Objective To study the mechanism of myocardical aging. Methods Wistar rats used were divided aging group (22 months old) and adult group (7 months old). Qualitative morphological changes of organelles of myocardium were observed by TEM. Quantitative morphological changes of organelles of myocardium were determined by stereological method, Ca 2+ regulation of organelles of myocardium were analysed by EDS. Results Compared with adult group, aging group:(1) The nuclei were indented, myofibril were arranged irregularly, intercalated disk were separated, mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum were swelled, lipofuscin and residual body were increased. (2) The volume of myocardium not occupied by myocyte were increased, the volume density of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum were reduced, specific surface of outer membrance of mitochondria inter membrane plus cristae of mitochondria and the membrane of sarcoplasmic reticulum were also reduced. (3) Ca 2+ in myofibril and mitochondria were increased, but Ca 2+ in sarcoplasmic reticulum were decreased. Conclusion The contractility of aging myocardium were declined, the morphological changes and Ca 2+ regulation of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum might be directly related to myocardical aging.

The authors reviewed the breeding situations of mites in homes,including rates,distribution,seasonal variation and common species,and the diagnosis and treatment of the allergic diseases caused by mites,as well as their parasitizing in gastrointestinal tract,lungs,urinary tract and other organs.In the end,the measurements for control of mites in homes were demonstrated.

Objective:To evaluate quality of clinical trials about acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of hyperthyrodism in China. Methods:Literature of clinical trials of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of hyperthyroidism were attained by computer and manual retrieval,and randomization,control,selection of study objects,comparability between groups,amount of samples, description and control of source of samples,criteria for diagnosis,application of blind method,criteria for assessment of therapeutic effects,statistical method,adverse effects,follow-up,and others in the literature were analyzed and evaluated by the randomized controlled test criteria and the clinical assessing method in Cochrane handbook of international Cochrane cooperation net.Results:In 63 papers,clinical randomized controlled tests of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of hyperthyroidism only accounted for 22.2%,but with increasing tend year by year in recent years.Conclusion:Though acupuncture and moxibustion have been widely applied in prevention and treatment of hyperthyroidism,it could not provide evidences of higher reliability for clinical treatment due to less clinical randomized controlled tests and lower quality,which severely hinder testing and verifying of clinical therapeutic effects of acupuncture and moxibustion.It is proposed that multiple central and randomized controlled test should be made,so as to search for feasible acupuncture and moxibustion methods with definite therapeutic effect for hyperthyroidism,and provide basis for further systematical evaluation of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of hyperthyroidism.

The macroporous resin separation technology has been mainly applied in the enrichment of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and other ingredients, and used in the removal of heavy metal impurities and pesticide residues in recent years. This paper focuses on the synthesis of the new-type macroporous adsorption resin LKS-11 according to the molecular structure characteristics of procymidone. Specifically, the selective absorptive property and other advantages of macroporous resin were utilized to analyze the procymidone removal efficiency in ginseng extracts from different sources. The type of macroporous resins, absorptive property and desorption conditions were observed respectively by static and dynamic adsorption methods to determined the optimum process conditions. According to the results, LKS-11 showed a good absorptive property to procymidone in ginseng extracts and provided a theoretical basis for studies on the removal of procymidone residues from ginseng extracts by using macroporous adsorption resin. Because of no secondary pollution on samples, low production and operation costs, high procymidone removal efficiency and high product recovery rate, this method is suitable to be applied in production.
Adsorption ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Chromatography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Drug Residues ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fungicides, Industrial ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Porosity ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mycophenolic Acid ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the effect of letrozole in decreasing the early-stage ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) occurrence during the luteal phase for patients of OHSS high-risk after oocyte retrieval.Methods A total of 176 high-risk OHSS patients were randomly divided into two groups after oocyte retrieval.Patients in experiment group (n=86) received 5 mg letrozole per day from the retrieval day and last for 5 days.Others in control group (n=90) received placebo.The serum concentration of FSH,LH,estradiol (E2),progesterone (P) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from the day of hCG injection to days after injection (5 days,8 days,10 days) were measured.And the incidence of moderate and severe OHSS was observed.Results The concentration of E2 on the indicated days (5 days,8 days,10 days after hCG injection) in experiment group and control group were (5 727±2 089) versus (11 826±4 281) pmol/L,(1 613±879) versus (7 925±3 507) pmol/L,(193±90) versus (1 628±888) pmol/L; the concentration of VEGF on the indicated days in the two groups were (80± 14) versus (108± 19) ng/L,(66± 11) versus (126± 14) ng/L,(48±7) versus (148± 14) ng/L; the concentration of E2 and VEGF were lower than those in control group (all P＜0.01).The FSH concentration in experiment group were (2.1 ± 1.1) and (3.5± 1.3) U/L on the day of fifth and eighth day after hCG injection,which were significantly higher than (0.7±0.3) and (0.7±0.4) U/L in control group (P＜0.05); the LH concentration in experiment group were (0.26±0.19) and (0.72±0.60) U/L on the day of fifth and eighth day after hCG injection,which were significantly higher than (0.11 ±0.03) and (0.14±0.08) U/L in control group (P＜0.05).The incidence of moderate and severe OHSS was signicantly decreased after letrozole treatment compared with control group [2％ (2/86) versus 12％ (1 1/90),P＜0.05].Conclusion Administration of 5 mg/d letrozole for 5 days during the luteal phase can reduce the E2 and VEGF levels for the high-risk OHSS patients who needed cryopreserve all embryos,and also reduce the occurrence of early OHSS.

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of NKG2D ligands and oxidative stress,and to analyze the effect of oxidative stress on the function of NK cells. Methods Tumor cells were cultured and exposed to hydrogen peroxide to develope an oxidative stress model. Then to detect the expression of NKG2D ligands in cells by Real-time PCR and Flow Cytometry. The cytotoxicity of NK cells to tumor cells was detected and compared by CCK-8 kit before and after oxidative stress. Results The expression of NKG2D ligands was induced by oxidative stress,however the NKG2D ligands induced was variable. The up-regulation of NKG2D ligands increased the cytotoxicity of NK cells efficiently,and this effect was blocked by anti-NKG2D antibody. Conclusion The expression of NKG2D ligands can be selectively induced by oxidative stress on tumor cells,and the improvement of the cytotoxicity of NK cells may enhance the immune responses accordingly.

BACKGROUND:After acute myocardial infarction(AMI),there is still surviving myocardium in and around the infarcted area,which plays an important role in the occurrence of arrhythmia. OBJECTIVE:To study the alterations of the activities of Na+ channel current(INa),L-calcium current(ICa-L),transient outward K+ current(Ito) and inward rectifying K+ current(IK1) in the cardiomyocytes in the infarcted area after AMI. DESIGN: A randomized controlled study. SETTING:Department of Cardiology,Bethune International Peace Hospital. PARTICIPANTS:The experiment was finished in the Central Laboratory of the Department of Cardiology,Bethune International Peace Hospital from January to June 2003.Twenty New Zealand pure big-ear rabbits were randomly divided into AMI group(n=10) and control group(n=10). INTERVENTIONS:Rabbit AMI models were established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery.The ventricular myocytes were separated with the method of enzymatic dissociation technique,and the changes of the ion currents were recorded with the whole cell patch-clamp techniques. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The changes of INa,ICa-L,Ito and IK1 in the cardiomyocytes taken from the infarcted area of epicardium 24 hours after AMI in both the AMI and control groups. RESULTS:Twenty-four hours after AMI,the peak current densities of INa,ICa-L and IK1 in the AMI group [(28.48± 3.53) pA/pF,n=16;(3.91± 0.95) pA/pF,n=12;(26.93 ± 3.48) pA/pF,n=16]were all significantly reduced as compared with those in the control group [(45.50± 5.33) pA/pF,n=12;(5.58± 1.53) pA/pF,n=10;(34.12± 4.21) pA/pF,n=10] (t=3.026,P< 0.01;t=2.985,P< 0.01;t=2.706,P< 0.05).There was no significant difference in the Ito density between the AMI group and control group (P >0.05). CONCLUSION:The reduce of INa,ICa-L and IK1 caused by AMI can result in the decrease of myocardial conduction velocity,the shortening of action potential-time,abnormal repolarization,which is possibly the ionic mechanism for the reentrant ventricular arrhythmia after AMI.

Objective To assess the contraction and coordination changes in the anterior and posterior thigh muscles of patients recovering from cerebral infarction,and to provide objective references for targeted rehabilitation programs. Methods Eighteen cerebral infarction patients with mild hemiparesis (the patient group) and eighteen age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (the healthy group) were investigated. The surface-electromyographic (sEMG) signals of their vastus medialis,rectus femoris,vastus lateralis,biceps femoris,semitendinosus and semimembranosus were recorded during knee joint flexion and extension in the prone position.The sEMG signals from both legs were recorded for the patient group,but only from the left leg in the healthy group.The standardized root mean square (stRMS) signals and the co-contraction ratios (CRs) were compared and analysed, Results The stRMSs of the rectus femoris,vastus lateralis and vastus medialis on the patients' affected side during knee extension were significantly higher than those in the healthy group at baseline and follow-up.The stRMSs of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus-semimembranous on the patients' unaffected side were significantly higher than those of the affected side and the healthy group during knee flexion at baseline.The CRs during knee flexion on the patientsˊ affected side at baseline and follow-up were significantly higher than those of the unaffected side at baseline. Conclusions After cerebral infarction,the functioning of both the anterior and posterior thigh muscles on the affected side are impaired.The rectus femoris are the most severely impaired knee extensors,and the biceps femoris,semitendinosus and semimembranous are impaired equally in knee flexion.The thigh flexors and extensors lose their normal antagonist-agonist contraction modes.The functions of both the anterior and posterior thigh muscles should be emphasized during rehabilitation to improve abnormal contraction.

Objective To evaluate the effect of rocuronium on entropy to endotracheal intubation during anesthesia induction with propofol. Methods Forty patients anesthetized induction with propofol using a target-controlled infusion were randomly divided into two groups: rocuronium group (R group, 20 cases) received 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium or saline group (S group, 20 cases) received saline. 2-3 min later, endotracheal intubation was performed. Response entropy(RE) and state entropy(SE) were recorded during baseline(Ta), at steady state(Tb), 2 min after rocuro nium or saline administration (Tc) and 0, 1, 2 and 3 min after endotracheal intubation (T0, T1, T2, T3). Results At T2, the RE-SE was higher in S group than that in R group. Endotracheal intubation induced increasing in RE and SE. Comparing T2 and T0 values in R group and S group, SE increased from 42 ± 7 to 50 ± 8 and 43 ± 13 to 55 ± 12, and RE increased from 45 ± 6 to 54 ± 9 and 48 ± 16 to 66 ± 15, respectively. At T0, RE and RE-SE were higher in S group. Conclusion Rocuronium affects RE-SE and RE and RE-SE responses to endotracheal intubation and may confound interpretation of entropy monitoring.