Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and its receptor type 1 (PTH1 R) are extensively expressed in the kidney,where they are able to modulate renal function.Animal and human studies have shown that PTHrP acts as an important mediator of diabetic renal cell hypertrophy by a meehanism which involves the modulation of cell cycle regulatory proteins and TGF-β1.Furthermore,angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) appears to be responsible for PTHrP upregulation in these conditions.These findings provide novel insights into the well-known protective effects of Ang Ⅱ antagonists in renal diseases,paving the wav for new therapeutic approaches.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression profile of inflammation related genes in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by functional gene chip technique and to probe into the role of correlative genes in pathogenesis of the laryngeal squamous cell cancer and in tumor immunity. METHODS The total RNAs were respectively extracted from two pair samples of laryngeal tumor and the normal tissue around the tumor, and then were reversely transcribed to cDNAs, then synthesized to cRNAs. The cRNAs were labeled with the hybridization probes. The probes were then hybridized with four pieces of inflammation related genes chip. It was chemiluminescently detected and the acquired image was analyzed with special software. RESULTS Forty genes were differently expressed in inflammation related gene profile of laryngeal tumor, among which 22 genes were upregulated and 18 genes were down regulated. Thirteen genes were shown differential expression in both chips with 10 upregulated genes and 3 downregulated genes. CONCLUSION The differently expressed genes in inflammation related gene chips will provide clues and theoretical foundation for the investigation of the relationship between tumor and inflammation, and also the immune pathogenesis of laryngeal tumor. Furthermore CCL-7 may have an important role in the occurrence of laryngeal cancer, and the role of immunity of the pathogenesis of laryngeal tumor needs further studied.

Objective To observe the effect of blood-cooling and blood-stasis-removing Decoction on anti-double-strain DNA ( anti-dsDNA) antibody, anti-nucleosome antibody ( AnuA) and serum levels of interleukin ( IL) -6, 17, 21 in spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE) MRL/lpr experimental rats. Methods The experimental rats were divided into blank control group, model group, and high- and low- dose Chinese medicine groups ( 25.2, 12.6 g/kg respectively) , the treatment lasting 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the blood taken from the orbital veins was separated for obtaining serum, and then the serum anti-dsDNA antibody, AnuA, IL-6,17,21 levels were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA). Results The serum autoantibody and IL-6, 17, 21 levels of rats in the model group were increased significantly as compared with the blank control group ( P<0.01). The serum antibody and cytokine levels of Chinese medicine groups were reduced as compared with the model group, the difference between high-dose Chinese medicine group and model group being significant ( P<0.01). Conclusion Blood-cooling and blood-stasis-removing Decoction has certain effect on reducing the serum levels of anti-dsDNA antibody, AnuA, and IL-6,17,21, which may coniribute to one of its therapeutic mechanisms for SLE.

Objective To investigate the function role and mechanism of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38MAPK) in up-regulating osteopontin mRNA expression in rat glomerular mesangial cells induced by interleukin-1?.Methods Activation of p38MAPK was detected with Western blotting,The effect of p38MAPK specific blockade SB203580 on the expression of osteoponlin mRNA in rat mesangial cells induced by interleukin-1? was measured with RT-PCR. Results interleukin-1? could activate p38MAPK in time- and dosage-dependent manner,and up-regulate osteopontin mRNA expression in rat glomerular mesangial cells. SB203580 obviously inhibited the up-regulation of osteopontin mRNA induced by interleukin-1? in dosage dependent manner. Conclusion p38MAPK may play an important role in the up-regulation of osteopontin in rat glomerular mesangial cells induced by interleukin-1?.

Objective To evaluate the survival and adverse effects of adjuvant concurrent temozolomid (TMZ) combined with radiochemotherapy in postoperative patients with high grade intracranial glioma.Methods 84 postoperative patients with high grade intracranial glioma were randomly divided into the observation group (42 cases including 25 grade Ⅲ cases and 17 grade Ⅳ cases) and the control group (42 cases including 23 grade Ⅲ cases and 19 grade Ⅳ cases).All patients were treated with concurrent radiochemotherapy after surgical operations,the total radiation dose was 60-66 Gy.The patients in observation group were given daily oral TMZ 75 mg/m2 during radiotherapy.4 weeks after radiotherapy,all of the patients received 6 cycles of TMZ,each cycle lasted 5 days with 28 days interval between each cycles.150 mg/m2 of TMZ was given for the first cycle for 5 days,followed by 200 mg/m2 of drug for the rest of the cycles if no significant drug related toxicities were observed.Results The overall response rates (CR+ PR) were 71.7 ％ (33/46) in the observation group,and 32.6 ％ (15/46) in the control group,and with significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.001).The 1,2 and 3 year survival rates of patients in the observation group were 71.7 ％,47.8 ％,36.9 ％,and 56.5 ％,26.1％,15.2 ％ in the control group.The significant differences were found in 2-year and 3-year survival rates between the two groups (P =0.031,0.018).The median recurrent period in the observation group were 22 and 12 months in the control group,and with singnificant difference (P =0.015).The main side effects were limited to grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ.Conclusions Concurrent TMZ combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of high grade gliomas has better clinical efficacy,and can improve the 2-year and 3-year survival rates.Patients tolerate the strategy well and no severe toxicities are observed.

Objective To analyze the cost-effectiveness of integrated pharmaceutical care (IPC) in community-based patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods The COPD patients were divided randomly into intervention group (group A,n =79) and control group (group B,n =71).Group A received the IPC intervention measures,including serial lectures of pharmaceutical knowledge,home supervision and web-based communications for while group B group had none.Results As compared with group B,group A obviously improved on the knowledge of pharmaceutical treatment effect and side effect (95.1％,67.4％ vs.63.1％,21.9％,x2 =12.445,P=0.000 vs.x2 =55.557,P=0.000).There were notable differences between two groups [ ( 1.77 ± 1.23 ) vs.( 2.42 ± 1.66 ) s,t =2.583,P=0.011],pulmonary rales [ (0.01 vs.0.01)s,Z =2.370,P=0.018],6-min walk distance (6 MWD) [ (457 ± 67 ) vs.(425 ± 72) m,t =2.760,P =0.007 ],vital capacity ( VC ) [ ( 1.60 ± 0.25 ) vs.( 1.49 ± 0.23 ) L,t =2.718,P =0.007 ) ] andquality-of-life items ( 48 ± 10 vs.52 ± 11,t =2.624,P =0.010) after intervention.Analyze of cost-effectiveness show that groupA was superior to group B [ total effect total cost(TE/TC =764.6/4936,15.49％ )vs.(TE/TC =1509.4/4708),32.06％,x2 =6.183,P ＜ 0.01 ].Conclusion IPC can improve the disease condition and achieve excellent cost-effectiveness for community-based COPD patients.

Objective To evaluate and monitor the efifcacy of GnRH analogs (GnRHa) therapy. Methods Thirty girls with central precocious puberty diagnosied by LHRH stimulation test were treated with GnRHa for 6-24 months. The LHRH stimula-tion test were performed again at 3 months after initiation of therapy and then every 6 months during treatment. The relationship of peark LH and clinical suppressing pubertal (including Turner stage, bone age, grwoth speed) were compared. The monitor effect of peak LH to efifcacy of GnRHa were eveluated. Results Ninety LHRH stimulation tests were performed, only 7 cases were found to have clinical pubertal development. After 6 months treatment, the base LH level of thirty girls (0.48±0.20) IU/L was signiifcantly lower than that before the treatment (0.75±0.35 IU/L) (P=0.000). The correlation coefifcient between base LH and peak LH was 0.62. The best correlation between clinical suppressing pubertal and LHRH stimulation test was achieved when peak LH was less than 2 IU/L (85.7%sensitivity, 100%speciifcity). Conclusions Base LH value can be used in preliminary as-sessment of the efifcacy of GnRHa therapy for girls with central precocious puberty. The peak LH less than 2 IU/L can be as the indicator of treatment efifcacy.

Objective To investigate the changes of the serum levels of necrosis alpha (TNF-o)and interleukin 10( IL-10 )in patients with hypertensive renal damage,and to study the correlation of TNF-α and IL-10 with the hypertensive renal damage. Methods Seventy three patients with primary hypertension were divided into two groups according to their urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER): simple hypertensive group( n = 37 ),hypertensive renal damage group(n =36). TNF-α and IL-10 were measured using radioimmune assay. Thirty normotensive healthy persons were selected as normotensive control group. Results TNF-α were significantly higher and IL-10 significantly lower in patients with essential hypertension than those in normotensive control group(TNF-α: [2.91 ±0.94]μg/L vs [0.98 ±0.35]μg/L,P＜0. 05;IL-10:[ 19.2 ±5.8]μg/L vs [28.6±5. 7] μg/L,P ＜0. 01 ) ,and in patients with hypertension,those with renal damage had higher TNF-α and lower IL-10 than those without( TNF-α: [ 3.75 ± 0. 88 ] μg/L vs [ 1.87 ± 0. 58 ] μg/L, P ＜ 0. 01; IL-10: [ 15. 4 ± 4. 3 ]μg/L vs [ 22. 5 ± 5.9 ] μg/L, P ＜ 0. 01 ), with statistically significant difference between groups ( P ＜ 0. 01 ).TN F-α and IL- 10 were found to have correlations with UAER ( r = 0. 703, P ＜ 0. 001; r = - 0. 613, P ＜ 0. 001 ),but no correlation with the level of blood pressure. Conclusion TNF-α increased and IL-10 decreased significantly in patients with hypertensive renal damage, which indicates that the imbalanced cytokine network may play a role in the pathological mechanisms of hypertensive renal damage.

Objective:To obtain antibodies against amylin from a 'naive' human Fab fragment antibody phage diasplay library and to analyze the specificity of antigen binding activity.Methods:Panning and screening Fab antibody from the antibody library,the positive clones with well reactivity to amylin were selected after five times selection of 'adsorption-elution-enrichment'.Then the plasmid DNA which was extracted from the clones,was digested with Spe Ⅰ and Nhe Ⅰ to delete gⅢ (about 660 bp).The digested 47 000 bp DNA which was purified after separation of bands from agarose gel was ligated with T4-DNA ligase.The constructed expressing phagemids were transformed to the BL21(DE3)pLysS,soluble Fab was expressed in it by the induction of IPTG and its characteristics and specificity were determined by ELISA and Western blot.Results:Soluble Fab antibodies were expressed in E.coli.According with molecular weight of IgG Fab,protein band of about 47 kD was shown by SDS-PAGE.Western blot using the goat anti human IgG-HRP showed their binding activities.ELISA showed their specificity with amylin antigens and they did not react with bovine serum albumin.Conclusion:The high level expression and identification of the soluble human anti- amylin Fab fragment antibodies has been obtained successfully,which lays a solid foundation for further researching about the biological and pathological activities of amylin.

BACKGROUND: Recently, with the increasing popularity of dental implant and orthognathic surgery, more and more people pay attention to the structure of mandibular canal and adjacent tissues. However, there are few reports addressing specimen measurements at home and abroad. OBJECTIVE: To measure the anatomical data of mandibular canal and adjacent tissue of mandible specimen to provide reliable reference data and anatomical evidence for alveolus surgery, tooth implantation, and orthognathic surgery. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A controlled observation was performed at the Laboratory of Anatomy, Jilin Medical College between March 2007 and September 2007. MATERIALS: Twenty complete mandible specimens. METHODS: Sixteen adult, ex vivo mandibles with complete dentition and 4 edentulous mandibles were measured in every dental position of sagittal profile and posterior mental foramen in terms of molar, alveolar crest, and mandibular canal. Data were statistically analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mental foramen location, horizontal distance from anterior border of mental foramen to anterior border of mental canal, mandibular foramen location, distances from mandibular canal to molar root tip, lingual bone plate of mandible, inferior border of mandible, mandibular buccal bone plate, and alveolar ridge crest. RESULTS: Mandibular canal, located in the inferior region of the mandible body, ran towards the lingual side and was close to the inferior border of mandible and most close to the mandibular molar root tip. It turned towards posterolateral and buccal side in front of mental foramen and then passed through mental foramen. The distance of mandibular canal between edentulous mandible and alveolar ridge crest was obviously shortened. CONCLUSION: Multi-section observation and measurement of ex vivo mandible specimens provide precise, reliable evidence for preoperative design of orthognathic surgery, facilitate surgeons to better formulate surgical proposals, and prevent some complications, including intraoperative massive hemorrhage, interior alveolar nerve injury, mandibular angle fracture, and mental bone lateral wall perforation.