Mitochondrial calcium homeostasis plays a key role in maintaining various cellular characteristics and mediating cellular physiological function and pathological processes .Although it has long been known that mitochondria takes up Ca2+, the molecular identities of the channels and transporters involved in this process are revealed only recently . Here, we review the structure and function of the channel-forming subunit, mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and its regulators, which include MICU1, MICU2, and MCUR1.

Objective To understand clinical specimen hemolysis Staphylococcus (SHA)distribution characteristics and re-sistance and sensitivity to 20 kinds of antibiotics,reasonable to guide the clinical treatment of SHA infection.Methods Rou-tinely cultured and isolated bacteria.Used the United States BD Phoenix-100 automated microbial identification and suscepti-bility instrument to identify bacteria and susceptibility testing,and susceptibility testing all used the instrument broth dilu-tion method,according to the USA CLSI2015 [1]regulations standards.Results 162 strains of SHA from the distribution of age,children under the age was one of the highest (30.9%),and from the distribution department,mainly distributed in ped-iatrics (30.9%),department of critical care medicine (22.2%),medicine (17.3%),surgery (12.3%).From the specimen type distribution,were mainly distributed in the blood (33.3%),sputum (25.9%),wound (11.1%) and discharge (9.9%).In the 162 strains of SHA,the proportion of the MRSH was 93.8%,of which 152 strains of MRSH incidence of multiple drug resistance (MDR)was as high as 61.8%.Compared with MSSH,antibiotic resistance rate of MRSH was sig-nificantly higher.The resistance rate of MRSH to ampicillin,cefoxitin,penicillin G,erythromycin was extremely high,more than 98.7% the former of cefoxitin,penicillin G,ampicillin,erythromycin resistance was extremely high,more than 98.7%. The sensitive rate of both to rina thiazole amine,vancomycin,amikacin was 100%,and the rate to Fusidic acid,teicoplanin, nitrofurantoin was also high,more than 9 5.5%.Conclusion Linezolid,Vancomycin,Amikacin,Fusidic acid,Teicoplanin and Nitrofurantoin because all can be used as empiricaluse of SHA infection,other antibiotics chooses to in addition to drug sen-sitivity tests results.

Dry age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is a prevalent form of irreversible blindness worldwide in the elderly population with an increasing incidence in China.It is found that some dry AMD will develop to wet AMD and therefore damage visual function.Pathogenesis of AMD is below understand now,but it is thought to be related to the light-induced ocular damage,oxidative stress response,extracellular disposition and immunology.Up to now,effective and safe prevention and treatment methods of AMD are still studying,especially wet AMD,but the concern on dry AMD is not enough.Some basic and clinical pharmaceutics researches on AMD include antioxidants,anti-extracellular disposition drugs and anti-inflammatory agents.With the rise of aging population,we should pay special attention to the research on pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of dry AMD.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of infusing dehydrated alcohol on pancreatic pseudocyst (PPC). Methods Twenty one patients with D'Egidio type I PPC underwent CT or ultrasound (US) guided percutaneous catheter drainage, and CT or US were used to re-evaluate the efficacy of drainage. If no residual cavity was observed, the drainage tube was clamped for 3~7 d, and then the tube would be pulled out. Non-curative cases with catheter drainage for 21 days were given dehydrated alcohol 20 ml infusion. Results The curative rate by using percutaneous catheter drainage was 71.43% (15/21). Among the remaining 6 patients, the treatment was effective in 3 patients and ineffective in other 3 patients. 2 cases of non-infective mutli-antrum pancreatic pseudocyst, 1 case of infective single antrum and 3 cases of infective multi-antrum were included in the 6 non-curative cases, and all of them recovered completely 6~21 d after dehydrated alcohol infusion. No complication and recurrence were found during the 6~12 follow-up. Conclusions Percutaneous puncture and dehydrated alcohol infusion for infective or mufti-antrum pancreatic pseudocyst was effective and safe.

Objective To study the value of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility caused by fallopian tube factors. Methods 210 cases of infertility women caused by fallopian tube factors were studied in terms of adhesiolysis,fallopian tube plasty,fenestration,and patency test were performed.The pregnancy rate was followed up for one year. Results The false negative rate in the diagnosis of fallopian tube patency was 5.43% by hysterosalpingography.It was found that there were 3 cases of genital tract tubercle,80 cases of fallopian tube inflammation,73 cases of inflammation of fallopian tube and overy and 54 cases of hydrosalpingix.Of the later 3 kinds,pelvic inflammation was found to be responsible for 120 cases(57.1%),pelvic endometriosis for 87 cases(41.4%).The pregnancy rate after one year was 50.9%(78/153)for inflammation of fallopian tube and ovary,5.6%(3/54)for hydrosalpingix,respectively. Conclusions Laparoscopy helps to clarify infertility caused by fallopian tube factors,and to improvel the effect of treatment and pregnancy rate.

Objective To explore changes of risk factors between premenopausal and postmenopausal female patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods A total of 283 female patients were divided into CHD group (n=154) and con?trol group (n=129) according to whether they suffered from CHD or not. Patients were further stratified into two groups accord?ing to menopausal situation:premenopausal group (n=78, including premenopausal CHD group of 34 cases and premenopaus?al control group of 44 cases) and postmenopausal group (n=205, including postmenopausal CHD group of 120 cases and post?menopausal control group of 85 cases). Clinical data of age, body mass index (BMI), medical history and menses situation were recorded. The levels of cholesterol (CHO), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipo?protein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (vLDL-C), apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI), apolipoprotein B (apoB), lipoprotein a (Lpa), homocysteine (HCY) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were also detected. Results There were significantly higher levels of age, CHO, TG, LDL-C, vLDL-C, Lpa, ApoB, hsCRP, and the ratio of hypertension history, diabetic history, coronary heart disease family history in CHD group than those of control group. The level of HDLc was significantly lower in CHD group than that of control group. The ratio of hypertension history, diabetic history and levels of CHO, TG, LDL-C, vLDL-C, Lpa, ApoB, hsCRP were significantly higher in both premenopausal and postmenopausal CHD groups than those of their control groups. The level of HDL-C was significantly lower in postmenopausal CHD group than that of postmenopausal control group (P<0.05). Hypertension history, diabetic history and LDL-C were the independent risk fac?tors of premenopausal CHD. Hypertension history, diabetic history and CHO were the independent risk factors of postmeno?pausal CHD, and HDL-C was the protecting factor of CHD. The ratio of hypertension history, the level of CHO and LDL-C were significantly higher in postmenopausal CHD group than those of premonopausal CHD group. Conclusion The abnor?mal blood pressure level and dyslipidemia are more prevalent in postmenopausal female patients with CHD than premeno?pausal female patients. We should control these risk factors to improve the prognosis.

BACKGROUND:Porous tantalum, characterized as high porosity, low elastic modulus, high friction coefficient, stable biological properties, good compatibility and typical structural properties, has been the focus in medicine, especial y in orthopedics. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To review the biological characteristics of porous tantalum, including its mechanical properties, compatibility, and biological activity. ＜br> METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed, CSTJ, Wanfang and VIP databases was done for articles relevant to porous tantalum published from 1990 to 2014 using the keywords of“porous tantalum, biological character, orthopedic applications”both in English and Chinese. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Porous tantalum, with high porosity, low elastic modulus, high friction coefficient, and good compatibility, has become increasingly popular in medicine, especial y in orthopedics. At present, porous tantalum is used in the preparation of the integrated acetabular cup, total hip arthroplasty acetabular cup, acetabular reinforcing pad, porous tantalum metal rod, tibial plateau prosthesis and patel ar prosthesis and tibial plateau prosthesis. The short-term fol ow-up of porous tantalum implants in orthopedic surgery has been reported. And clinical data, radiology, histological analysis of the removed material have proved the practicability and safety of the porous tantalum. But the long-term effects of porous tantalum remain to be confirmed.

Objective To investigate the possibility of pulp regeneration of different irreversible pulpitis with absorbable gelatin sponge as the scaffold,and dental seed cells,induced molecules and MTA closed.Methods 150 patients with irreducible pulpitis,who were removed the crown infection pulp and retained the root living pulp,according to the visiting sequence,were randomly divided into two groups.The experimental group was given absorbable gelatin sponge as the scaffold and MTA closed.The control group was given calcium hydroxide coverage.The symptoms situation and pulp situation were observed.Results 6 months after surgery,the success rate of acute pulpitis and chronic closed pulpitis in the experimental group was 76.5％ and 47.0％,which were significantly higher than those of the control group (14.3 ％,8.8％) (P ＜ 0.01).In the experimental group,the success rate of chronic hyperplastic pulpitis and chronic ulcerative pulpitis was 33.0％ and 35.0％,which were higher than those of the control group(9.1％,6.0％),but the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Pulp regeneration in vivo is possible with absorbable gelatin sponge as the scaffold and MTA,pulp regeneration of acute pulpitis and chronic closed pulpitis are more likely to induce.

Objective:To study percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage(PTGD) under color Doppler ultrasound in critically ill patients with acute calculus cholecystitis.Methods:A paracentetic needl was stuck into the cholecyst after going straight through 1.5-2.5 cm hepar under color Doppler ultrasound.The operator took out the bullet core,put in a guide wire,extracted the needl,inserted a central venous catheter along the guide wire,and then drew out the bile and clusised the cholecyst with metronidazole until the extracted fluid was clear and bright.Results:PTGD immediately relieved the pain in the of upper right quadrant in all the patients.Body temperature and WBC descended obviously 24 hours and returned to normal 5 days after the operation. Conclusion:Color Doppler ultrasound guided PTGD,easy to perform and with few complications and high suness rate,is an returned effective and reliable procedure for critically ill patients who are intolerant of cholecystectomy or for whom the operation is difficult to perform.

Objective: To establish human embryonic kidney(HEK) 293 cell lines that that can stably express the muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(AChR).Methods: The pcDNA3.1 plasmid was constructed and transfected into HEK293 cells with lipofectin,the stable transfectants screened by G418 and the protein expression identified and analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Results: After G418 screening,14 of the transfected cell lines highly expreesed ?-nAchR and 4 showed an obvious expression of ?-nAChR,as demonstrated by the immunohistochemical analysis.Conclusion: HEK293 cell lines stably expressing m-nAChR were constructed successfully.