Foreign Bodies ; complications ; diagnosis ; Glottis ; Hoarseness ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective:To explore the optimum digestion condition by orthogonal design, and determine the chromium content in Carthami flos by atomic absorption spectrometry ( AAS) to provide the experimental basis for the establishment of trace element limit standard. Methods:The conditions of microwave digestion were optimized using L9 (34 ) orthogonal experimental design, and chromi-um was determined by graphite furnace ( GF)-AAS. Results:The optimal digestion conditions were as follows:nitric acid-hydrochloric acid system was with the ratio of 6∶2, the highest resolution temperature was 185 ℃ with the duration of 25 minutes. The chromium content in 15 batches of Carthami flos was with significant differences. The chromium content in 15 batches of Carthami flos was detec-ted withhin the range of 0. 53-88. 15 mg·kg-1, the average recovery was 97. 1% and RSD was 2. 2%(n=9). Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, and can be used in the quality control of chromium in Carthami flos.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of different dosage of fluvastatin on the prevention of heart muscle ischemia reperfusion injury in rabbits.Method Thirty-five rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups with 7 rabbits in each: sham group,myocardial ischemia reperfusion control group,low dosage of fluvastatin pretreatment group (2 mg/kg,Group F1),middle dosage of fluvastatin pretreatment group(5 mg/kg,Group F2) and large dosage of fluvastatin pretreatment group(20 mg/kg,Group F3).The left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),the max rate of rise of left ventricular pressure(?dp/dt_(-max)) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP) were detected during the experiment.At the end of reperfusion,the infarct size and area at risk were defined by Evans blue and TTC staining,and the levels of myocardial nitrogen monoxidum(NO) and nitricoxide synthase(NOS) were measured.Result Compared with the ischemia reperfusion group,the indexes of heart function improved significantly,the level of myocardial NO was increased significantly and the myocardial infarct size was decreased significantly in the groups F2 and F3.There was no significant difference between the group F1 and ischemia reperfusion group.Conclusion Fluvastatin exerts a cardioprotective effect against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rabbits.NO is likely involved in this protective mechanism.

AIM: To investigate the effects of fluvas-tatin on expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in rabbits with hyper-lipidemia. METHODS: 30 rabbits which were gastric perfusion administered intralipid were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n - 10 in each) : IR ( ischemia-reperfusion) group, S (sham-operation) group and F (fluvastatin 10 mg?kg-1 ) group. Electrocardiography and cardiac function were recorded during the experiment. At the end of reperfusion, ischemic area and infarct size were defined by Evans blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The expression of ICAM-1 in myocardium was measuredby RT-PCR. RESULTS: After ischemia-reperfusion, the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in myocardial and infarct size decreased and cardiac function significantly improved in F group compared with IR group. CONCLUSION: The increase of expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in myocardial may be one of the important factors in inducing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The myocardial protective mechanism of fluvastatin maybe attribute to its effect on decreasing the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in myocardial .

Objective To evaluate the dose distributions with different dose rates, and approach a reference to the dose rate for radiation. Methods Three classic static intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans of prostate cancer, lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma were chosen for the study. For each plan, the dose verification of three different dose rates (100, 300 and 600 MU/min) was performed with the Varian 600CD linear accelarator by using the 2-DICA of I'mRT Matrixx. With the Pinncale planning system, each segment was used as a beam to form another IMRT plan. The OmniPro-I'mRT V1.6 was applied to compare the segments in the two IMRT plans, and then the actual weights were obtained. The simulated plans at different dose rate were designed when setting the weights back into the planning system. Results With the increase of dose rate, the passing ratio of the verification decreased and the D_(max), D_(min), D_(mean) and D_(95) of the planning tumor volume increased. The high dose area expanded significantly in target regions, and the 95% isodose line extended. At the dose rate of 600 MU/min, The D_(95) of GTV_(nd) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma increased by 5.33% than the original plan with the V_(110) up to 19. 38%. The irradiation dose of the organs at risk (OARs) increased. For the case of lymphoma, the V_(20) of the lungs in the original plan and the three simulated plans were 31.77%, 32. 11%, 32.60% and 33.26%, respectively. For the case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the V_(30) of the right parotid were 48.75%, 49. 56%, 51.65% and 53.91%, respectively. Conclusions With the increase of dose rate in static IMRT , the actual dose distribution deviates the original plan , and the high dose area and the OARs dose increases. The higher dose rate is suboptimal when the dose of the OARs is proximate to the tolerance limit.

Objective To compare the effect of perioperative intravenous injection of Analgecine on the analgesic efficacy and complications of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia ( PCIA ) of different doses of fentsnyl in postoperative lumhotomy patients.Methods 200 patients underweat hmbotomy in general anesthesia were randomly divided into four groups with fifty cases each.Fentanyl 1.0mg in group A,fentanyl 0.5mg in group B,fentanyl 1.0mg in group C,fentanyl 0.5mg in group D.The drugs in each group were diluted to 100ml and infused by pumps.Besides,the patients in group C and D were injected with analgecine 3.6u and 7.2u at the night before the operation,preoperation and postoperation respectively.The visual analog scale(VAS),times of PCA and incidence of side effects were recorded during the period of postoperative 24 hours.Results The VAS of group B at 2h after operation was (5.2 ± 1.9 ) points,which was significandy higher than that of group A,C and D( P ＜ 0.05 ),VAS became similar 4h later( P ＞0.05).The demanding times for supplemental bolus in group B were also significantly higher than that of A,C and D( P ＜ 0.05 ).The incidence of nausea,vomiting,itching,somnolence in group B and D were significantly less than those in group A and C( P ＜0.05 ).No respiratory depression or abnormal bleeding occurred in the four groups.Conclusion Perioperative intravenous injection of analgecine had a better effect on PCIA of fentanyl and could reduce fentanyl requirement and its side effects in lumbotomy patients.

Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetic mellitus,but its pathogenesis is still unclear.Adiponectin may restrain inflammatory reaction and reduce adhesion of vascular endothelial cell to influence diabetic microangiopathy.Relation between adiponectin and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)is less reported.Objective This study was to observe the effect of adiponectin on the expression of NOS in the retinas of diabetic rats.Methods Forty 8-10 weeks Sprague-Dawley (SD) female rats were collected.The rats were randomized into the normal control group (10 rats),adiponectin group (15 rats) and diabetic model control group (15 rats) using the random number table method.Tetraoxypyrimidine was intraperitoneally injected to establish the diabetic model in the rats of the adiponectin group and diabetic model control group,and 10 μg/kg of adiponectin was then injected into the rats of the adiponectin group.Western blot was used to detect the expression of the adiponectin protein in the rat retinas,and the expression of NOS in rat retina was located by immunochemistry.The use of the animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results The relative amount of adiponectin (adiponectin/β-actin)in the retinas was 0.85 ± 0.21,0.79 ± 0.17 and 0.42 ± 0.08,respectively,in the normal control group,adiponectin group and diabetic model control group,with significant differences among the 3 groups (F =4.236,P =0.000).The adiponectin/β-actin ratio in the retinas of the diabetic model control group was significantly declined in comparison with the normal control group and adiponectin group (q =6.615,P =0.000 ; q =6.026,P =0.000).The NOS levels (A value) in the retinas were 0.244 ± 0.035,0.262 ± 0.032 and 0.367 ± 0.066,respectively,in the normal control group,adiponectin group and diabetic model control group,showing a significant difference among them (F =3.752,P =0.001).The A value of NOS in the diabetic model control group was significantly increased in comparison with the normal control group and adiponectin group (q =3.488,P =0.002 ; q =3.079,P =0.005).NOS expression was localized to the inner nuclear layer and retinal ganglion cell layer.Conclusions Adiponectin reduces NO content in diabetic rat retinas by regulating NOS expression.

Objective To analyze the working stress related factors of nurses in intensive care unit (ICU), and put forward the corresponding counter measures.Methods During January to March 2016, a questionnaire survey was conducted with a commonly used nurses working pressure source scale on 110 ICU nurses in three People's Liberation Army (PLA) 3A grade hospitals in Beijing. The questionnaire survey involved 35 items within 5 main categories, including nursing professional issues, nursing workload and time allocation, working environment and resources, special care for critical patients and inter-personnel relationships between the head of nurses and other nurses. The correlations between the ICU nursing working stress and alternative factors were analyzed.Results Ninety-six nurses said the job was stressful, and 88.5% of them expressed that the degree of pressure was more than medium. The correlation analysis showed that ICU nurse working stress was correlated with 29 items in the survey scale (allP < 0.05), of which the top 6 items the mostly closely related were the frequent working shift (r = 0.58,P = 0.000), low nursing social status (r = 0.54,P = 0.000), less promotion opportunities (r = 0.54,P = 0.000), less opportunities to pursue further study (r = 0.53, P = 0.000), nurse low salary (r = 0.52,P = 0.000) and excessive workload (r= 0.50,P = 0.000).Conclusions ICU nurses face a lot of pressure in their work, the management departments should pay more attention to them, and actively energetically improve the nurse system construction, raise ICU nurses' pride, enhance the quality of nurse care and promote the healthy development of nursing profession.

CD56 Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoid Tumor ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Middle Aged ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To determine the value of helical computed tomography (HCT) and color doppler flowing imaging (CDPI) in evaluating the resectability of pancreatic cancer. Methods The clinical data of 114 patients with pancreatic cancer who had been admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January 1995 to December 2002 were retrospectively analyzed. The values of HCT and CDPI in assessing the resectability of pancreatic cancer were determined according to the results of operation and pathological examina-tion. All the data were analyzed by chi-square test and Fisher exact probability. Results Of all patients, 109 were examined by HCT, 97 by CDPI and 96 by HCT+CDPI. For patients examined by HCT, the resection rates of pancreatic head cancer, pancreatic body and tail cancer and total pancreatic cancer were 45.3% (39/86), 26.3% (5/19) and 0 (0/9), respectively. The resection rate of pancreatic head cancer was higher than that of pancreatic body and tail cancer (χ2=8.965, P<0.05). With the increase of tumor size, the invasion rate and metastasis rate were increased and the resection rate was decreased (z=6.15, 5.35, 7.18, P<0.01). The sensitivity rate and specificity rate were 77.8% and 82.2% of HCT, 73.3% and 80.6% of CDPI, 90.6% and 92.4% of HCT+CDPI in assessing the resectability of pancreatic cancer. The values of Kappa identity test of HCT, CDPI and HCT+CDPI were 0.58, 0.52 and 0.82, respectively. Conclusions Combined application of HCT and CDPI can further improve the accuracy in assessing the resectability of pancreatic cancer.