Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of uroflowmetry of specific bladder capacity in the detection of early diabetic cystopathy (DCP). Methods One hundred and nine patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 48 normal control subjects (control group) were completed the uroflowmetry in bladder capacity about 300 ml. The patients with DM were divided into DM course≥10 years group and DM course<10 years group, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)≥7%group and HbA1c<7%group according to the course and HbA1c. The volume leading to first bladder sensation, maximal flow rate (MFR) and average flow rate (AFR) of bladder capacity about 300 ml, and residual urine volume afteremptyingwere measured by uroflowmetry. Results Among the 109 patients with DM, 74 cases (DCP group) had residual urine, and the incidence of DCP was 67.89% (74/109). Thirty-five cases (no-DCP group) had no residual urine. In control group, 8 cases had residual urine. The MFR and AFR in DCP group and no-DCP group were significantly lower than those in control group: (14.44 ± 5.90) and (17.38 ± 5.93) ml/s vs. (23.73 ± 5.81) ml/s, (9.52 ± 4.97) and (10.38 ± 4.46) ml/s vs. (15.88 ± 4.95) ml/s, and the MFR and AFR in DCP group were significantly lower than those in no-DCP group;the residual urine volume in DCP group was significantly higher than that in no-DCP group and control group: 26 (15 - 40) ml vs. 0 and 0 (0 - 51) ml, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The MFR and AFR in DM course ≥ 10 years group (27 cases) and DM course < 10 years group (82 cases) were significantly lower than those in control group:(13.34 ± 5.48) and (16.07 ± 6.09) ml/s vs. (23.73 ± 5.81) ml/s, (8.62 ± 3.28) and (10.19 ± 4.96) ml/s vs. (15.88 ± 4.95) ml/s, and the residual urine volume was significantly higher than that in control group:18 (0-75) and 15 (0-30) ml vs. 0 (0-51) ml. The MFR in DM course ≥ 10 years group was significantly lower than that in DM course< 10 years group, and the residual urine volume was significantly higher than that in DM course < 10 years group. There were statistical differences (P<0.05). The MFR and AFR in HbA1c≥7%group (92 cases) and HbA1c<7% group (17 cases) were significantly lower than those in control group: (15.51 ± 5.98) and (15.53 ± 6.60) ml/s vs. (23.73 ± 5.81) ml/s, (9.92 ± 4.74) and (9.88 ± 4.72) ml/s vs. (15.88 ± 4.95) ml/s, and the residual urine volume was significantly higher than that in control group: 17 (0 - 35) and 0 (0 - 24) ml vs. 0 (0 - 51) ml. There were statistical differences (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences between HbA1c ≥ 7% group and HbA1c < 7% group (P>0.05). There were no statistical differences in volume leading to first bladder sensation (P>0.05). Conclusions MFR decrease detected with the technology of uroflowmetry specific bladder capacity may be widely used in screening early DCP.

The common respiratory pathogens which can cause children kidney disease include bacteria,viru-ses,mycoplasma pneumonia,and so on,the major clinical manifestations of infectious renal injury are glomerular nephri-tis,nephrotic syndrome,interstitial nephritis and renal subclinical glomerulonephritis. Group A β - hemolytic streptococ-cus is the most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis in children(50% - 90% ). Mycoplasma pneumoniae infec-tions and respiratory tract virus - associated renal injury are the important part of kidney disease in children with acute non - streptococcal infection,and comparing with the streptococcal glomerulonephritis,the process and prognosis of my-coplasma and virus infection are relatively better,and the level of blood urine,hypertension and serum complement is lower,with shorter duration and rapid recovery,and the duration of edema and proteinuria in children with nephrotic syndrome is shorter as well. There may be similar genetics and immunology pathogenesis between virus - induced wheezing or asthma and kidney injury in children.

Objective To explore the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) mRNA and high-affinity receptor TrkB mRNA in the prefrontal cortex of the post stroke depression in the rats.Methods Focal cerebral ischemic rat models were made with thread embolism method.Post stroke depression(PSD) rat models were established with comprehensive separately breeding and chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) on this basis.Normal control group,depression group and stroke group were used to compare with PSD group.8 rats were used in each group.RT-PCR was employed to detect gene expression of BDNF and TrkB.GADPH was used as control at 29th day after the CUMS.Results The results showed that the gene level of BNDF in the prefrontal cortex of rat subjected PSD was lowest among all groups(0.75 ± 0.21).And the expression of BNDF mRNA in the normal control rats was (0.83 ± 0.16) and was highest among all groups.While it was (0.77 ± 0.22) in the depression group and (0.80 ± 0.20) in the stroke group.The one-way analysis of variance showed the expression of BDNF mRNA in the prefrontal cortex decreased significantly in the PSD group compared with normal control rats (P ＜ 0.05).Whereas,the expression of TrkB mRNA had no statistical difference among groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The downregulation of BDNF mRNA in the prefrontal cortex may be responsible for the pathogenesis of PSD.

