Female ; Granulosa Cell Tumor ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Thyroid Neoplasms

Aiming to solve the problems in traditional classroom mode PBL teaching during clinical practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery,this paper investigated multi-pattern PBL teaching basing on Weblog,daily ward round and classroom discussion in the clinical practice,and focused on the practice methods,advantages and feature of this multi-pattern PBL teaching.

Adult ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Jaw Fixation Techniques ; Joint Dislocations ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; surgery ; Male ; Mandible ; surgery ; Mandibular Condyle ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; surgery ; Mandibular Fractures ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The expressions of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor (c-Met) protein were examined by immunohistochemistry in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms.The results showed that the positive rates of HGF and c-Met protein expressions in thyroid carcinomas were significantly higher than those of thyroid adenomas,and especially the expressions of HGF and c-Met proteins in follicular thyroid carcinomas were significantly higher than those in follicular thyroid adenomas.There existed significantly positive correlation between the expression degrees of HGF and c-Met in follicular thyroid carcinoma.Thus,the expressions of HGF and c-Met may be valuable in predicting prognosis of thyroid carcinomas and differentiating benign from malignant thyroid neoplasms.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil made in China for treating hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B patients.Methods This was a multicenter,double-blinded,randomized controlled trial.Two hundred and thirty-eight patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B were assigned to receive either adefovir dipivoxil(10 mg/d,120 patients)or placebo(118 patients)for 12 weeks in 5 medical centers in China.Then,both groups of patients entered 36 weeks open-labeled adefovir dipivoxil treatment phase(10 mg/d),The rates of serum HBV DNA clearances,alanine aminotransferase levels(ALT)normalization,HBeAg loss and anti-HBe seroconversion were evaluated respectively during and post the 48-week treatment.Results After 12 weeks of treatment,the rates of serum HBV DNA clearance(real-time fluorescent quanti- tative polymerase chain reaction,the detection limit was 1?10~4 copy per milliliter),ALT normaliza- tion,HBeAg loss and anti-HBe seroconversion of adefovir dipivoxil group were all significantly higher than those of placebo group(50.0% vs 5.1%,35.0% vs 8.5%,12.5% vs 2.5% and 5.8% vs 0, respectively,x~2=59.89,24.52,P0.05).The safety profile of adefovir dipivoxil was similar to that of placebo. Conclusions The safety profile and efficacy of domestic adefovir dipivoxil for treating HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients are similar to its counterparts that have been licensed aboard.

Objective　To study the indication, contraindication and short-term clinical effects of stereotactic radiotherapy (X-knife) in lung cancer. Methods　A total of 56 cases (Treatment group) of lung cancer were treated with X-knife composing of the modern 3-D treatment planning system and the stereotactic body frame, and SL-75 accelerator. And another 53 cases only treated with routine external radiation served as the control. In treatment group, 42 cases received 50 Gy radiation, at 2 Gy per day, 5 d per week in the upper mediastinum, hilus of lung, below the primary focus first and then underwent X-knife for the primary focuses, and other 14 recurrent and metastatic cases received irradiation of 8-12 Gy per day, 5 d by X-knife alone. Results　The actually reexamination rate for 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after X-knife treatment in 78 focuses from 56 cases was 79.5% (62/78), 89.8% (70/78), 87.2% (68/78) and 78.2% (61/78) respectively. The focuses reappeared in 3 months after the treatment and the growth rates of focus in 3, 6, and 12 month after the treatment were 2.6% (2/78), 5.1% and 9% (7/78) respectively. There were 2 focuses received a second treatment with X-knife because no change after the first one. Both the 1-and 2-year survival rates of 36 cases of the primary lung cancer in the treatment group were higher than that of control group (89.1%, 53.9% and 77.4%, 39.6%). Conclusion　The stereotactic radiotherapy is of applicable and prospective in the treatment of lung cancer. The indications include: ①As a boost dose in case when primary focus is less than 5 cm after the first external radiotherapy may reduce the exposure of lung tissue to x-ray and the occurrence of radiation pneumonia; ②Treatment for the recurrence after radiotherapy and operation; ③Radical treatment for the metastatic focus less than 5 cm. Attention must be paid to when multiple treatment is carried on the volume of the focus, the Karnofsky scores and the general condition when stereotactic radiotherapy combined with X-knife for lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the incidence of pancreatic cancer-related depression in Guangzhou,China.Methods A multicenter,prospective survey was conducted,50 patients with pancreatic cancer,60 with liver cancer,50 with esophageal cancer,50 with gastric cancer,52 with colorectal cancer were enrolled from 4 hospitals in Guangzhou between June 2007 and June 2009.Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-24 (HAMD-24) questionnaire was used to assess the degree of depression.Results The incidence of depression in pancreatic cancer patients was 78% (39/50),which was significantly higher than that among liver cancer patients (60% ,36/60),gastric cancer patients (36%,18/50),esophageal cancer patients(24%,12/50),and colorectal cancer patients(19.2%,10/52,P＜0.05 ).Twelve of 50 patients in pancreatic cancer were reported to have severe depression (24%),which was significantly more than that in liver cancer (10%,6/60),gastric cancer (4%,2/50),esophageal and colorectal cancer (0,P ＜0.05).In pancreatic cancer patients,the incidence of depression was significantly higher in patients with advanced stage (94.3%) than that in early stage (46.7%,P＜0.05).Patients who underwent chemotherapy had high incidence of depression(92.3%)than that of patients who underwent operation (62.5%,P＜0.05 ).Conclusions Compared with other cancers of digestive tract,the incidence of pancreatic cancer-related depression was higher,and its degree was more severe than that of other cancers.

