Lung ultrasound(LUS)has gained increasing popularity among intensivists in recent dec-ades.Although limited by the presence of air,LUS has proved to be useful in the evaluation of a number of different acute and chronic conditions,such as pneumonia,pneumothorax,acute lung injury,alveolar-intersti-tial syndrome,pleural effusion,etc,and showed a relatively higher sensitivity,specificity and diagnostic accu-racy compared to routine radiographic imaging.It is also critical in improving the safety of pleural interven-tional procedures.The most common signs for diagnosing and differential diagnosing include the pleural line, lung sliding,the A-line,the quad sign,the sinusoid sign,the fractal,and tissue-like sign,the B-line,lung rock-ets,abolished lung sliding with the barcode sign,the lung point,the dynamic air bronchogram,etc.The BLUE-protocol allows differential diagnosis of acute respiratory failure.LUS is a feasible technique that can be used routinely and integrated into clinical practice in the fields of intensive care,emergency care,respirato-ry and general medicine.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the renal function and the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 and occluding in the kidney of rats with septicopyemia induced by lipopolysaccharide.Methods Thirty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n=10 each):control group( group C) , LPS group ( group M) , and dexmedetomidine group ( group Dex ) .In the groups Dex and LPS, the rats were infused with saline and lipopolysaccharide (5 mg/kg, i.v.) respectively.In the Dex group, after intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (5 mg/kg) , the rats were firstly infused the loaded dose of dexmedetomidine (7μg/kg) for 15 minutes, and then changed to 5 μg/kg· min for 30 minutes.Blood samples were collected at 24 h later for measuring TNF-α, IL-1β, Scr and BUN.The kidney tissues were examined by histopathology.The expression of ZO-1 and occludin was detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the group C, the kidney tissue of group M was extensively damaged with tubular dilatation and inflammation, while reduced in the group Dex.Compared with the group C, the expressions of Scr, BUN, IL-1βand TNF-αwere all enhanced in the groups M and Dex ( P <0.05 ) , while the inflammatory factors in the group Dex were significantly lower than those of the group M ( P <0.05 ) .The Results The Western blot analysis showed that the expressions of protein ZO-1 and occludin in the group Dex were significantly higher than those of the group M (P<0.05). Conclusions Dexmedetomidine can improve the renal function of rats with septicopyemia, inhibit the acute renal injury and inflammation, increase the expression of protein ZO-1, and exert certain protective effect on the kidneys.

Objective To study the mechanism of sacral plexus injury resulting from anteroposteri- or compression zone-Ⅱsacral fractures.Methods Six short-term(within one year)embalmed pelves were obtained from Anatomic Department of Hebei Medical University.The preserved sacral plexus and re- sected pubic symphysis were used to make the models of anteropesterior compression zone-Ⅱsacral frac- tures.Quantitative analysis for fracture displacement was carried out to observe the characteristics and mechanism of sacral plexus injury.The removed sacral plexus was replaced by proportional diameter silica gel pips filled with contrast medium.The experimental procedure was repeated under X-ray.The experi- mental data were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 statistic software to obtain result.Results In anteropostefior compression sacral fracture,sacral nerve canal was gradually opened and its volume raised.No sacral nerve was opressed in nerve canal.However ilium external rotation prolonged sacral nerves,especially S_1,S_4 and the more the pubic symphsis was separated the more the sacral plexus nerves were prolonged.At the same time,the sharp border of fracture segment stabbed the nerves,especially L_5(6 cases),S_1(5 cases)and S_2 (3 eases).Conclsions Sacral plexus is tightly connected with the wall of pelvic cavity and fixed. When zone-Ⅱsacral fractures happen sacral plexus is easily damaged.In anteroposterior compression sacral fracture,nerves S_1 and S_4 are likely to be damaged by dragment,and nerve compression injury is attributed to stabbing by fracture segment border,with L_5 and S_1.more hackneyed.

