AlM: To comprehensively evaluate of visual quality after epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis ( EPl-LASlK) in mild to moderate myopia.METHODS: Sixty cases ( 120 eyes ) undergone EPl-LASlK with equivalent diopter ( SE ) were divided into two groups:mild myopia group (60 eyes) and moderate myopia group ( 60 eyes ) . Objective visual acuity, aberration, contrast sensitivity and glare sensitivity were measured before and 1wk; 1, 6mo after operation, and made comparative analysis. RESULTS: Postoperative uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) of two groups were better than that of preoperative(P<0. 05). Postoperative 6mo, there were significant differences on total high RMS between two groups ( P < 0. 05 ). Before operation and 6mo after operation, higher - order aberrations had statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0. 05). After 1wk and 1mo, there were statistical significances at the five frequencies between two groups (P<0. 05). After 6mo, the mild myopia group returned to preoperative levels, however, moderate myopia group in the high frequency region ( 18. 0c/d ) had significant difference with before surgery (P<0. 05). 1wk after surgery, there were statistically significant differences on the 3. 0, 6. 0, 12.0, 18. 0c/d frequency in both groups (all P<0. 05), 1mo after surgery, there were significant difference at 12.0, 18.0c/d frequencies (all P<0.05), after 6mo, both groups returned to preoperative levels, showed no significant difference.CONCLUSlON:Visual quality is poorer in mild myopia patients than that in moderate myopia at early stage after EPl-LASlK. Better visual quality is observed at mid-late stage.

Objective To evaluate the anatomic outcome after lens-sparing vitrectomy (LSV) or scleral buckle (SB) for stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Methods The clinical data of 39 infants (50 eyes) with 4a (20 eyes) or 4b (30 eyes) were retrospectively analyzed.The age ranged from two to 18 months,with a mean of (6.0±3.4) months.The gestational age ranged from 26 to 33 weeks,with a mean of (30.0±1.6) weeks.The birth weight ranged from 800 to 1900 g,with a mean of (1404.5±237.6) g.Nineteen eyes underwent SB and 31 eyes underwent LSV.Follow-up ranged from 6 to 84 months,with a mean of (26.0±21.7) months.The anatomical and refractive results were reviewed at the final follow-up.Results The anatomic success of SB was 100.0％ (19 of 19 eyes) and that of LSV was 87.1％ (27 of 31eyes).Among the patients in whom treatment failed,4 were in the LSV group (4/31,12.9％).The buckles of 5 eyes (5/19,26.3％) were removed.At the end of the follow-up,the mean myopic refraction was (-4.46±2.49) diopters (ranging from -1.25 to 11.00 diopters) in the LSV group,and ( -3.21±1.96) diopters (ranging from -1.25 to 9.25 diopters) in the SB group.There was no significant difference between two groups (F=2.76,P=0.103).Conclusion The anatomic outcome after LSV or SB for stage 4 ROP was excellent.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of laser photocoagulation and intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Methods The study included 38eyes of 19 infants with stage 3 ROP (18 eyes of 9 infants in zone Ⅰ,20 eyes of 10 infants in zone Ⅱ ).All the patients were examined by indirect ophthalmoscope and photographed by wide-angle digital retinal imaging system (RetCam Ⅱ ). The fundus lesions in both eyes were the same. Patients received laser photocoagulation in one eye (laser group) and intravitreal injection of 0.03 ml bevacizumab (25 mg/ml) in the fellow eyes (bevacizumab group) during treatment.Follow-up ranged from 12 to 66 weeks,with an average of 33 weeks. The regression time of neovascular ridges and plus-diseases in two groups were compared.Results For 18 eyes with stage 3 ROP in zone Ⅰ,the regression time of neovascular ridges and plus-diseases were (2.25 ±0.46) and (2.11 ±0.60) weeks respectively in bevacizumab group,and both were (3.75 ± 1.75) weeks in laser group.The differences between those two groups were statistically significant (F=18.29,15.56；P＜0.05).For 20 eyes with stage 3 ROP in zone Ⅱ,the regression time of neovascular ridges and plus-diseases were (3.1 ±1.72) and (2.1 ± 0.56) weeks respectively in bevacizumab group,and were (3.50± 1.90) and (2.50± 1.35) weeks respectively in laser group.The differences between those two groups were not statistically significant (F =0.38,2.62 ; P＞ 0.05).There were more fibrous membrane proliferations on the retinal surface in 8 eyes,including 6 eyes in laser group and 2 eyes in bevacizumab group. There was no treatment-related endophthalmitis,cataract,retinal tears and other complications during the follow-up.Conclusion The laser photocoagulation and intravitreal injection of bevacizumab were both safe and effective in treating stage 3 ROP.

Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy in China.The incidence of it showed an increasing trend with the economic development,living standards improvement and lifestyle changes.The traditional treatment methods include surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy.In recent years,hyperthermia has become a method for treating tumor.Hyperthermia kills tumor cells by thermal effect and no-thermal effect.Not only does it have a direct therapeutic effect on tumor cells,hyperthermia also has some synergy combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Hyperthermia combined with conventional therapy can improve the local control rate and extend survival for patients.In this paper,the efficacy of hyperthermia has been reviewed,combined with a variety of treatment methods for colorectal cancer in China.

Objective To investigate the proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) and its depressant effect on small cell lung cancer(SCLC)cells(H446) in patients with paraneoplastic neurological syndrome(PNS).Methods PBMC of 7 patients with PNS and 6 patients with SCLC were cultured with interleukin(IL)-2 in vitro,then cultured separately or mixed with H446 respectively.The proliferation index(PI,the ratio of cellular score which had proliferated and that had not proliferated) of H446,PBMC,CD4+,CD8+ T cell and the ratio of CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+ were analyzed with flow cytometry and compared with normal control group.Results Compared with cultured separately,the PI of H446,PBMC,CD4+,CD8+T cell in PBMC of PNS and SCLC groups cultured with H446 were not significantly different.Stimulated by IL-2,the ratio of CD4+ T cell in PNS patients [(76.54 ? 3.96)%]was higher than that in normal control group[(51.75 ? 17.3)%](P

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of segmental scleral buckling and vitrectomy with/without lensectomy on the retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage 4a,4b and 5.Methods One hundred and thirty-four ROP infants (181 eyes) diagnosed as stage 4a,4b and 5,and performed with segmental scleral buckling or vitreous with/without lensectomy were retrospectively analyzed.The operated 4a-,4b-and 5-stage eyes were 40,51 and 90 eyes.The operational method depended on the location and severity of fibrovascular membrane.Of 181 eyes,segmental scleral buckling was referred for 37 eyes which include 23 eyes with 4a stage and 14 eyes with 4b stage;vitrectomy was referred for 50 eyes which include 14 eyes with 4a stage,29 eyes with 4b stage and 7 eyes with 5 stage;vitrectomy with lensectomy was referred for 94 eyes which include 3 eyes with 4a stage,8 eyes with 4b stage and 83 eyes with 5 stage.The effect was classified as success,improved and failure.Failure includes lost eye.Follow-up for 4a,4b and 5 stage patients are 34,31 and 29 months respectively.Results Segmental scleral buckling was referred for 37 eyes,success in 23 eyes (62.16％),improved in 11 eyes (29.73 ％),failure in 3 eyes (8.11 ％).Vitrectomy was referred for 50 eyes,and success in 20 eyes (40.00％),improved in 22 eyes (44.00％),and failure in 8 eyes (16.00％).In the total of 94 eyes underwent vitrectomy with lensectomy,20 eyes was success (21.28％),improved in 17 eyes (18.08％),failure in 57 eyes (60.64％).In 40 stage 4a eyes,33 successes (82.50％),6 improved (15.00％) and 1 failure (2.50％).In 51 stage4b eyes,11 successes (21.57％),30 improved (58.82％) and 10 failures (19.61％).For 90 stage 5 eyes,14 successes (17.50％),19 improved (23.75％) and 57 failures (71.25％).The therapeutic effect of segmental scleral buckling for stage 4a was better than that for stage 5 (x2 =6.707,P=0.035).The difference of therapeutic effect of vitrectomy for different stage was significant (x2=21.010,P =0.000);stage 4a was the best;stage 4b was the second,stage 5 was the worst.The therapeutic effect of vitrectomy with lensectomy for stage 5 was worse than that for stage 4a and 4b (x2=16.066,P=0.003).Conclusion The surgery patterns of ROP was determined based on the disease severity,the surgery effects of stage 4a and 4b were better than stage 5,which had nothing to do with the surgical procedures.