OBJECTIVE Oxidative sress is one of the key factor responsible for occurrence and development of hepatic fibrosis, a common consequence of chronic liver injury of multiple etiology. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) serves as a major regulator of a celular defense system against oxidative stress. Xiaochaihutang (XCHT), a compound of seven botanical extracts used for liver diseases traditionally in East Asia. However, few studies have investigated its anti-hepatic fibrosis effects and pathophysiological mechanism of action. The present study was designed to confirm the anti-hepatic fibrosis effects and explore its potential mechanism of action by investigating the intervention of Nrf2 pathway. METHODS Liver fibrosis was induced by repeated injection of Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) over a period of 9 weeks. Starting from the 6th week, the animals in treatment groups were given the appropriate dose of XCHT granules and silybin. Biochemical parameters, histological changes of the liver and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were determined. The expressions of Nrf2, Keap1, Nqo1, HO-1, Gclc and Gclm were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS CCl4 caused a significant fibrosis damage in the rat liver and the liver functions and fibrosis degree were significantly improved by XCHT (5 g·kg- 1 and 10 g·kg- 1). XCHT (5 g·kg- 1 and 10 g·kg- 1) treatment significantly decreased the number of cells labeled with α-SMA antibodies. Moreover, XCHT (5 g·kg-1 and 10 g·kg-1) significantly increase Nqo1, HO-1, Gclc and Gclm expressions in the liver. CONCLUSION These studies establish XCHT is a potentially useful therapeutic agent for treatment of hepatic fibrosis and it might be via regulation of Nrf2 pathway in rats against oxidative stress, making further efforts to inhibiting the activated HSCs. Activation or up-regulation of Nrf2 pathway may be an alternative treatment strategy for liver fibrosis.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the use of titanium mesh reconstruction after sternal tumor resection.

METHODSFrom January 2007 to January 2011, 14 patients with sternal tumors were admitted into Peking Union Medical Hospital. The clinical characteristics, surgical resection, and technique of reconstruction were reviewed.

RESULTSOf the 14 patients, 3 had a metastatic sternal tumor, the primary sites of which were as follows: hepatic carcinoma in one case (metastasis 19 years after operation), breast carcinoma in another case (metastasis 5 years after operation), and renal carcinoma in the other case (found simultaneously). Two patients showed local involvement of the sternum: 1 had thymic carcinoma, and the other had myofibrosarcoma. The remaining 9 patients had primary tumors: 4 were osteochondroma, 3 chondrosarcoma, 1 eosinophilic granuloma, 1 non-Hodgekin's lymphoma. En bloc resection of the sternal tumor was performed in all the 14 patients. The defect was repaired with the titanium mesh adjusted to the shape of the defect and fixed with the stainless steel wire. Eleven patients were followed up for a period from 2 months to 4 years, during which no translocation or broken of the titanium mesh was observed.

CONCLUSIONSRadical en bloc excision remains the treatment of choice for sternal tumors. Sternum defect reconstruction using titanium mesh as a rigid replacement proves appropriate and effective.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Sternum ; surgery ; Surgical Mesh ; Titanium

Female sexual dysfunction(FSD) is an age-related progressive disease and may affect up to half of adult women. It has not been paid attention to for a long time. This paper reviews the current information on the anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of FSD. In addition the diagnosis and treatment of FSD are also described. It aims at improving the knowledge of FSD.
Female ; Genitalia, Female ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Sexual Behavior ; physiology ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy