Objective To study the genetic toxicity of surfactants Tween-20?Tween-80?Span-20?BE-2. Methods To take root tip cells of Vicia faba as the subjects, treated with various concentrations of surfactants to study the effect of them on the micronucleus and chromosome aberration in root tip cells of Vicia faba. Results The frequencies of micronucleus cell induced by surfactants Tween-20?Tween-80?Span-20?BE-2 were (21.34?1.31)‰, (13.44?2.66)‰, (15.29?3.16)‰ and (7.53?2.34)‰ respectively, the frequencies of chromosome aberration induced by surfactants Tween-20?Tween-80?Span-20?BE-2 were (18.16?0.50)%, (11.05?1.18)%, (23.79?1.62)% and (22.58?0.61)%, significant differences were seen compared with the control. Conclusion The results of the present paper demonstrates that surfactants Tween-20?Tween-80?Span-20?BE-2 have the effect of mutagenic agent.

Objective To study the changes of cerebral haemodynamics in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) treated with Shengmai injection compared with citicoline,and explore the clinical interventions of Shengmai injection on HIE.Methods Fifty patients with HIE were randomized into 2 groups: shengmai group treated with Shengmai injection(n=30),and citicoline group treated with citicoline(n=20).The haemodynamic parameters included peak systolic flow velocity(PSFV),end-diastolic flow velocity(EDFV),pulsation index(PI) and resistance index(RI) of anterior and middle cerebral artery were detected by color Doppler ultrasound before treatment and on 7~(th) day after treatment respectively.Control group(n=50) compared with the two groups.Results PSFV,PDFV and RI of HIE patients were significantly lower than those of control group(P

Objective: To optimize matrix composition and technology for Jiefushuang Emulsion. Methods: Orthogonal design was used, oil phase, agitation velocity, emulsifiers and emulsify temperature were selected as variable factors. Results: The optimum matrix composition and technology were: The ratio of oil to water was 2∶3, emulsifiers: 320g(oil 500mL), HLB: 15, emulsity temperature: 70?C , agitation velocity: 800 revolutions per minute, lasting for 20 minutes. Conclusion: The emulsion prepared accords with the stipulation of the appendix of Chinese pharmacopoeia (2000).

Objective To explore the distribution and genotypes of plasmid-mediated quionlone resistance (PMQR)genes and intI1 integrase genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolates.Methods The PMQR genes and intI1 integrase genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction in the nonduplicate strains of E.coli (80),E.cloacae (18)and K.pneunoniae (27).The positive PCR products were subj ect to DNA sequencing analysis.The gene-positive strains were tested by conj ugation experiment.The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs)of donor,recipient strains and transconj ugants were tested by agar dilution method with quinolones and other antimicrobial agents.Results Sixteen (12.8%)of the 125 Enterobacteriaceae isolates were qnr gene positive,including 8 qnrS1 positive and 8 qnrB6 positive.Furthermore,the aac(6′)-Ib-cr gene was identified in 15 (12.0%) strains.Twenty PMQR-positive isolates harbored intI1 integrase gene.The conjugation experiments were successful in 12 of the 26 PMQR-positive isolates and 7 of the 20 intI1-positive isolates.The MICs of quinolones and other antimicrobial agents against the transconj ugants were higher than the MIC values against recipient strains.Conclusions The PMQR genes are prevalent in Enterobacteriaceae isolates.The PMQR-positive isolates can co-harbor integrase genes.These resistance genes have the feature of horizontal transfer,to which close attention should be paid.

Objective To evaluate the association between cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and atherosclerosis (AS) and explore the possible role of endothelin (ET) and serum tumor necrosis factor(TNF ?) in the pathogenesis of AS in diabetic patients and the relationship between HCMV infection and concentrations of ET and TNF ?. Methods Blood samples were collected from 21 patients with AS of type 2 DM, 47 patients with non AS of type 2 DM and 20 controls. Special antibodies to HCMV (IgM,IgG) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . The concentrations of serum TNF ? and plasma ET were determined by RIA. Results (1) Type 2 diabetic patients, especially those with established AS, had a higher prevalence of active infection of HCMV. (2) The levels of plasma ET and serum TNF ? in type 2 diabetic patients were higher than those in normal people. In the pathogenesis of AS in diabetic patients, the ET played more important role than the TNF ?.(3) There was a significantly positive correlation between anti IgM to HCMV and the level of plasma ET in type 2 DM patients. It suggested that the injury of endothelium cell was related to the active infection of HCMV. Conclusion The study suggests that HCMV infection may be important in the pathogenesis of AS in type 2 diabetic patients and ET possibly plays an important role on the pathological course of AS.

Objective To discuss the clinical significance of nephroscopic surgery for simple renal cysts. Methods A 2~4 cm incision was made below the 12th costal interspace. Through the incision the nephroscopic decortication was performed in 26 patients with simple renal cyst. Results The operation time was 20~80 min (mean, 30 min) and the postoperative hospital stay, 3~)6 days (mean, 4 days). No blood transfusion was required and no severe complications were noted. Follow-up observations for 3~)12 months (mean, 8 months) in the 26 patients found no recurrence. Conclusions Mini-incision nephroscopic decortication for renal cysts is feasible and mini-invasive, with advantages of simplicity of performance and quick postoperative recovery.

0.99. The recovery rates were 72.25% -109.0% with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.82% -11.61% . Conclusion The method is fast,simple,sensitive and needs no organic solvent and it is applicable to the determination of organochlorine pesticides and chlorobenzene compounds in water.

Objective To study the risk factors which lead to increase in the incidence rate of hypospadias. Methods A case-control design was used.The mothers of 210 cases and 420 controls were interviewed by telephone or face-to-face,and the questionnaires were answered.Thirty probable risk factors were investigated.Statistical analysis was performed using univariate and multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analyses for evaluation of the data. Results All boys with hypospadias in the case group were of Han nationality.Only 5 cases had positive family history.Odds ratio (OR) of the factors investigated were:pregnant age (OR,38.63),threatened abortion (OR,4.71),progestin (OR,3.64),estrogen (OR,5.1),pesticide (OR,2.39),organic solvents (OR,2.12),season of pregnancy (OR,1.86) and detergent (OR, 1.87).But OR of frequency of abortion,weeks of gestation and birth weight were less than 1.The results of other 17 investigated factors were negative. Conclusions Threatened abortion,nonfull-term fetus,low birth weight and some environmental endocrine-disturbing chemicals ( pesticide,detergent,organic solvents,progestin and estrogen) may be risk factors associated with hypospadias.These environmental endocrine-disturbing chemicals may increase the incidence rate of hypospadias.

0.05).Pain-disappearing time,anus-bubbling time,and time for gas-fluid plane disappearing were shortened in group C,and drainage volume from nutrient canal during gastrointestinal decompression obviously reduced on the second day as compared with those in groups A and B(P

Objective To establish a HPLC method for the determination of chlorogenic acid, baicaliin, forsythin and wogonin in Shuanghuanglian oral liquid. Methods The column was VP-ODS C18 (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid with gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the detection wavelength was at 278 nm. Results The calibration curves were linear within the range of 0.44～6.60 ?g (r=0.999 1) for chlorogenic acid, 0.52～6.18 ?g (r=0.999 1) for baicaliin, 0.20～2.04 ?g (r =0.999 3) for forsythin (r =0.999 3) and 0.13～1.76 ?g (r =0.999 1) for wogonin, respectively. The average recovery of them were 97.0% (RSD=1.1%), 98.98% (RSD=1.1%), 103.55% (RSD = 1.1%) and 96.49% (RSD = 1.1%), respectively. Conclusion The method is simple, practicable, accurate and rapid. It can be applied to content determination of chlorogenic acid, baicaliin, forsythin and wogonin in Shuanghuanglian oral liquid.