Objective: To study the effects of Carisolv caries removal method on dentin bonding strength. Methods:Thirty extracted human third molars with moderate occlusal caries were used. Each molar was split into two parts, one part was prepared by Carisolv method and another was prepared by the low-speed burs. Then samples were randomly divided into three groups. Three adhesive systems were used: Prime&Bond NT +Dyract AP compomer、Uni-Etch +One-step plus+Renew resin composite and Prompt-L-Pop +Z100 resin composite. Microtensile bonding strength(MTBS) of the three adhesive systems were tested. Results:The MTBS of the three adhensive systems were (17.22?7.95) MPa, (25.40?8.44) MPa, (17.66?8.33) MPa in Carisolv group, and were (16.01?7.43) MPa, (23.45?7.55) MPa, (16.26?7.97) MPa in burs group. There was no significant difference between the two caries removal methods.Conclusion:Carisolv caries removal method has no side effects on dentin bonding strength of the three adhesive systems.

Chronic alcohol consumption is a leading cause of chronic liver diseases worldwide, resulting in cirrhosis and hepa-tocellular carcinoma. Almost all heavy drinkers develop fatty liv-er, but only 20% ~40% of them develop more severe forms of alcoholic liver diseases such as alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic fibrosis, and the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the disease progression remain largely unknown. The animal models which can mimic human alcoholic liver diseases are very neces-sary tools for better understanding and exploring the therapy strat-egy of the disease. Currently, the most widely used models for alcoholic liver injury are Lieber-DeCarli model, Tsukamoto-French model, Gao-binge model and others. Here we summarize the recent advances in animal models recapitulating different fea-tures and etiologies of human alcoholic liver diseases. These ani-mal models will be very useful for the mechanism study of alco-holic liver diseases and further new therapeutic drug screening.

Objective To determine the symptomatological characterictics of isehemie stroke in Chinese people on the basis of Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project (OCSP) criteria. Methods 900 patients with ischemic stroke were reviewed. Ischemic stroke was classified into four subtypes. Results Patients were classified as lacunar infarcts(19.3%) ,total anterior circulation infarcts(17.2%) ,partial anterior circulation infarcts (45.3%), and posterior circulation infarcts(18.2%). The statistical comparison between male and female of each subtype is not significant . Conclusion The difference between the studies is caused by race difference and some other reasons.

Objective: To study the effect of Carisolv in caries removal on dentin bonding surface.Methods:24 extracted third molars with moderate carious were randomly divided into four groups. Each cavity was split into two parts, one part was prepared by Carisolv and the other by high-speed bur. Then samples were processed as follows: samples in group A were not treated, those in group B were treated with 320 ml/L phosphoric acid, SEM was used to observe the morphology of dentin surface of the samples in group A and B. Samples in group C were restored with Dyract AP and those in group D with resin for the observation of the microstructure of dentin-filling bonding interfaces.Results:In group A, rough surface without obvious smear layer was exhibited and dentinal tubules were clearly open after Carisolv preparation; after bur preparation, dentin surfaces were covered with a thick smear layer and no opening of tubules was visible. In group B, after treatment with 320 ml/L phosphoric acid, the smear layer was removed and dentinal tubules were exposed after either Carisolv or bur preparation, but tube stoppers were visible in the samples prepared by bur. In group C, resin tags were observed only in the samples after Carisolv preparation. In group D,dentin surfaces and lengths of the resin tags did not show remarkable difference after Carisolv or bur preparation, but more lateral branch connection between resin tags appeared in the samples prepared by Carisolv than by bur.Conclusion:The dentin prepared by Carisolv favors bonding between dentin and resin/compomer and has the advantage of restoring with compomer.

AIM: To set up a fingerprint analysis of Xintongning Capsules (Radix Notogenseng......) by TLC. METHODS: Silica gel G plate was adopted with developing underlayer of chloroform ethylacetate methanol water (15:40:22:10) under 10℃ resting overnight, 10% solution of H 2SO 4 in ethanol sprayed with and ginsenosides Rb 3 was used as standard substance. RESULTS: The result had 5 common spots. CONCLUSION: This method is accurate, reliable and provides a means for controlling the qualities of Xintongning Capsules.

BACKGROUND:Psychological factors could influence the degree of pain after total knee arthroplasty. However, the effects of perioperative psychological intervention on postoperative pain and joint function are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To study the efficacy and safety of alprazolam for patients with anxiety and depression before total knee arthroplasty. METHODS:Sixty-one patients with anxiety and depression before unilateral total knee arthroplasty were recruited. The patients were given the treatment of alprazolam (experimental group) or placebo (control group) at 2 weeks preoperatively. Baseline data were collected, preoperative anxiety and depression were assessed with Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Beck Depression Inventory, perioperative pain at rest and in activity at each time point was evaluated, postoperative NSAIDs drugs and intravenous self-control analgesia pump usage were recorded, the peripheral neurotransmitters were detected by ELISA, short-and mediate-term joint fuction was evaluated through Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and Knee Society Score after joint replacement, patient satisfaction and in-hospital relevant indexes and adverse reactions were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) After the application of alprazolam, anxiety and depression were improved notablely, and the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine andγ-aminobutyric acid in peripheral blood were increased at 2 weeks. (2) The visual analogue scale scores at rest in the experiemntal group were significnatly lower than those in the control group at 12 hours, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days postoperatively (P<0.05);the visual analogue scale scores in activity in the experiemntal group were significnatly lower than those in the control group at 12 hours, 1, 2, 3, and 5 days postoperatively (P<0.05). (3) Analgesia pump and analgesic drug usage in the experiemntal group were significantly less than those in the control group, and the analgesic drug dosage and preoperative anxiety depression were correlated. (4) There were no significant differences in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and Knee Society Score between two groups. (5) The patient satisfaction, sleep index and hospitation time in the experimental group were superior to those in the control group. No obvious adverse reactions occurred during medication. (6) Our results suggest that for patients diagnosised with anxiety and depression before total knee replacement, the preoperative application of alprazolam can alleviate anxiety and depression, improve perioperative pain at rest and in activity, reduce postoperative analgesia drug useage, and increase patient satisfaction.

Objective: To study the effects of halothane and sevoflurane on myocardial function and energy metabolism. Method:The model of Langendorff perfused isolated rat heart was used to investigate the effects of halothane and sevoflurane on HR,LVEDP,LVDP,+dp/dt,-dp/dt and coronary flow(CF)before and after ischemia. and the myocardial ATP content were measured with HPLC before ischemia and 10 min after ischemia and at the end of reperfusion. Result: 1.5 MAC sevoflurane significantly increased CF in normal isolated rat hearts. Both halothane and sevoflurane differently depressed myocardial contratile function,increased normal myocardial energy storage. At 10th min of ischemia the decrease of myocardial ATP content was delayed by halothane and sevoflurane. At the end of reperfusion,the both anesthetics improved the recovery of myocardial function and matebolism,especially sevoflurane. Conclusion: Both anesthetics can protect myocardium from ischemic reperfusion injury through improving post-ischemic myocardial energy recovery.

This paper made systematic description of the three objectives of sustainable development designed for the policy based on the sustainability theory for the health sector.The essential drug system for secondary hospitals comprises the list coverage and allocation percentage of essential drugs,requirements for bidding and purchasing as well as pricing practice; management and conditions of these hospitals,including leadership determination and competency,doctors prescription behavior,and supportive reforms at these hospitals; external policies and social environment,including government financial subsidy,medical service prices adjustment,medical insurance,and the awareness and attitude of the people on essential drugs.

Objective:To investigate the application of in vitro fenestration endovascular aortic repair(fEVAR) in the juxtarenal abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysm and its up to mid-term results.Methods:The clinical data of 5 cases of juxtarenal abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysm from Oct 2016 to Jul 2019 at the Department of Vascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People′s Hospital was retrospectively analyzed, including therapy options, accesses, techniques of fenestration, bundle of the stent-graft, near to medium-term effects.Results:All patients were treated with fEVAR, the technical success rate was 100%. Stent modify time ranged from 50 to120 minutes, fEVAR time ranged from 75 to 210 minutes. The follow-up period was 15~42 months. All of the stents are in good position, there is no stent-related complications, and no deaths. Primary diseases are well controlled.Conclusion:The treatment for juxtarenal abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysms with fEVAR , as a full-intraluminal method, is of minimal invasion, few perioperative complications, low mortality. Result of up to mid-term follow up is satisfactory.

Objective To explore the surgical method, clinical result, biomechanical property, and surgical indication of treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures with titanium mesh fusion device. Methods 22 patients with the thoracolumbar burst fracture and paralysis were treated by anterior decompression and spinal stability reconstruction with titanium mesh fusion device and a titanium plate. In this group, the fracture was at the 12th thoracic vertebra in 7 cases, the 1st lumbar in 14, and the 2nd lumbar in 1. According to Frankel’s classification, 4 cases were of Grade A, 6 of Grade B, and 12 of Grade C. 20 patients experienced the kyphosis deformity. The kyphosis angles varied from 12 to 29 degrees with a mean of 19.5 degrees. Results The period of postoperative follow up varied from 0.6 to 2 years with an average of 1.2 years. The neural function was improved for more than 1 grade. 15 cases could control urination after the surgery. The kyphosis angles were reduced to 3 to 8 degrees with a mean of 5 degrees. The complications caused by the implants were not found. Conclusions To treat the thoracolumbar burst fractures with paralysis, the compressive elements from anterior side of the spinal cord should be completely removed. Since the titanium mesh fusion device plus a plate can reconstruct the spinal stability that satisfies spinal biomechanical property, it presents important application value.