients.Significant differences of mean steady-state plasma concentrations(Cpss) and total rescue doses were found between 3 groups(P

Bleeding Time ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; Humans ; von Willebrand Diseases ; diagnosis

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and the antibiotics resistance patterns in children with positive blood culture of Escherichia coli. Methods The clinical data of children with positive blood culture of Escherichia coli were retrospectively analyzed from Jan.2007 to Dec.2014. Results In a total of 154774 children who had blood culture in the study period, 8446 children were positive, among whom 408 (4.83%) children were isolated Escherichia coli. The children with the positive blood culture of Escherichia coli mainly were under one year old (51.72%), of which 36.77%was neonates. There were 275 children had underlying diseases, and the most common disease was Leukemia. 199 (48.77%) Escherichia coli strains were producing extended spectrumβ-lactamase (ESBLs) and 85.23%were resistant to ampicillin. All strains were susceptible to meropenem. Conclusions Septicemia caused by Escherichia coli is usually occurred in children with leukemia or in neonates. Since blood infections of Escherichia coil had high rate of ESBLs, the use of carbapenem antibiotics should be cautious.

AIM: To discuss the effects of preoperative vitreous cavity injection of ranibizumab on 25G minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery (VRS) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).METHODS: From February 2013 to December 2015,74 patients with PDR received VRS (82 eyes) were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into VRS + IVR group and VRS group according to preoperative VRS treatment.VRS+IVR group: preoperative injection of ranibizumab (10mg / mL) at 3-5d before operation;VRS group: VRS only.We recorded VRS operation time,filling situation,iatrogenic retinal hole and so on.RESULTS: The operation time and coagulation times of VRS+IVR group were significantly lower than VRS group.The two groups in operation time and coagulation times were statistically significant (all P<0.05).In the VRS+IVR group,the number of cases of iatrogenic retinal hole and the use of silicone oil were lower than those of VRS group,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).While the use number of C3F8 and perfusion fluid were not statistically significant (P>0.05).In VRS-IVR group within 3mo after operation,4 eyes appeared to vitreous body hematocele,VRS group was 13 eyes,the difference was statistically significant (x2=4.966,P<0.05).CONCLUSION: PDR patients with 25G minimally invasive VRS with preoperative therapy can reduce postoperative ocular bleeding,rate of retinal injury and silicone oil filling,shorten the operation time,the incidence rate and improve the success rate of surgery and reduce eye bleeding,postoperative complications such as adhesion.

Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by long duration of disease and latent onset. Risk prediction models have shown potential for f early diagnosis and early treatment of diseases and formulation of targeted interventions. There is an increase in researches on risk prediction models for T2DM during the recent years, which provides the basis for precision tertiary prevention of T2DM; however, most studies suffer from problems of small sample size, complicated variables and difficulty in extensive applications. This review summarizes the risk prediction models for T2DM based on economic and easily available routine physical examination indicators, so as to provide insights into further studies on easy-to-perform and -popularize risk prediction models for T2DM.

Objective:To develop an experimental three-dimensional model by ECV304 cells(human umbilical vein endothelial cell line) for investigating the mechanisms of angiogenesis in vitro.Methods:ECV304 cells were seeded onto three-dimensional collagen gels made of rat-tail collagen.When the endothelial cells were cultured and grown to near confluence,treated with bFGF for 3 to 12 days,and then assessed with inverted phase contrast microscope.Results:The endothelial cells migrated into the gels,formed complex networks by cell cords at different levels through the bottom view,and sprouted capillary-like structures through the side view.Conclusion:ECV304 cells are capable of expressing some early events of angiogenesis in the three-dimensional collagen gels:proliferating,migrating and sprouting and so on.It should be useful for studying angiogenesis in vitro.

