Objective To select a best type of macroporous resin for the isolation and purification of total alkaloids from Rhizoma Coptidis.Methods With the adsorption rate and desorption rate of total alkaloids from Rhizoma Coptidis as the observation indexes,an initial selection of macroporous resin was carried out in AB-8,HP20,LD605,ADS-3,ADS-5,D151,DA-201,XAD7 and NKA-9.After the initial selection,the desorption rate of berberine hydrochloride was used as the index for the further selection.Results Of the nine types of resin,ADS-3 had good adsorption and desorption activities,with an adsorption rate being 97.26% and a desorption rate being 84.82%.Meanwhile,the amount of desorpted berberine hydrochloride was up to 9.311 mg.Conclusion ADS-3 shows good adsorption and desorption properties for total alkaloids and berberine hydrochloride,and can be used for the isolation and purification of total alkaloids from Rhizoma Coptidis.

Objective:To investigate the abnormality of the craniofacial and upper airway structure in adults with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS).Methods:The craniofacial skeletal and upper airway morphology of 31 male adult patients with OSAS was measured by cephalometry and compared with that of a control group consisting of 16 male asymptom adults. Results:The significant aberrations in the OSAS group were: relative increased ANB and NA/PA(P

Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism

Objective To establish a HPLC method for the determination of kaempferol-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside in Hosta ventricosa stearn.Methods HPLC ana1ysis was carried out on a Phenomenex Luna C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) column,gradient elution with the mobile phase of 0.5 % phosphate acid in water-methanol.The detective wavelength was set at 364 nm.Results calibration curve was linear within the range of 0.113 ～ 2.260 ?g for kaempferol-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside,coefficient correlation being 1.The average recovery was 101.1 %(RSD= 2.58 %,n=6).Conclusion The content of kaempferol-7-O-?-D-glucopyranoside in Hosta ventricosa stearn is 0.2 mg/g(0.02 %) on average.This method is simple,accurate and practical for the determination of kaempferol-7O-?-D-glucopyranoside.

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are important kinases involved in the intracellular signaling transduction in mammalian. There are three major MAPK pathways: ERK/MAPK,JNK/SAPK and P38 MAPK. Current studies indicate that all of them play significant roles in the processing of pain especially in the development and maintenance of pathological pain. This review will focus on in the study of MAPK in pain modulation. The further insights into its mechanisms may highlight a nice prospect for the therapies of painful diseases.

Objective To determine and compare the daily cost of various ophthalmic solutions for glaucoma in China. Design Investigative study. Participants The majority ophthalmic solutions for glaucoma available in our country were included in the research. Methods Five bottles of each solution were tested separately by five researchers. After the number of drops and the actual volume for each bottle were calculated, the mean number of drops per bottle and the mean volume per bottle were determined. The volume per drop was calculated by dividing the mean volume per bottle by the mean number of drops per bottle, and the cost per drop was calculated by dividing the market price by the mean number of drops in a bottle. The number of days for both eyes usage per bottle was calculated by dividing the mean number of drops in a bottle by the number of drops required daily for both eyes. The cost per day was calculated by multiplying the cost per drop by the number of drops required daily for both eyes. Main Outcome Measures The number of days for both eyes usage per bottle and the daily cost: for both eyes usage per bottle. Results 1. The volume per drop ranged from 0.027 ml(Lumigan) to 0.053 ml(Chengrui and 0.5%Zhenrui). 2. The cost per bottle ranged from 5.7Yuan(Malaisuan Saimaluo'er) to 338Yuan (Xalatan). 3. The number of days for both eyes usage per bottle ranged from 52d (Lumigan) to 12d ( Zhenrui). 4. The daily cost for both eyes usage from expensive to cheap were Xalatan 7.51Yuan, Travatan 6.30 Yuan, Lumigan 3.84 Yuan, Alphagan 3.36 Yuan, Dilijian 2.97 Yuan, Pailiming 2.83 Yuan, 2%Zhenrui 2.34 Yuan, Betagan 2.11 Yuan, Beiteshu 2.0 Yuan, 0.5% Zhenrui 1.49 Yuan, 2%Huming 1.29 Yuan, Mikelan 1.21 Yuan,1%Huming 0.85 Yuan, Chengrui 0.63 Yuan, Malaisuan Saimaluo'er 0.23 Yuan. Conclusions The daily cost of ophthalmic solution for glaucoma ranged wildly. These data may be useful in selecting ophthalmic solution for glaucoma therapy.

Purpose To clone and express Trypanosoma Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) gene and to complete the purification and activity assay of LeuRS. Methods We cloned the LeuRS gene from T. Brucei genomic DNA,and cloned it into pBS-T and then into the expression vector pET21a( + ) .The expression of T. Brucei LeuRS was carried out in E. coli BL21 (DE3) RIPL host by optimizing the expression conditions. The products are purified by His-Bind affinity column and verified by Western blot . Enzymatic activity was detected by isotope labeling. Results A DNA fragment at length of 3.2 kb was amplified. Both restriction analysis and sequencing analysis proved that recombinant plasmid pET21a( + )/LeuRS was correctly constructed. The expressed product contained about 20% of total somatic soluble protein and reached a purity of 85% after purification . It was verified by the Western blot. Enzyme unit per millilitre of purified products was about 72. Conclusion Here we report the successful clone, expression and purification of LeuRS from Trypanosoma Brucei ( T. Brucei) in bacterial host. In addition, we tested its enzymatic activity by isotope labeling.This work would be helpful to the design and in vitro screening of Trypanosoma LeuRS inhibitors.

The treatment of cerebral palsy is still a big medical problem.The pathogenesis of spasticity,as result of a variety of lesions of the cerebral cortex,brain stem,spinal cord,is caused by involvement of the inhibitory pyramidal and parapyramidal descending tracts terminating on the spinal facilitatory myotatic reflex.A lesion of the descending tracts disturbs this equilibrium leading to spasticity,which is cha-racterized by muscle resistance at rest that is velocity dependent and associated with an increase in tonic stretch reflexes resulting from hype-rexcitability of the stretch reflex.Spasticity caused abnomal posture,caused special movement,and higher multilation,which affect children's life severely.There are so many ways to lower hypermyotonia,such as:drugs,rehabilitation care,acupuncture and so on.Bioelectric stimulation therapy is a new ways in the zone.Its curative effect and the mechanism are still in explore,this article just to give an overview about bioelectric stimulation therapy in curing spastic cerebral palsy.

Cancer stem cell (CSC) theory supposes that CSCs are the origin of tumors occurrence, progression,drug resistance, recurrence and metastasis. Cancer is not only a genetic disease but also a stem cell disease. Increasing evidence suggests the existence of CSCs in some solid tumors.