Objective To explore the specific anti-tumor effect of cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK) activation by dentritic cells (DC) loaded with the tumor antigen from human lung cancer cell line A549. Methods CIKs and DCs derived from the health donor's peripheral blood monocyte (PBMC) were isolated and induced by the cytokine in vitro. DCs were generated by culture of adherent cells from PBMC for 7days in the presence of IL-4 and GM-CSF. CIKs were generated by culture of non-adherent cells for 7 or 14 days in the presence of INF-?, IL-2, IL-1?, and mouse anti-human CD3 monoclonal antibody. The phenotype of DC and CIK was analyzed by FCM. The activity of DC was evaluated by MLR; and the cytotoxicity of CIK was assayed by MTT. The CIK expression profile of cytokine and signal transduction genes were detected by the DNA micro-array under different circumstances. Results Phenotypic analysis indicated that CD3+CD56+NKT cells were predominant in the CIK cells generated in the current study, and that DC cells expressed high levels of CD40, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR. As demonstrated by MTT assay, the CIK cells proliferated rapidly, and the DC cells were able to induce an MLR. Both antigen-pulsed and unpulsed DC stimulated the proliferation of CIK cells, and no significant difference was found between the two kinds of DC cells. Unpulsed DC cells did not enhance cytotoxicity mediated by CIK cells even though they were able to stimulate CIK proliferation. Antigen-pulsed DC, however, stimulated CIK cells to specifically kill target cells. The specific antitumor effect was also observed in nude mice bearing tumors. Conclusion One of the major effects of antigen-pulsed DC is to activate CIK cells and to make them specific in killing tumor cells.

Teacher student relationship is the most important part in educational activities.It’s quality and quantity have a significant impact on educational and teaching effectiveness.This article aims to analyze the exiting status of the relationship between the tutors and the postgraduates in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, focusing on the some main factors which affect the said relationship, including education environment factor, tutor factor, postgrad-uate factor and etc., and combining the characteristics of Medical Colleges’studying.On the basis of the concerned survey, this article initially discusses the key issues during the establishment of the harmony relationship between tutors and postgraduates.

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effect of Astragalus and Angelica Mixture (AAM) on treating CKD patients according to different CKD primary diseases, staging and TCM syndromes.

METHODSA multicentre, open-label, and self control clinical design was used, and thirty-two patients in line with inclusive criteria were recruited. Based on maintaining their previous basic CKD treatment, patients additionally took AAM (Astragalus and Angelica each 30 g), once a day, three months consisted of one therapeutic course. Serum creatinine (SCr), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eG- FR), 24 h urinary total protein (UTP), plasma albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (Hb), and changes of TCM syndrome factor integrals were compared before treatment, at the end of month 1, 2, and 3. The differences in the aforesaid indices were compared between CKD patients with different CKD primary diseases (chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic renal tubulointerstitial disease, hypertensive renal damage), different CKD stages (CKD 3 and CKD 4), and patients of qi-blood deficiency syndrome (QBDS) and non-QBDS.

RESULTSAAM could improve 78.12% (25/32) patients' renal function. Compared with before treatment, SCr decreased (12.08% +/- 10.11%), eGFR increased (21.14% +/- 18.55%), and ALB increased (2.76% +/- 1.97%) at the end of 3-month treatment (all P < 0.05). As for TCM syndrome factor integrals, compared with before treatment, the integrals for qi deficiency syndrome, blood deficiency syndrome, and yin deficiency syndrome decreased, while the integrals for dampness heat syndrome and turbid-toxin syndrome increased (all P < 0.05). There was no obvious difference in all indices except the integral for hypertensive renal damage patients of yin deficiency syndrome (P > 0.05). The SCr decreasing percent was 19.82% +/- 8.30% for patients of non-QBDS and 5.24% +/- 10.75% for patients of QBDS. The latter was higher with statistical difference (P < 0.05). As for TCM syndrome factor integrals, the integral differences of qi deficiency and blood deficiency were obviously higher in patients of QBDS, when compared with patients of non-QBDS (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAAM could improve the renal function of CKD patients, elevate their ALB levels, and ameliorate associated qi deficiency syndrome, blood deficiency syndrome, and yin deficiency syndrome, especially for CKD patients of QBDS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Angelica ; Astragalus Plant ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy ; Young Adult

AIM:To investigate the influence of matrine (MA) on the phenotype switching of mouse mono-cytes and alveolar macrophages induced by bleomycin ( BLM) .METHODS:All mice were randomly divided into normal saline (NS) group, BLM group, BLM+NS group and BLM +MA group.The mice were administered with BLM at 2.5 mg/kg via oropharyngeal instillation .The mice in BLM+MA group were treated with MA (15 mg· kg-1 · d-1 ) by oral gavage following BLM administration .The mice were sacrificed on days 3, 7, 14, and 21.The lungs were removed for pathological analysis .The circulating monocyte subsets and polarization state of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF)-de-rived alveolar macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry .RESULTS:The results of HE and Masson trichrome staining in BLM and BLM+NS groups exhibited classical pathological stages of lung fibrosis , including acute inflammation phase and later fibrosis phase .Compared with BLM +NS group, MA treatment alleviated the inflammatory response and the de-gree of fibrosis induced by BLM (P<0.05).There was a rapid change of circulating Ly6Chi monocytes and its magnitude was positively associated with the pulmonary inflammatory response .An expansion of M2-like alveolar macrophages was positively correlated with the magnitude of lung fibrosis .Moreover , MA treatment partially normalized the phenotype switc-hing of monocytes and alveolar macrophages .CONCLUSION:Matrine treatment attenuates BLM-induced pulmonary injury partially via modulating the phenotype switching of monocytes and alveolar mocrophages .

