Background and purpose:Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly human malignant neoplasms. Resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs is a major reason responsible for poor prognosis in the treatment of pancreatic cancer patients. MicroRNA (miRNA, miR) is a family of small non-coding RNA molecules, dysregulated miRNA is associated with various tumor biological function. miR-33a has been widely reported as a metabolism-related miRNA, while its relationship with drug resistance has little understand. This study was focused on the effect of miR-33a on gemcitabine chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer to bring the novel theoretical basis to chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer.Methods:In situ hybridization and Real-time PCR were used to analyze the miR-33a expressions in pancreatic cancer tissue sample and cell lines, respectively. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay was used to calculate the IC50 value of different pancreatic cancer cells.Results:miR-33a was down-regulated in pancreatic cancer tissue and cell lines compared with para-cancerous tissues and normal HEK293T cells. Moreover, miR-33a over expression not only could enhance the chemosensitivity to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells, but also rescue the gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells.Conclusion:Down regulation of miR-33a in pancreatic cancer decreases the chemosensitivity to gemcitabine, resulting in development of acquired gemcitabine chemoresistance. It provides the theoretical basis to develop a new molecular targeted drug to combine with chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer.

Objective To investigate Hysterothylacium aduncum (Anisakidae) infection in marine fishes from Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. Methods Nematodes were collected from the digestive tract of fishes, fixed with hot 4% formalin and preserved in 70% ethanol for study. The specimens were cleared in lactophenol for light microscopical examination, and properly treated for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results Among the fishes examined, 14 out of 93 species (15.1%) were found infected by H.aduncum, with a higher prevalence in the fish of Lophius litulon(66.7%), Scomber-omorus niphonius(47.5%), and Gadus macrocephalus(33.3%). H.aduncum infection was first recorded in elasmobranch-Raja smirnovi. Morphological differences of H.aduncum were observed, including the width of lateral alae and the length of intestinal caecum. Conclusion H.aduncum in fishes of Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea in China may be a complex species, and its high prevalence in some fishes reminds the risk of anisakiasis by eating raw fishes.

aused by the wrong maneuvers by inexperienced operators.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of triterpenoid in the roots of Actinidia deliciosa from Guangxi. METHODS: With the content of 2?,3?,24-trihydroxyursa-12-en-28-oic acid used as index. The separation was performed on Thermo Hypersil BDS C18 column (250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) with 2?,3?,24-trihydroxyursa-12-en-28-oic acid as standard substance. The mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.2% phosphoric acid (73 ∶ 27) with column temperature set at 20 ℃. The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL?min-1 and detection wavelength was 210 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of 2?,3?,24-trihydroxyursa-12-en-28-oic acid were 0.025～0.200 mg?mL-1(r=0.999 8). The average recovery was 99.79%(RSD=1.54%,n=6). CONCLUSION: The method is accurate, reliable and reproducible for the quality control of the roots of A. deliciosa from Guangxi.

Objective To evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of propofol used to supplement spinal anesthesia for sedation in the pediatric patients undergoing lower abdominal or lower extremity operations.Methods One hundred twenty pediatric patients of both sexes, aged 2-5 yr, weighing 11-21 kg, of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ , scheduled for elective lower abdominal or lower extremity operations were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =40 each) using a random number table: general anesthesia group (group G), propofol used to supplement caudal block for sedation group (group PS+CB) , and propofol used to supplement spinal anesthesia for sedation group (group PS+SA).In group G, after induction of anesthesia, laryngeal mask airway was inserted, the patients were then mechanically ventilated, and anesthesia was maintained with iv infusion of propofol (5-7 mg· kg-1 · h-1), remifentanil (20-25 μg· kg-1 · h 1) and cisatracurium besylate (0.1 mg· kg-1 · h 1).In group PS+CB, caudal block was performed with the mixture 0.8 ml/kg of 1％ lidocaine and 0.25％ bupivacaine.In group PS+SA, spinal anesthesia was performed with isobaric bupivacaine 1.0 mg/age.Propofol was then infused at 3-5 mg · kg-1 · h-1 for sedation in PS+CB and PS+SA groups.Before anesthesia (baseline, T0) and at 1, 5 and 10 min after emergence from anesthesia (T1-3) , heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded.The emergence time, time for recovery of orientation, and duration of stay in postanesthesia care unit were recorded.Pain was assessed and scored, and agitation was graded at 5 min after emergence from anesthesia, and the occurrence of intraoperative traction reaction, body movement and nausea and vomiting within 24 h after operation was recorded.Results No intraoperative traction reaction and body movement was found in group PS+SA, and no patients stayed in postanesthesia care unit in PS+CB and PS+SA groups.HR and MAP were significantly higher at T1-3 than at T0 in group G (P＜0.05).Compare with group G, the HR, MAP at T1-3, pain scores, agitation scores, incidence of nausea and vomiting were significantly decreased, and the emergence time and time for recovery of orientation were shortened in groups PS+CB and PS+SA (P＜0.05).Conclusion Propofol used to supplement spinal anesthesia for sedation is effective and provides faster recovery from anesthesia with fewer complications in the pediatric patients undergoing lower abdominal or lower extremity operations.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Hyaluronic acid-methyl collagen-terpolymer (HEMA-MMA-MAA)/Doxorubicin com-pound membranes-loaded tantalum stent,and to optimize the formulation. METHODS:Electrostatic self-assembly reaction was ad-opted to prepare compound membranes using metal tantalum stent as carrier,hyaluronic acid,methyl collagen and terpolymer as ex-cipients. With 1 and 30 d accumulative release rate as index,orthogonal test was used to optimize mass concentrations of hyaluron-ic acid,methyl collagen and terpolymer,and validated. The drug release behavior in vitro were investigated. RESULTS:The opti-mal formulation was as hyaluronic acid 1 mg/ml,methyl collagen 4.5 mg/ml and terpolymer 100 mg/ml. 1 and 30 d accumulative release rates of prepared tantalum stent were 7.57%(RSD=2.3%,n=3) and 84.14%(RSD=2.1%,n=3),respectively. 20 d later,dissolution rate approximated to zero level rate of drug release. CONCLUSIONS:Hyaluronic acid-methyl collagen-terpoly-mer/Doxorubicin compound membranes-loaded tantalum stent with sustained-release property is prepared successfully.