AIM: To research the application analysis of trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification treating patients with primary angle-closed glaucoma ( PACG) and cataract.
METHODS: Seventy-three patients from September, 2011 to September, 2013, with primary angle- closed glaucoma and cataract, were selected in our research. Patients were all treated with trabeculectomy combined with ultrasonic emulsification, and the therapeutic effect was observed.
RESULTS: The effects of trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification treating primary angle-closed glaucoma and cataract in reducing intraocular pressure were better, and postoperative visual acuity results of the research objects were satisfactory. And it could deepen the central anterior chamber depth effectively. All the research objects had few complications.
CONCLUSION: Trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification treating primary angle - closed glaucoma and cataract can achieve a good result for reducing intraocular pressure, postoperative visual acuity recovery and correction, and the surgical success rate is high, with low complication rates. It is worthy of widely clinical application.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the application effect of rapid diagnostic techniques in Shaanxi from 2016 to 2020,and to provide basis for further optimizing the process of tuberculosis detection and formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods A total of 104 437 cases of tuberculosis patients registered in Shaanxi Province from 2016-2020 were exported from the Tuberculosis Information Management System (The subsystem of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System) according to first management unit, and the laboratory test results of sputum smear, sputum culture and molecular tests were collected to statistically analyzed the positive rate of etiology, sputum smear, sputum culture, molecular biology testing rate, and indicators of positive testing rate of tuberculosis patients. Results From 2016 to 2020, the etiology�positive rate of tuberculosis in Shaanxi province were 13.49% (2 664/19 754), 22.68% (5 081/22 401), 35.99% (8 232/22 876), 48.14% (10 438 / 21 682), 52.65% (9 332 / 17 724), respectively, with an increasing trend (χ2 trend=9 473.12, P<0.001) year by year; the proportion of molecular tests positive only in etiology-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) were 0 (0/2 664), 0.16% (8/5 081), 15.44% (1 271/8 232), 27.58% (2 879/10 438), 31.52% (2 941/9 332), respectively, with an increasing trend year by year (χ2 trend=2 971.44, P<0.001); the molecular test rates of the 5 years were 0.01% (2 / 19 754), 0.38%(85 / 22 401), 21.11% (4 828/22 876), 52.42%(11 365/21 682), 55.18%(9 780/17 724), respectively, with an increasing trend year by year (χ2 trend = 28 269.23, P<0.001). The rate of molecular test in sputum smear-negative was 22.72%(17 976 / 79 130). The proportion of patients with only molecular test-positive was 33.43% (4 032/12 062) in municipal designated hospitals, and 11.99%(2 279/ 19 014) in county-level designated hospitals, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =2 096.46, P<0.001). Conclusions The rate of molecular biology testing in Shaanxi Province from 2016 to 2020 showed a year-on-year increase. Through the application of rapid molecular tests, the etiology-positive rates of tuberculosis have been increased significantly,but the current molecular test detection rate is not high compared with other provinces, especially in county-level designated hospitals and smear-negative patients, so we should make a big promotion in application of rapid molecular technique.

Objective:To analyze the clinical and gene mutation characteristics of congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) caused by compound heterozygous mutation of the COG6 gene ( COG6-CDG). Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and genetic test results of a patient with COG6-CDG in Bayi Children's Hospital, the Seventh Affiliated Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, in August 2019. Literature was retrieved with keywords including COG6, COG6-CDG, congenital disorders of glycosylation typeⅡL and congenital disorders of glycosylationⅡL in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, PubMed, and Web of Science Database from the establishment to July 2020, to summarize the clinical and genetic characteristics of COG6-CDG. Results:(1) Case report: The 59-day-old baby boy, with a gestational age of 27 +5 weeks and birth weight of 1 180 g, presented with multi-system involvement on admission, including unidentified progressive hepatosplenomegaly with jaundice and ascites, persistent thrombocytopenia, microcephaly, hypotonia, hypohidrosis, hyperkeratosis, and recurrent hyperthermia, infection, and hypoglycemia, as well as dysfunctions of the heart, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, kidneys, ocular fundus, and the coagulation system. Despite given ventilator-assisted ventilation, anti-infection therapy, abdominal puncture and drainage, and blood transfusion, the patient still had an aggravated condition and eventually died of multiple organ failures 192 d after birth. Genetic analysis showed that the nuclear family carried compound heterozygous mutations in the COG6 gene (NM_020751.2), including missense mutations of c.662C>T(p.T221M) in exon 7 and c.443T>C(p.I148T) in exon 5, which were both novel mutations and originated from the mother and father, respectively. (2) Literature review: Eight related papers were retrieved, including 20 cases. The main manifestations were various degrees of nervous system abnormalities and growth retardation, complicated by abnormalities of the liver, heart, gastrointestinal tract, blood, immunity, teeth, and bones. All the reported cases suffered from mental and growth retardation, and nine deaths were reported. A total of 11 COG6 gene mutations were identified, and most of them were c.1167-24A>G splicing mutations in a deep intron (seven cases), followed by c.1646G>T (four cases) and c.511C>T (three cases). Conclusions:COG6-CDG commonly manifests as multi-system and multi-organ dysfunctions with poor prognosis. Gene detection is conducive to the accurate diagnosis of COG6-CDG. Our case carries compound heterozygous mutations of c.662C>T(p.T221M) and c.443T>C(p.I148T), which are unreported novel mutations.