Adolescent ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Pulmonary Veins ; abnormalities ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the clinical application of ultrasound biomicroscopy in the treatment of congenital corneal opacities.Methods Medical records of 20 eyes (15 patients) with congenital corneal opacity treated at our hospital from July 2004 to November 2011 were retrospectively reviewed.Best corrected visual acuity testing,intraocular pressure testing,slit-lamp anterior segment examination,fundus examination,slit-lamp microscopic photography,B scan examination,and ultrasound biomicroscopy were performed for analysis of complications of congenital corneal opacity and selection of surgical approaches.Results The ultrasound biomicroscopic examination showed that 5 eyes had no Descemet's membrane and corneal endothelium,20 eyes had anterior synechia,5 eyes had aniridia,3 eyes had loss of lens cortex,13 eyes had cataract,14 eyes had closed angle,and 3 eyes had pupillary membrane.14 of 20 eyes received surgical treatment,including penetrating keratoplasty combined with cataract extraction and trabeculectomy (5 eyes),penetrating keratoplasty combined with pupil angioplasty (3 eyes),penetrating keratoplasty combined with cataract extraction (3 eyes),penetrating keratoplasty combined with trabeculectomy (2 eyes),and lamellar keratoplasty (1 eye).Conclusions Ultrasound biomicroscopy is important to guide the diagnosis and treatment of congenital corneal opacity.

Objective To construct pcDNA3 1(+)GDNF recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid and to investigate its expression in eukaryotic cells. Methods The coding sequence of GDNF was amplified from rat astrocytes by reverse transcription PCR (RT PCR) and cloned into pcDNA3 1(+) eukaryotic expression vector The recombinant pcDNA3 1(+)GDNF plasmid was then transfected into eukaryotic cells mediated by using Fu Gene 6 method Analysis by restricting enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing were carried out to demonstrate the sequence of the plasmid GDNF protein and its activity were then determined using pcDNA3 1(+)GDNF plasmid transfected eukaryotic cells Results RT PCR product is 640 bp specific segment Analysis by restricting enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing of pcDNA3 1(+)GDNF recombinant showed results from restricting enzyme were 640 bp and 300 bp segments respectively DNA sequencing revealed that GDNF cloning was successful The recombinant plasmid can express active GDNF protein in eukaryotic cells Conclusion The study on the role of both GDNF and gene therapy is significant in the treatment of Parkinson disease

BACKGROUND: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs), characterized by great differentiation potential, strong proliferation ability and low immunogenicity, exert an immeasurable role in wound repair and vascular regeneration in ischemic tissues.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of intraventricularly injected UC-MSCs on expression of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in the myocardium of myocardial infarction rats.METHODS: 120 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were selected randomly, among which, 20 healthy rats were randomly selected as controls and the rest rats were subcutaneously injected with isoproterenol to establish the myocardial infarction model. Model rats were randomized into model group, UC-MSC supernatant group, UC-MSC low-dose group,middle-dose group and high-dose group, with 20 rats in each group. Twenty-four hours after modeling, normal saline,UC-MSC supernatant, UC-MSC suspensions containing 0.25×106, 1.0×106, 4.0×106 cells (2 mL) were injected intraventricularly into the rats in the corresponding groups, respectively. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),end-systolic left ventricular volume (LVESV) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) were measured by echocardiography at 2 weeks after treatment. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and pro-brain natriuretic peptide (Pro-BNP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). At the end of the experiment, 10 rats were killed by dislocation and the cardiac specimens were taken. The myocardial infarct size was determined by nitroblue tetrazolium staining. The expressions of GM-CSF and TGF-β in the myocardium of rats in each group were determined by western blot method.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Higher LVEF levels and lower LVESV and LVEDV were found in the low-, middleand high-dose UC-MSC groups than the model group and UC-MSC supernatant group (P < 0.05). LVEF, LVEDV and LVEDV in the middle- and high-dose UC-MSC group were lower than those in the low-dose UC-MSC group (P < 0.05). (2)The levels of serum LDH, CK, Pro-BNP and myocardial tissue GM-CSF and TGF-β1 in the low-, middle- and high-dose UC-MSC group were significantly lower than those in the model group and UC-MSC supernatant group (P < 0.05).Compared with the low-dose UC-MSC group, the levels of serum LDH, CK, Pro-BNP and myocardial tissue GM-CSF and TGF-β1 were significantly lower in the middle- and high-dose UC-MSC groups (P < 0.05). (3) The myocardial infarct sizes of the low-, middle- and high-dose UC-MSC groups were significantly lower than those of the model and UC-MSC supernatant groups (P < 0.05), while the myocardial infarct sizes of middle- and high-dose UC-MSC groups were significantly lower than that of low-dose UC-MSC group (P < 0.05). To conclude, UC-MSCs can significantly reduce the expression of GM-CSF and TGF-β1 in the rat myocardium after myocardial infarction, effectively protect myocardial tissues, and improve cardiac function.

