OBJECTIVE: To study the curative efficacy of Shuxuetong injection for vascular dementia(VD).METHODS: A total of 60 patients with VD were randomized to receive Shuxuetong injection(6 mL) added into normal saline(250 mL)q.d by drip infusion for 21 days(treatment group) or citicoline injection(250 mg) added into 250 mL normal saline q.d by drip infusion for 21 days(control group).In addition,both groups received basic treatment and nursing care,and the antihypertensive,hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic therapies were adopted based on the patients' severity of disease and complications.The efficacy was evaluated before and after treatment by using mini-mental state examination(MMSE),activities of daily living(ADL),transcranial Doppler(TCD) and P300 test.RESULTS: Compared to control group,the treatment group had significantly higher MMSE score and ADL score(P

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the quality of anticoagulant therapy in patients who took warfarin and provide data sup-porting for strengthening the management of these patients. METHODS:A retrospective analysis of related clinical data of 214 pa-tients who meet the inclusion criteria was performed. RESULTS:The average time for patients took warfarin was (321.64 ± 189.50)d,average times for tested INR was(12.01±7.03)times in clinic;when anticoagulant therapy,INR<2.0 accounted for 51.96%,2.0≤INR≤3.0 accounted for 39.13%,and INR>3.0 accounted for 8.91%;patients with target INR≤2.0 accounted for 45.33%,target INR=2.5 accounted for 38.32%,and target INR≥3.0 accounted for 0.93%;the average TTR was (50.80 ± 22.32)%;and there was no statistical significance in the TTR of different ages and diseases(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The anti-coagulant therapy in some patients who took warfarin shows poor quality,it needs strengthening the quality management to make it safe and effective.

The validity and reasonableness of emotional data are the key issues in the cognitive affective computing research. Effects of the emotion recognition are decided by the quality of selected data directly. Therefore, it is an important part of affective computing research to build affective computing database with good performance, so that it is the hot spot of research in this field. In this paper, the performance of two classical cognitive affective computing databases, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) cognitive affective computing database and Germany Augsburg University emotion recognition database were compared, their data structure and data types were compared respectively, and emotional recognition effect based on the data were studied comparatively. The results indicated that the analysis based on the physical parameters could get the effective emotional recognition, and would be a feasible method of pressure emotional evaluation. Because of the lack of stress emotional evaluation data based on the physiological parameters domestically, there is not a public stress emotional database. We hereby built a dataset for the stress evaluation towards the high stress group in colleges, candidates of postgraduates of Ph. D and master as the subjects. We then acquired their physiological parameters, and performed the pressure analysis based on this database. The results indicated that this dataset had a certain reference value for the stress evaluation, and we hope this research can provide a reference and support for emotion evaluation and analysis.
Affect ; Computing Methodologies ; Databases, Factual ; Emotions ; Humans ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Stress, Psychological

Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of intranasal administration. Compared with the other administration routes, intranasal administration has the benefits of fast absorption, high bioavailability, high brain-targeting and non-invasive. In the past few years we take "Xingnaojing" and "Tongqiao Sanyu formula" as model drug and studied pharmacokinetics of effective components of different polarities. MDCK/MDCK-MDR1 cells were used to simulate blood brain barrier to study the permeate behaviors of different drug and the mechanism of enhancing effects of aromatic medicine. Then a microemulsion (modified by mPEG2000-PLA) was prepared for intranasal administration, and the pharmacokinetics and investigated tissue distribution were studied by fluorescence imaging. The irritation of the drug and different preparations were studied on human nasal epithelial cell (HNEC) cell and living animals. In this paper, we reviewed the achievements and hope that it can provide constructive suggestions for the future research.
Administration, Intranasal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Animals ; Biological Availability ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical value of 24-hour urinary sodium determination in children with postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS).

METHODFifty-eight POTS children and 10 healthy children (control group) from Peking University First Hospital during June 2012 to May 2014 were enrolled. Their 24-hour urinary sodium and plasma sodium levels were compared. Correlation analysis was done between 24-hour urinary sodium and symptom scores in children with POTS. All patients were treated with oral rehydration salts. The POTS patients were divided into hyponatriuria group (urinary sodium < 124 mmol/24 h) and hypernatriuria group (urinary sodium ≥ 124 mmol/24 h). Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze the effects of different 24-hour urinary sodium levels in children with POTS receiving rehydration salts therapy.