Objective To investigate the effects of exogenous prostaglandin E 1 (PGE 1) on expression of platelet derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) mRNA and its receptor ? protein in rabbit with schistosomiasis. Methods In this study, 14 rabbits were infected with cercaria of S. japonicum percutaneously. PGE 1 ( 2.5 ?g/kg?d -1 ) was given intravenously to 7 rabbits from the 60th day to day 120. The expressions of PDGF-B mRNA, PDGFR ? protein and ?-SMA were detected by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Endogenous IFN-? was measured by in situ hybridization. Results Up-regulated expressions of PDGF-B mRNA, receptor ? protein as well as ?-SMA were observed in rabbits with Schistosome hepatic fibrosis. The increased expressions of PDGF mRNA and receptor ? were suppressed in rabbits treated with exogenous PGE 1 (29.42?5.05 vs 41.37?7.23, P

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Choledochostomy ; methods ; Common Bile Duct ; surgery ; Common Bile Duct Neoplasms ; complications ; Drainage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; blood ; etiology ; surgery ; Jejunum ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; complications ; Survival Rate ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; blood

Objective To evaluate effects of glycemic control on refraction in diabetic patients.Methods Twenty newly diagnosed diabetic patients were included in this study. The random blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin A1c( HbA1c) levels, fasting C-peptide and postprandial 2 h C-peptide levels were measured before treatment. The patients with random blood glucose ≥ 12. 0 mmol/L and HbA1c ≥ 10. 0%were selected. Refraction, intraocular pressure, radius of the anterior corneal curvature, depth of the anterior chamber, lens thickness, vitreous length, and axial length were measured on admission and at the end of week 1,2, 3 and 4 during glycaemic control. Results A transient hyperopic change occurred in all the patients receiving glycemic control with a mean maximum hyperopic changes of 1.6 D ( 0. 50 D ～ 3.20 D). There was a positive correlation between the magnitude of the maximum hyperopic changes and the HbA1 c levels on admission ( r = 0.84, P ＜ 0.05 ). There was a positive correlation between the magnitude of the maximum hyperopic changes and the daily rate of blood glucose reduction over the first 7 days of the treatment ( r = 0.53, P ＜ 0.05 ). There was no significant correlation between the magnitude of the maximum hyperopic changes and the levels of random blood glucose on admission. No significant correlation was observed between the maximum hyperopic changes and fasting C-peptide or postprandial 2 h C-peptide.There were no significant correlations between the magnitude of the maximum hyperopic changes and age,blood press, body mass index, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein or high-density lipoprotein. No significant changes were observed in the intraocular pressure, radius of the anterior corneal curvature, depth of the anterior chamber, lens thickness, vitreous length and axial length during glycemic control. Conclusions Transient hyperopic changes occur after glycemic control in diabetic patients with severe hyperglycaemia. The degrees of transient hyperopia are highly dependent on HbA1c levels before treatment and the rate of reduction of glucose level over the first 7 days of treatment. This is probably due to the decrease of refractive power by lens hydration, not morphological change of lens.

Adenoidectomy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery