Further study of the effect of monosodium glutamate on body temperature using rabbits as experimental model by repeatedly intravenous injection of MSG. The experimental results showed that the body temperature of rabbits were decreased significantly at a time of each day consecutively for three days with medium dose MSG(0.5g/kg/day) However, this effect was disappeared following the fourth administration of MSG a week later, and so did the fifth administration of MSG two weeks later. Those results suggested that the disappearance of decreased body temperature by MSG may be due to tolerance development after MSG was administrated repeatedly. The authors proposed two hypotheses of mechanisms for the development of MSG"tolerance". which would be investigated further.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation of the autophagy-associated gene Atg5 with the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.

METHODSUsing real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, we detected the expression of Atg5 in 50 cases of prostate intraepithelial neoplasm (PIN), 69 cases of prostate cancer (PCa), and 30 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

RESULTSThe expression level of Atg5 mRNA was significantly higher in PIN (5.270 ± 0.230) and PCa (5.131 ± 0.252) than in the BPH tissue (1.723 ± 0.017) (P <0.01), and so was the positive rate of the Atg5 expression in the patients of the PIN group (94%) and PCa group (88.4%) than in those of the BPH group (6.7%) (P<0.01), but with no statistically significant differences between the PIN and PCa groups (P >0.05). No significant correlation was observed between the expression of Atg5 and the Gleason score of PCa (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe upregulated expression of Atg5 might play a role in the tumorigenesis of prostate cancer.

Aged ; Autophagy ; Autophagy-Related Protein 5 ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; genetics ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Up-Regulation

Objective To compare the influence of different genotypes of hepatitis B virus to the body's immune function.Methods 377 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (serum HBV DNA are all positive)were selected.The serum specimens were collected.Nest PCR method was used to detect all entrants subtype HBV genotypes,ELISA method was used to detect serum levels of IL -10 and IL -17,fully automatic biochemical instrument was used to test all entrants liver function.Results Of 377 patients with chronic hepatitis B,C genotype in 323 cases,C2 type in 321 cases (85.1%),C1 type 2 cases (0.5%);Genotype B 41 cases (10.9%),were B2 subtype;B and C mixed 12 cases (3.2%);Type D in 1 case (0.3%).The sex,age,ALT,AST,TBIL of B2,C2 subtypes,BC mixed infection had no statistically significant differences.B2,C2 subtypes,BC mixed infection had no statistically significant difference in serum IL -17 level.And B2,C2 subtype infection had statistically significant difference in IL -10 level (F =0.444,P <0.05).Conclusion Different genotype HBV subtypes may have different effect to the body's immune function.