Objective:This study aimed to identify the morphology of mast cells by using a modified toluidine blue staining scheme,so as to provide a powerful reference for the experimental basis research of mast cells.Methods:Bone marrow-derived mast cells were induced in vitro.After 4 weeks,the cells were collected,fixed,and stained.Mast cells were fixed at different temperature during different time.The optimum condition was determined by comparing the effects of toluidine blue staining.Results:Bone marrow cells were induced to differentiate into mast cells by SCF and IL-3 in vitro.When mast cells were stained with modified toluidine blue staining,the staining effect was better.Mast cells were round or oval and the cell membrane was complete and the cytoplasm was filled with a large number of purple particles.Conclusion:In this study,we successfully applied a modified toluidine blue staining method to mast cells cultured in vitro.The results showed that the condition at 37 ℃ full fixation with staining could reduce the degeneration of mast cells.This method was easy to operate with good stability.It was suitable for the morphological observation of mast cells cultured in vitro.

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of the protective effects of dexmedetomidine against the propofol-induced neuroapoptosis in primary cultured cortical neurons.Methods The neurons were cultured 7days and then divided into four groups: vehicle-control group (treated with equal volume of intralipid), propofoltreated group (treated with 500 μmol/L propofol), propofol plus dexmedetomidine treated group (treated with 500 μmol/L propofol and 0.1 μmol/L dexmedetomidine), and LY294002 pretreated group (treated with 500 μmol/L propofol ,0.1 μ mol/L dexmedetomidine and 10 μmol/L LY294002).12 hours after different treatments, neuron viability was measured by MTT assay,neuroapoptosis was detected by Hoechst33258 staining, and the levels of pAkt and Bcl-2 protein were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the vehicle-reduced group,propofol reduced neuron viability greatly((53.4±4.2)％ vs (99.9±6.3)％;P＜0.01), but increased neuroapoptosis greatly((44.6±4.3)％ vs (5.8±0.4)％;P＜0.01).The levels of pAkt((0.41±0.03) vs (0.86±0.07))and Bcl-2 ((0.15±0.02) vs (0.72±0.03)) were decreased greatly (both P＜0.01).Compared with propofol treatment group, the neuron viability of propofol plus dexmedetomidine group were increased greatly((86.4±5.3) ％ , P＜0.01) ,the neu roapoptosis was decreased greatly ((23.1 ± 3.5) ％, P＜ 0.01), and the levels of pA kt (0.8 ± 0.03) and Bc1-2 (0.52 ±0.05) were increased greatly (both P＜0.01).Compared with propofol plus dexmedetomidine treated group,LY294002 inhibited the protective effects of dexmedetomidine, decreased neuron viability greatly ((64.3±5.1) ％ ,P＜0.01), increased the number of apoptotic neurons((38.8±4.9) ％, P＜0.01), and reduced the levels of pAkt (0.52±0.04) and Bcl-2(0.31±0.02) significantly (P＜0.01).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine exerts the neuroprotective effects against propofol-induced neuroapoptosis by activating the PI3K-Akt-Bcl-2 signalling pathway.

Objective To explore the value of? red blood cell distribution width (RDW) changes in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) prognosis by analysing relationship between red blood cell distribution width, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Methods 140 hospitalized patients with AMI were selected from May 2014 to October 2014 and devided into 2 groups. 70 patients without heart failure were AMI1 group and the other 70 patients with heart failure were AMI2 group. 70 cases of healthy persons were selected as control group. RDW was compared between three groups and the relationship between the level of RDW, cTnI and hs-CRP was analyzed. Evaluating value of RDW in predicting heart failure in AMI patients by using univariate logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis. Results In the comparison of AMI1 group, AMI2 group and control group, either of RDW, cTnI and hs-CRP showed a trend of increasing (P < 0.01). In the AMI patients , RDW level and cTnI level were positive correlation , and there was no linear correlation between RDW level and hs-CRP level. RDW≥14.55% was the independent risk factors in predicting heart failure in patients with AMI. Conclusion RDW≥14.55% can be an available independent predictor of the prognosis of AMI.

Objective To investigate the calcium signal transduction pathway in hippocampal neurons of mice with vascular dementia (VaD) and the intervention effect of dihydroergocriptine (DHE). Methods The mice were subjected for ischemia-reperfusion repeatedly on bilateral common carotid arteries by knots to establish the VaD models. Animals with sham-operation were taken as control group. The treating group was administered with DHE after the establishment of VaD model. The behavior changes were observed through the step-down avoidance test and water maze test on the 29th and 30th days after operation. The resting 〔Ca 2+〕 i level of hippocampal neurons was evaluated by laser scanning confocal microscopy. RT-PCR technique was used to measure mRNA expression of CaM an CaMPKⅡ in hippocampal neurons. Results The resting 〔Ca 2+〕 i level in model group(43.50?3.00) was significantly higher than those in the sham-operation group (25.50?3.50) (P