Numerous pro-apoptotic signal transducing molecules act on mitochondria and provoke the permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane, thereby triggering the release of pro-apoptotic proteins potentially.One of them is much important,which called apoptosis inducing factor(AIF).Upon lethal signaling,AIF released from mitochondria, which translocates, via the cytosol to the nucleus, where it binds to DNA and provokes Caspase-independent chromatin condensation and leading to apoptosis.It has been found gradually that AIF has impotant effect in some malignant cancer cells(such as colorectal carcinoma cell), especially its regulation effect in cell death.Recently some of researches indicate that inducing cell apoptosis by effecting on the releasing or expressing of AIF, has been a new research direction of colorectal carcinoma therapy.

Objective:To establish a DSC method for the determination of mannityl nicotinate. Methods:Indium was used to cor-rect the instrument including temperature correction and heat flow correction. The atmosphere was nitrogen and the flow rate was 20 ml ·min-1 . The sample volume was 1-3. 5 mg with precision reached to 0. 01mg. The initial temperature was 30 ℃, raised to 120 ℃ at the rate of 10℃·min-1 , maintaining for 1 min at 120℃, and raised to 280℃ at the rate of 2. 5℃·min-1 . The results of DSC and HPLC were compared. Results:Mannityl nicotinate had a good linear relationship between the heat absorption and the amount of sam-ple within the range of 1. 05-3. 44 mg (r=0. 9990). The average recovery was 98. 86％ (RSD=1. 59％,n=9). The content of nia-cin detected by HPLC and DSC was 97. 77％ and 97. 80％, respectively, and the relative mean deviation of the two values was 0. 015％. Conclusion:The DSC method is accurate and rapid, and can be used for the determination of mannityl nicotinate like HPLC.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of sacral canal injection on nerve root local inflammatory factors in rat model with lumbar disc herniation, in order to identify its mechanism of treatment.

METHODSForty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(group A), model group (group B), Chinese medicine group(group C) and western medicine group(group D). There were 12 rats in each group. The model of lumbar disc herniation was established using compression and inflammatory stimulation in group B, C, D. All rats were given epidural catheterization and group A and B with physiological saline (1 ml/kg), group C with mixed liquor of 2% lidocaine and compound Danshen injections and physiological saline (2:2: 16) and group D with mixed liquor of 2% lidocaine and triamcinolone acetonide injection and physiological saline (2:2:16), once a week for a total of three treatments. Four rats were killed every 1 week after injection for once, and the inflammatory factors of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-l (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by ELISA method.

RESULTSThe levels of TNF-alpha, PGE2, IL-1 and IL-6 in compressed nerve tissues in group B were increased than those of group A (P < 0.01). The levels of PGE2, IL-1 and IL-6 in group C and D were decreased than those of group B, and group D was much less(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in level of TNF-alpha among group B, C, D (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompound compression with inflammatory stimulation can lead to massive release of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-alpha, PGE2, IL-1 and IL-6. Both injection with compound Danshen injections and triamcinolone acetonide injections by sacral canal can reduce the levels of part inflammatory mediators (PGE2, IL-1 and IL-6), and the effect of Glucocorticoid is better than Danshen (P < 0.05).

Animals ; Dinoprostone ; analysis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Injections ; Interleukin-1 ; analysis ; Interleukin-6 ; analysis ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; Spinal Nerve Roots ; immunology ; Triamcinolone Acetonide ; administration & dosage ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis

Objective To investigate the responsiveness of the Burke Lateropulsion Scale (BLS) evaluating Pusher syndrome recovery and the characteristics of BLS. Methods 48 patients diagnosed as Pusher syndrome after stroke were included. All the patients were assessed with BLS to measure the progress at admission, every 2 weeks and at discharge, respectively. The characteristics of BLS score at admission and discharge and the standardized response mean (SRM) were analyzed. Results 56.3% patients were rated as mild and 16.7% were rated as severe at admission; none were classified as severe, 43.8% were not enough to be diagnosed as Pusher syndrome and 47.9% were classified as mild on discharge. SRM was 1.27 during the whole hospitalization, and SRM was 1.41 and 2.18 at 4 and 6 weeks, respectively. Conclusion BLS is an appropriate tool for the evaluation of patients with Pusher syndrome and is responsive to monitor the progress and recovery during rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE: To elaborate cartilage tissue engineering in the gene transfer technology and its application, in addition, to make a prospects for its further application.METHODS: The database of Science Direct database (2003-01/2009-04) and CNKI (2003-01/2009-04) were retrieved with key words of "cartilage tissue engineering, gene transfer". The literature was limited to English and Chinese languages. Literatures concerning cartilage tissue engineering in the gene transfer technology were selected, including clinical research and basic research. Other unrelated papers were excluded. Chondrocyte differentiation and gene expression were observed.RESULTS: A total of 90 literatures were searched by computer, according to inclusive and exclusive criteria, the papers regarding cartilage tissue engineering in the gene transfection and gene types and options were analyzed. Gene transfer technology in the field of cartilage tissue engineering has broad application prospects. How to select genes associated with cartilage repair as the transfacted gene need urgent solution. Currently, the used target gene can be divided into following categories, including stimulated cartilage cell proliferation and differentiation, matrix formation, inhibit chondrocyta hypertrophy and osteoblast differentiation, anti-inflammatory response, inhibit senescence and inhibit apoptosis.CONCLUSION: It has a special significance to select the appropriate target genes, and to use a safe gene transfer method to repair cartilage. The clinical application of gene transfer technology is depended on the construction of safe and effective carriers,target genes, as well as transfection systems.

BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells have similar morphological and biological characteristics to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, which can be used as sources of seed cells for tissue engineering.OBJECTIVE: To understand the biological characteristics of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and to explore its clinical application and prospects in tissue engineering field.METHODS: The databases of PubMed and CNKI were searched with key words of "adipose tissue-derived stem cell, tissue engineering, and stem cells". Literature search was limited to English and Chinese languages. The ossification potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stern calls and the outcomes combined adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells with gene transfection to treat diseases were served as evaluative indicators. The in vitro study of comparison between bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived mesenchymal stern cells in ossification was included, and irrelative or repetitive papers were excluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Adipose tissue-derived stem cells can be obtained in large numbers from adipose tissue, and stably proliferate and differentiated in vitro, which possess the similar characteristics to bone marrow-derived menchymal stem call in morphology and biology. Under certain induction, the adipose tissue-derived stem cells can directional differentiated into all three germ layers of cells. Combined adipose tissue-derived stem cells with tissue engineering scaffold could be used to repair bone and articular cartilage defects, but the quality and the surrounding cartilage connecting cartilage, bio-mechanical strength, and future normal cartilage degradation have a certain gap to normal cartilage. With the understanding of adult mesenchymal stem cell research, it found that the self-amplification and differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells can effective disused the import of "exogenous gene", thus, it is easy to in vitro genetic modification. Therefore, the adipose-derived stem calls can be combined with genetic engineering, and applied to gene therapy. However, in the present research, the remaining potential carcinogenicity in the gene vector and the negative impact after transfection has not been clarified.

Objective To study the expression of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and the counts of lymph vessels in laryngeal squarnous cell carcinoma and polyps of vocal cord tissues, and explore their clinicopathologic significance and correlation in the course of laryngeal carcinoma. Methods SP immuno-histochemical method was used to detect the expression of NF-κB and the counts of lymph vessels on the routinely paraffln-embedded sections of the specimens from 50 cases laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 10 cases of polyps of vocal cord tissues. Results The positive rate of NF-κB and the counts of lymph ves-sels in laryngeal carcinoma[60. 0% ,( 13.3±3.4)/HP]were significantly higher ( P <0. 05 and P <0. 01respectively) than those in polyps of vocal cord tissues[10.0 % ,(6. 1±3. 8)/HP]. The positive rate of NF-κB and the counts of lymph vessels in well differentiated adenocarcinoma and cases without metastasis were significantly lower( P < 0. 05, P <0. 01 ), compared with poor-differentiated adenoearcinoma and ca-ses with metastasis. The counts of lymph vessels in the NF-κB positive cases were significantly higher than thoseinNF-κBnegativecases[(14.9±4.1)/HPvs (9.8±3.1)/ HP, P <0.01] . Conclusions The expression of NF-κB and the counts of lymph vessels might be important markers to be used to monitor the progression, biological behaviors, metastatic status and prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma. NF-κB might pro-mote lympoangiogenesis in laryngeal squnmous cell carcinoma tissues.

Insulin-mediated glucose metabolism of peripheral tissue and liver was assessed by euglycemic hyperinsulinemia clamp technique in lipid-infused rats. There was a significant increase in plasma free fatty acids and a significant reduction in glucose infusion rates in the lipid-infused group. The suppressive effect of insulin on hepatic glucose production (HGP) was significantly blunted and the rate of glucose disappearance showed a slight decrease in the lipid-infused rats, suggesting that lipid impaired the abilities of insulin to suppress lipolysis, HGP and insulin-mediated glucose utilization in peripheral tissues.

Objective To establish a successful model for pancreaticoduodenal allotransplantation with enteric drainage in piglet and surveillance acute rejection by biopsy.Methods We implemented the model same as protocol of clinical pancrease transplantation.40 piglets were divided into donors and recipients randomly.20 times experimental operation were finished. The total pancreas with a short segment of duodenum was transplanted to a recipient by anastomoses of vessels to the recipient iliac vessels and small bowel segment to the jejunum with enteric drainage. During operation, mean arterial pressure(MAP), central venous pressure(CVP)were monitored. The levels of amylase activity in blood were investigated.Doppler color blood flow ultrasonography was used to evaluate blood flow of pancreatic allografts,and ultrasound-guided percutaneous pancreas allograft biopsy and histopathologic examination were performed.Results The successful rate of operation was 90%. Recipient's MAP was decreased after the reopening of inosculated blood vessels.(P

Objective To investigate the relationships between the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1),heat shock protein 70(HSP70) and acute rejection after pancreas allotransplantation in miniature swine.Methods Ultrasound guided biopsies of the pancreas and histopathologic examination were performed after the miniature swine models of pancreas allotransplantation were established.According to the histological change,the samples were divided into group Ⅰ(no rejection),group Ⅱ(mild acute rejection),group Ⅲ(moderate acute rejection)and group Ⅳ(serious acute rejection).The expressions of ICAM-1 and HSP70 were analyzed with immunohistochemistry and imaging.Results The expressions of ICAM-1 and HSP70 were increased when acute rejection occurred after pancreas allotransplantation in miniature swine.The levels of ICAM-1 and HSP70 were sequentially high when acute rejection was serious.Conclusion ICAM-1 and HSP70 were involved in pancreas allograft rejection and useful for early diagnosis of acute rejection after pancreas transplantation.