Objective To explore the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) and highaffinity receptors tropomyosin receptor kinase B(TrkB) protien in the prefrontal cortex of the post stroke depression in the rats.Methods Focal cerebral ischemic rat models were made with thread embolization method.Post stroke depression rat models were established with comprehensive separately breeding and chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) on this basis.Normal control group,depression group and stroke group were used to compared with PSD group.6 rats were used in each group.Immunohistochemistry for detecting the expression of BDNF and TrkB in the prefrontal was used at 29th day since the CUMS.Results The number of BNDF immunopositive cells in PSD group was the least ((21.00 ± 12.41) per microscope field of vision) than other groups.Whereas there was no statistical difference among groups(P＞ 0.05).The number of TrkB immunopositive cells in the prefrontal cortex in PSD group was the least (20.78 ± 7.20) among three groups,and depreesion group was secondary (21.00 ±5.61).Stroke group has the most number of immunopositive cells(31.67 ± 7.38) in the prefrontal cortex among four groups.One way ANOVA statistical analysis showed the number of TrkB immunopositive cells decreased significantly in the PSD group and depression group compared with stroke group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The downregulation of TrkB immunopositive cells in the prefrontal cortex may be responsible for the pathogenesis of PSD.

Objective:To investigate the effects of the different static compressive stress on the proliferation and apoptosis of condylar chondrocytes in vitro.Methods: 0, 12, 24, 36 kPa static compressive stress were applied to the third passage of mandibular condylar chondrocytes for 1 hour respectively. The changes of proliferation and apoptosis of condylar chondrocytes were evaluated by flow cytometry analysis. Results: The index of proliferation and apoptosis of cells decreased with the magnitude value of static compressive stress except 24 kPa group. The most significant decrease of proliferative index and apoptosis index was found in 36 kPa group and 12 kPa group respectively. Conclusion: There might be some corelationships between magnitude of static compressive stress and the proliferation and apoptosis of condylar chondrocytes.

Objective To investigate the effects of silybin-phosphatidylcholine compound (SPC) on H2O2-induced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mouse macrophage.Methods Macrophage were collected in abdominal cavity of 6-8 week Kunming mouse,and cultured macrophage(2?108 L-1) were divided into control and SPC group randomly.Macrophage in control group were added into the same volume(0.1 mL) of 9 g/L sodium chloride.Macrophage in H2O2 group were added into a single bolus of H2O2 (1 mmol/L H2O2) for 30 min,while macrophage in SPC group were preincubated with different concentration of SPC for 2 h followed by a 30 min incubation with 1 mmol/L H2O2.Immunocytochemistry were used to measure the contents of inducible nitric-oxide synthase(iNOS),NO production was determined by Griess reactive, ROS was determined by DCFH-DA Fluorescence probe.Results The production of NO in H2O2 group markedly higher than that in control group(P

Purpose:To explore the preventive effect of hepatic arterial infusion (DDS) against recurrence of hepato- cellular carcinoma (HCC) after radical resection.Methods:From Jan,1996 to May,1998,287 patients of HCC after radical resection were randomly divided into four groups:intra-hepatic arterial infusion(97),intra-portal vein(80),intra-hepatic artery and portal vein (60),control (50).All patients received chemotherapy for two years and observed for postoperative recurrence of HCC.Results:The postoperative recurrence rate of HCC with intra-hepatic arterial infusion was significantly lower than that of intra-portal vein (P0.05).The 1～、2～ and 3～year survival rate of intra-hepatic arterial infusion was significantly higher than any of the other groups.Conclusions:Intra-hepatic arterial infusion (DDS) through gastro-duodenal artery can effectively pro- long the postoperative survival and decrease the post-operative recurrence rate of HCC.The preventive method of DDS through gastro-duodenal artery was safer and effective.

Animals ; Extremities ; blood supply ; Ischemia ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Carrier Proteins ; Humans ; Inflammasomes ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; Silicosis ; pathology

Purpose To explore the relationship between the mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) and KRAS genes and clinicopathological characteristics in patients with non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Methods Clinical samples from 431 NSCLC patients were obtained for EGFR and KRAS gene analysis. PCR based direct DNA sequencing was used to investigate mutations in exon 18-21 of EGFR gene and codon 12 and 13 of exon 2 of KRAS gene. Results The overall EGFR mutation rate of primary NSCLC was 53. 6% (231/431) in this study cohort and eight cases showed double EGFR mutations. Mutation rates in female and male were 65. 2% (122/187) and 46. 9% (98/209), respectively. The mutation rate was higher in patients with non-smokers and adeno-carcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma subtypes than in their counterparts (P<0. 05), with the percentage of 57. 2% (124/216), 60. 3% (199/330), 42. 9% (6/14), respectively. In squamous cell carcinomas and other subtypes, EGFR mutation rates were 11. 6% (5/43) and 11. 1% (1/9), respectively. The EGFR mutation types included exon 18 point mutations (4. 0%, 9/227), exon 19 deletion mutations (4. 5%, 101/227), exon 20 insert or point mutations (9. 7%, 22/227) and exon 21 point mutations (41. 4%, 94/227). Activating mutations of KRAS gene were detected in 7. 8%(31/396) of NSCLC. Twenty-eight patients showed codon 12 mutations ( G>T, G>A, G>C) , and three patients had codon 13 mutations ( G>A, G>T) . Most of these mutations were G to T transversion (64. 5%, 20/31). Conclusion Polymerase chain reaction-direct sequencing is a reliable and effective method for the detection of the EGFR and KRAS gene mutation in NSCLC patients. The mutation rate of EGFR is higher in Chinese patients, especial-ly in non-smoking female patients with adenocarcinoma.