Objective To investigate the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of superior vena cava and auxiliary branchs thrombosis in hemodialysis patients with internal jugular venous indwelling catheter. Methods A total of 43 cases on hemodialysis (HD) with indwelling short-term catheter in internal jugular vein from June to December in 2007 were enrolled in this study. The clinical data and biochemical indicators were collected to investigate the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of venous thrombosis around indwelling catheter, such as, superior vena cava and auxiliary branehs in these patients. Results Short-term double Iumen internal jugular venous catheter were placed in 43 HD patients. Different degrees of central vein thrombosis were found in 21 of the 43 HD patients (48.8%). The ratio of thrombosis in jugular vein, brachiocephalic vein, subclavical vein and uperior vena cava was 100% (21/21), 28.6% (6/21), 23.8%(5/21) and 19.0%(4/21), respectively. Ten of the 21 HD patients (47.6%) with central vein thrombosis presented clinical symptoms. Five cases developed edema of the upper extremity, 2 cases had new-onset symptom's pulmonary embolism, and 3 eases developed blood overflowed from inlet port of circum-catheter. The ratio of diabetes mellitus, malignant tumor, the prevalence of increased level of serum lipoprotein a and plasma homocysteic acid were significantly higher in the HD patients with central vein thrombosis than that in those without central vein thrombosis. The odds ratio of diabetes mellitus, malignant tumor, high serum lipoprotein a and high plasma homocysteic acid was 5.758, 4.750, 6.967 and 8.533, respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of central vein thrombosis in HD patients with short-term indwelling catheter in internal jugular vein is quite high. Its clinical symptom is insidious but dangerous. Diabetes mellitus, malignant tumor, high serum lipoprotein a and high plasma homocysteic acid may be the important risk factors of central vein thrombosis in above HD patients.

Objective To study the effect of ro ta ry magnetic field on experimental myocardial ischemia caused by Pitui trin (Pit) injection in rats. MethodsThirty rats with experimental myocardial ischemia induced by intravenous injection of Pit (2U/kg) were divided into three groups: control group, ischemia g roup, rotary magnetic field group. The ST-segment elevated amplitude, T -wave amplitude of ECG, serum NO content, SOD activity and MAD content in the three groups were observed and compared. Results The 30 mT rotary magentic field for 30 min significantly increa sed SOD activity ( P

Objective To summarize the prevention and treatment experience of complications of cardiac myxoma excision.Methods Cardiac myxoma excision were performed in 215 cases under general anesthesia,cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiac arrest condition.Results Two cases died from severe low cardiac output syndrome which eventually caused multiple organ failure.The remaining 213 cases were cured and discharged.Among 213 cases,low cardiac output syndrome occurred in 35 cases,re-open chest for bleeding was performed in 8 cases,30 cases in arrhythmia (including paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in 20 cases and ventricular premature in 10 cases),no vital organs embolism occurred.Follow-up was done to 200 patients for 1-8 years with a follow-up rate of 93.9％ (200/213).In 200 cases,1 case died from lung cancer,1 case recurred and was cured after re-operation.The remaining patients had no obvious abnormalities.Conclusion As the particularity of surgical treatment of cardiac myxoma,it is essential to take prevention measures to reduce complications of cardiac myxoma excision in perioperative periods.

Objective The antioxidative activities of extracts from Undaria pinnatifida in vitrowere tested. Methods Using the assay system of peroxide value (POV), diphenyl picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), the antioxidative activities of various extracts were studied and comparedwith VE and VC. Results Different extracts from Undaria pinnatifida showed antioxidativeactivities, and petroleum ether extract showed the highest free radical scavenging efficiency.Conclusion petroleum ether extract has stronger antioxidative effect than others.

A method which combines empirical mode decomposition with wavelet transform is employed to remove breathing baseline draft from pulse wave signal. First of all, this method decomposes pulse wave signal into several intrinsic mode functions and judges the intrinsic mode function which contains the information of breathing baseline draft. And then wavelet transform is used to decompose these intrinsic mode functions, and the detail coefficients representing breathing baseline draft are set into zero. At last, the signal is rebuilt. This can realize removing breathing baseline draft. A self-developed measurement device was used to obtain the pulse wave signal for validating, and AC-DC modulation ratio value was adopted to evaluate the effect. The results showed that this method could effectively remove breathing baseline draft from pulse wave signal.
Algorithms ; Oximetry ; instrumentation ; methods ; Respiration