Objective To investigate the tissue structure of the human scalp hair follicles,the ability of hair follicle regeneration in vitro and the influence elements of growth and proliferation of follicle organ.Methods The paraffin sections of the 15 cases of human scalps and 150 cases of scalp hair follicle tissues were prepared,and morphological characteristics and organizational structures was observed by HE staining.The experience and growth pattern of the hair follicle that was cultured in Williams E medium in vitro were summarized.Results Human scalp contained a large number of hair follicles and sebaceous glands,sweat glands,and other skin accessories.Epithelial cells were rich in hair follicles and poorly differentiated in structure,and grew in the regular direction in scalp tissue.The Williams E was used to culture successfully human scalp hair follicles.Hair follicles grew with the fastest speed in the first 5 days.Compared with other media,the use of serum-free Williams E medium in the hair follicle in vitro experiments achieved better results.Conclusions Human scalp contained a large number of hair follicles and sebaceous glands,sweat glands,and other skin accessories.Williams E medium without serum medium was more conducive than other medium for hair follicle culture in vitro,so that regeneration of hair follicles in vitro with a better capacity created favorable conditions for the delay in hair transplant surgery.

Objective: Our purpose was to study the predictive factors of interferon(IFN) therapeutic effectiveness. Methods:Genotypes of HCV, HCV RNA quantities, β2 microglobulin, 2′- 5′oligoadenylate synthetase, and peripheral blood lymohocyte subgroup were detected by using specific primer PCR assay, energy transference technique of signal primer, sheet chromatography, radioimmunoassay, and APAAP immunoenzyme bridge technique respectively in 20 blood samples of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Results:(1)The patients who had lower level of HCV RNA before treatment and had continuing decreased HCV RNA level after treatment had good response to IFN treatment in follow-up survey. (2)The patients with HCV-Ⅲ type had complete response much more than those with HCV-Ⅱ type (P＜0.05).(3)The patients with lower level of 2′- 5′oligoadenylate synthetase before treatment might have good response to IFN treatment. (4) There was no significant change in β2 microglobulin level before and after treatment and in different response groups before treatment.(5) The CD+3, CD+4, and CD+4/CD+8 in peripheral blood increased after treatment. The patients in complete response group had higher level CD+3, CD+4, and CD+4/CD+8 than those in part response and non-response groups, but there was no significance in statisitcs. Conclusion:The HCV RNA quantities, HCV genotypes, 2′- 5′oligoadenylate synthetase level before treatment were predictive factors of IFN therapeutic effectiveness. The changes of HCV RNA level in treatment and follow-up survey had important significance in therapeutic evaluation, β2 microglobulin level, and lymphocyte subgroup before treatment were not used as predictive factors for IFN therapeutic effectiveness.

Lactose tolerance test with ethanol(LTTE)described by Arola was performed in 41 healthy children and lactose malabsorption(LM)could be diagnosed if blood galactose(B-gal)was less than 0.3 mmol/L or urine galactose less than 2 mmol/L.Then 138 healthy infants and children and 95 children with acute diarrhea were examined for LM or lactose intolerance(LI)with the urine samples of LTTE and symptom-response score(SRS).It was found that LTTE was reliable in the diagnosis of LM ;the incidence of LM or LI increased with the increase of age in children)and RV enteritis was liable to be complicated with LM or Li.