ObjectiveTo explore serum interleukin-6 ( IL-6),interleukin-8 ( IL-8 ),tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) on neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in the pathogenesis of clinical significance before and after the intervention of neonates with asphyxia.Methodsforty cases of normal neonates were selected as normal group,70 cases of neonates with asphyxia were selected as asphyxia group and they were randomly divided into Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP)group (conventional treatment combined with FDP,n =40) and control group ( conventional treatment,n =30 ).Patients in the conventional treatment group were maintained good ventilation function,their heart rate,blood pressure were in normal range,and their blood sugar were in normal high-value.And measures were taken to control convulsions,increase intracranial pressure and eliminate the brainstem symptoms. Patients in the Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) group were treated with intravenous FDP injection 250 mg/( kg · d)within 6h after birth in addition to the conventional treatment,and the course was 10 days.No special treatment was given to the healthy control group,and they returned to hospital for a return visit after discharged form hospital at the birth of the 10th day.The level of IL-8,IL-6 and TNF-α were monitored in three groups after they were born 6 h,3 d and 10 d,and 72 h HIE incidence rate were observed.Results There was no significant difference on the level of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α within 6 h after birth in asphyxia group ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Within 3 days after birth,IL-6 level was lower than that in the normal group [ (2.22 ± 1.26) ng/L vs ( 3.04 ± 0.98 ) ng/L,P ＜ 0.05 ],IL-8,TNF-α levels were higher than those in the normal group [ ( 18.62 ± 14.56)ng/L vs ( 15.62 ± 11.25 ) ng/L,(50.28 ± 18.74 ) ng/L vs (42.02 ± 12.25 )ng/L,P ＜0.05 ].In FDP group,within 3 days after birth,the level of IL-6 was higher than that in control group [ (2.65 ± 1.13 ) ng/L vs ( 1.24 ± 1.06) ng/L,P ＜ 0.05 ],the levels of IL-8 and TNF-α were significantly lower than those in the control group [ ( 17.24 ± 12.48 ) ng/L vs (22.46 ± 10.88 ) ng/L,(44.62 ± 18.27 ) ng/L vs (54.25 ± 17.28)ng/L,P ＜0.01 ] ;There was no significant difference on the level of IL-6 on the 10th day after birth among the three groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).While in the FDP group,the levels of IL-8 and TNF-αwere significantly lower than those in the control group [ ( 14.25 ± 12.75 ) ng/L vs ( 17.23 ± 11.33 ) ng/L,(37.41 ±17.55)ng/L vs (48.21 ± 16.54)ng/L,P ＜ 0.01 ] ;The incidence of HIE and moderate to severe HIE in FDP group were significantly lower than that in the control group ( 22.5％ ( 9/40 ) vs 46.7％ ( 14/30 ),x2 =4.538,P＜0.05;5％(2/40)vs26.7％(8/30),x2 =4.595,P ＜0.05].ConclusionBlood level of IL-6 was lower and the level of IL-8 and TNF-α were higher in perinatal asphyxia and HIE patients,they may be involved in the pathogenesis of HIE.Early intervention can reduce the incidence of HIE and the incidence of severe HIE.

[Summary] Serum cystatin C levels were measured by microparticle enhanced turbidimetry in 114 type 2diabetic patients without retinopathy (group A) and 105 type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathy (group B),as well as 47 normal healthy individuals as controls (group NC).The results showed that the serum cystatin C level of group B was much higher than those of group NC and group A (P＜0.05).However,there was no difference in serum cystatin C level between group NC and group A.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that serum levels of cystatin C and cholesterol,and systemic blood pressure were independent risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients (all P＜0.05),suggesting that detection of serum cystatin C level may play an important role in early diagnosis and prevention of diabetic retinopathy.

Brain ; Choristoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant ; Neurofilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Orbit ; pathology ; surgery ; Orbital Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To disclose the inter-species differences among Papaver somniferum L, Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L using AFLP analysis. MethodsThe root, stem, foliage, flower, seed of Papaver somniferum L, foliage of Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L were collected respectively. DNA was isolated with AxyPrep Kit, and double-digested by EcoR I and Mse I, then oligonucleotide adapters were ligated. After Pre-amplification, selective amplification was performed using 6 pairs of fluorescent primer. The DNA fragments were analyzed using a CEQ 8000 DNA Fragment Analyzer. Results27 to 46, 5 to 20 and 4 to 31 pieces of amplified products were detected from Papaver somniferum L, Cannabis sativa L and Papaver rhoeas L respectively, and significant difference was observed among these three groups of products. The identical species-specific peaks were identified from root, stem, leaf, flower and seed DNA from the same Papaver somniferum L. ConclusionThe diacritical results from Papaver somniferum L, Papaver rhoeas L and Cannabis sativa L, as well as the identical results of different parts from the same plant demonstrated that AFLP analysis could be used possibly to determine the species origin of unknown plants samples.

Objective To investigate the changes of pH of cerebralspinal fluid (CSFpH) and intracranial pressure(ICP) in the brain tumor patients during nurosurgery, in order to explore the measures for regulating ICP during these procedures Methods Forty-five patients suffering from brain tumor, scheduled for nurosurgery under diazepam-fentanyl-sodium thiopental-atracurium anesthesia, were randomly selected CSFpH and ICP were measured concomitantly during different phases of operation, including pre-anesthetic,post-anethetic periods, tracheal intubation, incision of the durae, excision of tumor and extubationResults As compared with those before anesthesia ,ICP increased gradually and CSFpH decreased gradually after the induction of anesthesia (P

Background Human Tenon fibroblasts (HTFs) are the main cell component in scar tissue after antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery.To study the in vitro growth and proliferation features will offer an approach to the preventing and treating of scarring following antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery.Objective The goal of present study was to investigate the growth characteristics of HTFs in vitro from patients with bleb scarring after antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery.Methods This study process was approved by Ethic Committee of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,and informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to the initaion of the study.The specimens of scaring tissue were obtained during the secondary trabeculectomy from 8 eyes with bleb scaring after initial antiglaucomatous filtrating surgery with the tissue size of 4 mm×5 mm,and the normal Tenon capsule specimens were acquired during the strabismus surgery from 8 eyes in the same way.HTFs were primarily cultured and passaged by tissue explants adherent method and identified using immunoinfluorescence technique with vemintin antibody.Nest PCR was used to exclude the mycoplasma infection during the culturing process.The morphology,growth curve and population doubling time (PDT) of the fifth generation of cells were examined and calculated by luminescence method cell vitality method 0,4,7,11,14 days and compared between the patients and normal groups.The stability of the cell growth was assessed by comparing the morphology,growth curve and PDT between the fifth generation and fifteenth generation of HTFs.Results Primarily cultured cells reached confluence 1-2 weeks with the similar shape to HTFs.The growth properties of the cells were same between the scarring group and normal group and showed positive response for vemintin antibody.No react band for mycoplasma was detected.The PDT was (20.54±3.51) hours and (18.86±2.91) hours in the scarring group and normal group,respectively,showing insignificant difference between them (t=0.634,P=0.561).No significant differences were found in the number of cells in 4,7,11 and 14 days after passage (t =2.663,P =0.081; t =0.194,P =0.863 ; t =3.338,P =0.053 ; t =0.627,P =0.565),with a consistent growth curve with the lapse of time between the two groups.The HTFs from scarred Tenon capsule fibrosis were cultured and passaged until the fifteenth generation.The PDT was gained to be (20.54 ±3.51) hours in the fifth generation of cells and (22.84±4.15) hours in the fifteenth generation of cells,without significant difference between them (t =0.733,P =0.505).The number of cellsin 4,7,11 and 14 days was not significantly different between the fifteenth generation and the fifth generation of cells (t=1.528,P=0.235;t=0.269,P=0.786;t=1.954,P=0.139;t =0.730,P =0.506).In addition,a good and stable growth curve also was exhibited in the fifteenth generation of cells compared with the fifth generation of cells.Conclusions Bleb scar-derived HTFs present good and stable growth in vitro.This result demonstrates HTFs were target cells in antifibrosis study after antiglaucoma filtrating surgery.

Objective To study the pharmacological effects of Qinggong Decoction on sedation and hypnosis. Methods Fifty mice were randomly divided into five groups: NS group, diazepam group, and low-, mid-, high-dose Qinggong Decoction group. Diazepam group was given 0.1 mL/10 g diazepam, and other four groups were given 0.2 mL/10 g corresponding drugs. Spontaneous activities before and after ig. were recorded and the sleeping time of mice with pentobarbital sodium (superthreshold dosage) and the number of the sleeping mice with pentobarbital sodium (subthreshold dosage) were measured. Convulsion model induced by nikethamide was used to observe the change of the seizure rate in mice after given Qinggong Decoction. Results Qinggong Decoction (3.0, 6.0 g/kg) could obviously inhibit spontaneous activities of mice, prolong the sleeping time of mice with pentobarbital sodium (superthreshold dosage) and increase in the number of the sleeping mice with pentobarbital sodium (subthreshold dosage), and had markedly anticonvulsant effect in mice induced by nikethamide. Conclusion Qinggong Decoction has obvious effects of sedation, hypnosis and anticonvulsion.