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of permissive hypercapnia ventilation in mechanically ventilated newborns.Methods PubMed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CKNI),Wanfang Data and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) were searched up until March 31,2013.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing permissive hypercapnia (PHC) group with normocapnia (NC) group in mechanically ventilated newborns were included.The primary outcomes included the incidence of ventilator associated lung injury (VALI),bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD),intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH),periventricular leukomalacia (PVL),patent ductus arteriosus (PDA),neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC),neurodevelopmental injury and the mortality rate.Secondary outcomes included the duration of ventilatory support and the length of hospital stay.The Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 was used to evaluate the methodological quality and RevMan 5.1 software from Cochrane Collaboration was used for meta-analysis.The fixed effects model or the random effects model was adopted according to the result of heterogeneity.Results (1) A total of 325 articles were searched,and eight RCTs involving 605 newborns (302 newborns in PHC group while 300 newborns in NC group) which met the inclusion criteria were selected.In seven studies,the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) was controlled at ＜ 65 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and pH at ≥ 7.2 in PHC group.In one study,PCO2 was ＞ 52 mmHg and pH＞7.2,without descripition of the upper limit of PCO2.(2) Four articles described the method of random allocation in detail; three described allocation concealment; all eight studies used blinding method for research subjects; two used blinding method for outcome assessment; all eight studies reported complete data; and three articles described the source of other bias.(3) All eight studies reported the incidence of VALI (I2=56％,P=0.03).The random effects model was used for the meta-analysis,and there was significant difference between PHC group and NC group (RR=0.52,95％CI:0.29-0.93,P=0.03).According to the gestational age,the eight studies were divided into two subgroups.One subgroup,including three studies with an average gestational age of 25 weeks (I2=0％,P=0.46),showed no significant difference in the incidence of VALI between PHC and NC group (RR=1.05,95％CI:0.72-1.54,P=0.78).The other subgroup,including five studies with gestational age of ＞27 weeks (I2=0％,P=0.68),showed significant difference in the incidence of VALI between the two groups (RR=0.27,95％CI:0.14-0.50,P＜0.01).The in-hospital mortality and duration of ventilation showed significant difference between the two groups (in-hospital mortality:RR=0.40,95％CI:0.22-0.74,P＜0.01; duration of ventilation:difference in means=-0.75,95％CI:-1.04--0.46,P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the incidence of BPD,IVH,PVL,PDA,NEC and neurodevelopmental impairment between the two groups (all P＞0.05).Conclusions PHC ventilation in mechanically ventilated newborns can decrease the incidence of VALI,the in-hospital mortality and the duration of ventilation,while its protective efficacy against BPD is not remarkable.It does not increase the risk of IVH,PVL,PDA,NEC and neurodevelopmental injury,when the PCO2 is ＜ 65 mmHg and pH ≥ 7.2.

AIM: To establish HPLC fingerprint to make the difference between pre-and post processed Radix et Rhizoma Gentiana rigescen with wine-fried method. METHODS: Chromatographic fingerprint between pre-and post processed Radix et Rhizoma Gentiana rigescen with wine-fried was investigated by RP-HPLC and the gradient elution with acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid was applied to chromatographic separation(Alltima C_18(4.6 mm ?250 mm,5 ?m) column) for 65 min,and detection wavelength of 225 nm.Data were analysed by fingerprint similarity evaluation software to compare the similarity among the samples. RESULTS: The similitude degree of the10 batches of pre-and post processed Radix et Rhizoma Gentiana rigescen with wine-fried method were between 0.935-0.997 and 0.964-0.999,respectively.Comparing with the common processing of the HPLC fingerprint of Radix et Rhizoma Gentiana rigescen,the similarity of Radix et Rhizoma Gentiana rigescen processed with wine-fried was greater than 0.900. CONCLUSION: There have no significant deviation between semipolarity components of the pre-and post processed Radix et Rhizoma Gentiana rigescen with wine-fried method. The proportion of the main relative peak area has changed.

Objective To study the neuroprotective effect of apigenin on microglia which was exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R), which was characterized by its influence on IL-1? and TNF-? expression. Methods Primary microglial cultures were prepared from newborn rat brain. The purity of isolated cells were identified by GSA-IB4. The cells were randomized into 5 groups:normal group, DMSO group and apigenin-treated groups (10, 25, 50 ?mol/L). The cells of DMSO group and apigenin-treated group were exposed to 8 h of OGD and 24 h of reperfusion in the presence or absence of apigenin at a range of concentrations. Culture supernatants were collected and IL-1? and TNF-? were detected by ELISA assay. Results The expression of IL-1? and TNF-? were significantly higher in DMSO group (P

AIM: To establish the methods for determining ephedrina hydrochloridum,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride,puerarin,baicalin in Ganmao Soft Capsule (Herba Ephedrae,Radix Puerariae lobatae,Radix Scutellariae,Ramulus Cinnamomi,Radix Angelicae sinensis,Radix Angelicae dahuricae,etc.) METHODS: Part 1(determination of ephedrina hydrochloridum and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride):The HPLC was carried out on kromasilTMC18 column(4.6 mm ? 250 mm,5 ?m) with acetonitrile-0.02 mol/L phosphoric acid solution(pH2.7)-triethylamine(2 ∶ 98 ∶ 0.1)as mobile phase,gradient elution.The detection wavelength was set at 207 nm.Part 2(determination of pueranin and baicalin):The HPLC was carried out on kromasilTMC18 column(4.6 mm ? 150 mm,5 ?m)with acetonitrile-water(11 ∶ 89)as mobile phase,gradient elution.The detection wavelength was set at 250 nm.RESULTS: The average recoveries were 99.96% with RSD 1.25% ,98.41% with RSD 1.46% ,98.67% with RSD 0.91% ,99.30% with RSD 0.88% ,respectively.CONCLUSION: The assay results demonstrate that the methods are simple,accurate and reproducible for quantification of four active components in Ganmao Soft Capsule.

Objective To investigate the electrophysiological characteristics of the atrium in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) during electrophysiological study (EPS) Methods Seventy two patients with presence of AF during EPS were selected as Group AF , and the other 78 patients without AF as Group control All the patients had no AF history and structural heart diseases P A, P CSd, S1 A1, S2 A2, Max CD, CD zone and ERP HRA were measured as the electrophysiological parameters Results P A, P CSd, S1 A1, S2 A2, Max CD and CD zone were significantly longer in Group AF than in Group control , ERP HRA was shorter in Group AF Conclusion The decreased atrial conduction and the shorter atrial effective refractory period may be the electrophysiological basis for the occurrence of AF