RESULTThe 24-hour urinary sodium levels of children with POTS were significantly lower than that of control group ((110. 0 ± 45. 8) vs. (221. 3 ± 103. 6) mmol/24 h, t =3. 339, P = 0. 008), while no statistical significance was found in plasma sodium between the two groups ((139. 7 ± 2. 1) vs. (139. 7 ± 2. 3) mmol/L, t = 0. 082, P = 0. 935). Pearson correlation analysis showed that 24-hour urinary sodium and severity of symptoms in children patients were negatively correlated (r = - 0. 654, P < 0. 001) . Urinary sodium < 124 mmol/24 h was used as the cut-off value, there were 43 cases in hyponatriuria group and 15 cases in hypernatriuria group. The symptom scores were significantly higher in hyponatriuria group (10. 2 ± 3. 7 vs. 5. 0 ± 1. 8, P < 0. 001), there was no significant difference in other basic information and hemodynamic data between groups (P > 0. 05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that urine sodium < 124 mmol/24 h was independent risk factor for effectiveness of rehydration salts in POTS patients (OR = 0. 043, 95% CI:0. 004 - 0. 499, P = 0. 012). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed the long-term effect of patients receiving oral rehydration salts in hyponatriuria group was significantly better than that in hypernatriuria group (86. 0 % vs. 60. 0%, χ2 = 8. 471, P = 0. 004).

CONCLUSIONTwenty-four hours urinary sodium is a good indicaor for guiding children with POTS receiving rehydration salts therapy.

Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Fluid Therapy ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome ; urine ; Rehydration Solutions ; Salts ; Sodium ; urine

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have proven the existence of the regeneration of central nervous tissue. But abjective results,such as lacked of neurogenesis after injury,also have been found in many experiments. The greatest difficulty in conventional brain transplantation or brain tissue transplantation has been the survival and development of the graft. Additionally,the stability of therapeutic effects and the rehabilitation of brain functions also need confirmation.OBJECTIVE: To investigate an approach to intrathecal injection of neural stem cells(NSCs) in stroke therapy,and observe therapeutic effects and side effects as well,so as to make the evaluation of the safety and feasibility.DESIGN: A confirmative before-after study based on stroke patients.SETTING: A neurology department in a municipal hospital and a microbiology and immunology department affiliated to a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: From November 2002 to September 2003,26 stroke inpatients in the Neurology Department of Anyang Municipal People' s Hospital were selected. Of all the c ases,3 were diagnosed as acute cerebral hemorrhage,and the other 23 had been suffering strokes for durations ranging from 3months to 30 years,an average of (4.2 ± 6. 6) years. They were 20 male and 6female between the ages from 36 -72 years old,an average of(56.3 ± 12.7)years old. Fifteen of them were ischemic and 11 were hemorrhagic. Nineteen were associated with hypertension,2 with coronary heart disease,4 with diabetes and 4 associated with hyperlipodemia.INTERVENTIONS: On each of the 3 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage (hematoma volume,35 - 40 mL),a microinvasive intracerebral hematoma puncture was performed,and then a suspension of NSCs were conducted to the stroke by a drainage tube. For the rest of the patients,suspensions were intrathecally administered into the subarachnoid and then flowed to the cerebral surface through cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) circulation. Afterwards,physical therapy(PT),occupational therapy (OT) and speech therapy(ST) were jointly applied to facilitate the rehabilitation of the stroke patients. Therapeutic effects was calculated according to the European stroke scale(ESS) and the Barthel Index(BI) . If ESS index went beyond or equal to 1 score,the case would be defined as effective; otherwise,it would be defined as not effective. Additionally,CT,MRI,EEG,chest x-ray,and blood biochemical variables were also measured.MAIN OUTCOMEMEASURES: Therapeutic effects and side effects were taken as main outcomemeasurements.RESULTS: Of the 23 patients who ntrathecal administration,19had positive therapeutic effect and 4 did not. Post-transplantation ESS was higher than that of pre-transplantation(54. 1 ±21.2 vs 51.4 ±21.1,t = 5.8,P = 0. 000 007 6),while post-transplantation BI also increased significantly as compared with that of pre-transplantation(41.1 ± 31.3 vs 36. 1 ± 32. 1,vasive intracerebral hematoma puncture had successful rehabilitation and regained self-care ability. Of all the patients,4 got a transitory fever and 2felt slight post-operation headache.CONCLUSION: Conclusion can be drawn from the study that stroke patients are ameliorated to various extents after neural stem cell transplantation which has no toxicity or side effects. It shows that neural stem cell transplantation is viable and feasible in improving the motor function and self-care ability in stroke patients.

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cells are found to have the immunoregulatory activities and a potential application prospect in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanism of transplanting mesenchymal stems cells on the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
METHODS:The mouse mesenchymal stems cells were prepared, and injected into the al ogenic and syngenic normal mice, to detect the frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells in the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes by flow cytometry, and to detect the Foxp3, transforming growth factor-β1, and interleukin-10 mRNA in the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes by reverse transcription-PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells on normal mice led to a significant up-regulation of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells, Foxp3, transforming growth factor-β1, and interleukin-10 mRNA in the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes both in the al ogenic and syngenic transplant groups. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells may be an available method in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cell, Foxp3, transforming growth factor-β1, and interleukin-10 may be involved in this process.

Objective To explore the effect of the simvastatin administration on the expression of connective tissue growth factor （CTGF） in fihrotic lungs of rats. Methods The cats were treated with single intratracheal instillation of bleomycin （BLM） or instillation of the same volume of normal saline （NS） as a control. The administration of simvastatin（20 mg/kg）began once a day immediately or 7 days later after intratracheal BLM instillation respectively with the same volume of NS was given as a vehicle control. The rats were killed on day 7,14 and 28 respectively. Pathological alteration of lung tissue was observed hy HE staining and Masson staining. Hydroxyproline（HYP）content in lung tissue was used to determine the severity of pulmonary fibrosis. The expression of CTGF in lung tissue was exanfined by immunohistochem- istry staining and photodeusitometry. Results Histopathological changes of pulmonary fibrosis emerged gradually after the instillation of BLM. The expression level of CTGF was increased in lungs of rats after intratracheal instillation of BLM, compared with the control. The administration of simvastatin immediately or 7 days after intratracheal instillation of BLM, attenuated the histopathological changes of bleomycin- induced puhnonary fibrosis and prevented the increased expression of CTGF in lung tissue on day 28. Conclusion The adntinistration of simvastatin, immediately or 7 days after intratracheal BLM instillation, prevented the up-regulation of CTGF in fibrotic lungs of rats, which ntight be one of the mechanisms of the anti-fihrosis of simvastatin in lungs.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of continuous intravenous pump of Shengmai injection for treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)combined with cardiogenic shock. Methods In the period from January 2005 to March 2011,33 hospitalized patients with ACS complicated by cardiogenic shock were selected in the treatment group,and in the same period,32 in-patients with ACS were enrolled in the control group, According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome type,the treatment group was subdivided into Yin xutype(Yin deficiency,15 cases),Qi xu type(Qi deficiency,11 cases),Xue yu type(blood stasis,7 cases). Conventional western medicine treatment was given to the two groups,besides,Shengmai injection in 30-60 mL intravenous drip,once a day was applied in the control group,while in the treatment group,Shengmai injection in 10-100 mL/h trace pump continuous intravenous infusion was given,after the blood pressure returned to normal,the infusion was changed to 5 mL/h trace pump continuous intravenous injection for consecutive 5-7 days. After treatment, the changes of clinical efficacy,blood pressure,heart rate ,improvement of clinical symptoms were observed in two groups,and the changes of mean arterial pressure(MAP)in cases with different syndromes in treatment group were also investigated. Results The rates of the significant therapeutic effect and total effect in the treatment group were obviously higher than those in the control group〔significant effect:69.7%(23 cases)vs. 46.9%(15 cases);the total efficacy:90.9%(30 cases)vs. 62.5%(20 cases),both P<0.05〕. The comparisons of blood pressure and heart rate before and after treatment in the two groups were not significant(all P>0.05). After 48 hours of treatment in the two groups,the clinical symptoms were all improved〔chest pain:2 cases(6.1%)vs. 10 cases(31.3%),sweating:3 cases(9.1%)vs. 13 cases(40.6%),shortness of breath:4 cases(12.1%)vs. 12 cases(37.5%),all P<0.05;heart palpitations:5 cases(15.2%)vs. 9 cases(28.1%),nausea:3 cases(9.1%)vs. 4 cases(12.5%),both P>0.05〕. In treatment group,the increase of MAP in patients withYin xutype(mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)was higher than that in patients with Qi xu type and Xue xu type(105.00±8.53 vs. 91.00±9.53,89.00±3.53,both P<0.05). Conclusion Continuous intravenous injection of Shengmai injection has significant therapeutic effect for treatment of patients with ACS combined with cardiogenic shock.

Objective To investigate the drug resistance situation and the epidemiological characteristicin the tuberculoupatientin ordeto provide the reference foeffective prevention and treatmenof T.MethodTotally 2 271 patientwith posi-tive sputum smeapulmonary tuberculosi(TB) in the Jiangbei Branch Hospital of Chongqing Zhongshan Hospital from January 2009 to Decembe2013 were performed the drug resistance detection of 10 kindof anti-Tdrugs(isoniazid ,streptomycin ,rifampi-cin ,ethambutol ,para-aminosailcyliacid ,kanamycin ,pasiniazid ,protionamide ,capreomycin ,and ofloxacin) .ResultOf all 2 271 ca-seof positive sputum culture pulmonary T,the total drug resistance rate and total multi-drug resistance rate were 61 .91% and 26 .29% ,respectively ;the total drug resistance ratein initial treatmenand retreatmenpatientwere 52 .85% and 78 .06% respec-tively ,and the multi-drug resistance ratewere 16 .70% and 43 .38% ,respectively ;the top five in the average drug resistance ratefrom high to low were streptomycin(39 .45% ) ,isoniazid(33 .20% ) ,rifampicin(32 .94% ) ,para-aminosailcyliacid(31 .40% ) and pasiniazid(21 .53% );the anti-Ttreatmenhistory ,gende,age and occupation were significantly associated with the drug resist-ance occurrence (P＜0 .05) .Conclusion The drug resistance situation of the Tpatientin the local areof Chongqing iseriouin the recen5 year.The standardized managemenand treatmenon the Tpatientwith drug resistance should be strengthened .