In order to obtain the normal gait for the prosthesis-carrier with the change of external environment and gait, we designed a model of dynamic ankle prosthesis and control system and introduced the strategy of central pattern generator (CPG) about the moving trail of dynamic ankle prosthesis. The dynamic parts, which are incorporated in the model of dynamic ankle prosthesis, provide power in order to have anthropic function and character. The tool of Matlab/simulink was used to simulate the strategy. The simulation results showed that the strategy of CPG learn- ing control in this study was effective and could track the reference trail rapidly and fit the moving trail of a person's normal limb. It can make the prosthetic timely regulation and action, enhance the prosthetic intelligence. It has im- portant practical value for intelligent prosthesis development based on this analysis of technology.
Ankle Joint ; Artificial Limbs ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Central Pattern Generators ; Gait ; Humans ; Joint Prosthesis

Guided by the antioxidant activity, the EtOAc-soluble and n-butanol-soluble fractions of the 50% methanol extract of Lonicera japonica leaves were isolated and purified by various chromatorgraphic methods, and the structures were identified by spectral analysis and comparison to the data reported in literature. As a result, nine compounds were obtained and identified as 5-O-caffeoylquinicacid (1), chlorogenicacid (2), 4-O-caffeoylquinicacid (3), luteolin-7-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)] -β-D-glucopyranoside (4), luteoloside (5), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (7), 4, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (8) and luteolin (9). The antioxidant activity of the nine compounds were determined by using DPPH free radical scavenging method, and ascorbic acid was used as a positive control. Their antioxidant activities from high to low were 5 > 9 > 2 > 8 > 7 > 6 > 1 > 3 > 4. Among them, luteoloside (5) had the strongest antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 0.018 18 g x L(-1), and luteolin (IC50 0.023 6 g x L(-1)) and chlorogenicacid (IC50 0.035 17 g x L(-1)) ranks No. 2 and 3. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of luteoloside and luteolin were stronger than that of ascorbic acid (IC50 0.027 54 g x L(-1)). These results gave a basis for the further study and utilization of L. japonica leaves.
Antioxidants ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry

Classic problem-based learning ( PBL ) was applied in a medical microbiology course.The results of questionnaire survey showed most of the students were satisfied with the whole learning program.They thought the case was appropriate,and the discussing could increase their understanding of the knowledge.Based on the problems faced during the application and the students' feedback,the duty of the tutors,summary of the learning topic,arrangement of the course,application of different teaching methods,and selection of the tutors were discussed in detail.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological significance of periostin and MMP-2 in colorectal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of periostin and MMP-2 in colorectal carcinoma,tubular adenoma,villous adenoma and normal colorectal tissue.The correlations between the expression of periostin and MMP-2 with clinicopathologic parameters were analyzed.Results In colorectal carcinoma,tubular adenoma,villous adenoma and normal colorectal tissue,the positive rates of periostin were 83.7 ％ (41/49),40.0 ％ (6/15),32.1％ (9/28),0 (0/15),respectively,while the positive rates of MMP-2 were 71.4 ％ (35/49),60.0 ％ (9/15),64.3 ％ (18/28),0(0/15),respectively.There were significant differences among the groups (x2 =41.252,P =0.000; x2 =24.811,P =0.000).The expression of periostin in colorectal carcinoma tissue were not correlated with sex (x2 =0.002,P =0.961),age (x2 =2.267,P =0.132),tumor sites (x2 =1.506,P =0.220),differentiation status (x2 =0.875,P =0.350) and lymphatic metastasis (x2 =3.315,P =0.069).The expression of MMP-2 in colorectal carcinoma were correlated with lymphatic metastasis (x2 =5.800,P =0.016),whereas not correlated with sex (x2 =0.562,P =0.453),age (x2 =0.138,P =0.711),tumor sites (x2 =0.408,P =0.532),differentiation degree (x2 =1.335,P =0.248).The expression of periostin and MMP-2 were positively correlated in colorectal carcinoma (r =0.332,P =0.020).Conclusion Periostin and MMP-2 are correlated closely with the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma.It might be helpful for evaluating the biological properties and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma,and it would be more accurate to use a combined analysis of the two indicators.

AIM:To investigate efficacy of ranibizumab combined with laser treatment for patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and macular edema.METHODS: We selected 67 patients (67 eyes) with BRVO and macular edema in our hospital from March 2013 to June 2016, they were randomly divided into observation group (n=31) and control group (n=36).The observation group was treated with ranibizumab combined with laser treatment.The control group was treated with macular grid photocoagulation.We observed best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), centre macular thickness (CMT) and macular leakage of two groups.RESULTS: The BCVA of observation group at 1, 2 and 3mo after treatment were 0.41±0.07, 0.42±0.05 and 0.48±0.05, significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05).The CMT of observation group at 1, 2 and 3mo after treatment were 203.11±59.13μm, 201.41±56.22μm and 204.22±60.13μm, significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).The blood vessel leakage of observation group at 3mo after treatment was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.05).No leakage ratio in the observation group was 71%.There were no postoperative infection, aseptic endophthalmitis and other complications in the two groups.CONCLUSION: Ranibizumab combined with laser treatment in patients with BRVO and macular edema has better curative effect, can improve the visual acuity of patients, eliminate macular edema, and is safe and reliable.

Background Investigating the association of blue light-induced damage of retinal pigmenepithelial (RPE) cellwith intracellulaCa2+ conteniimportanfounderstanding the mechanism of retinal disorders.Objective Thistudy wato establish blue light-induced damage model of human RPE celland explore the relationship between the damage of RPE cell and intracellulaCa2+ content.MethodHuman RPE cellwere cultured and passaged.Cell vitality waassayed by trypan blue staining.Fourth-generation cellwere used in these experiments.The cellwere exposed to blue lighwith an intensity of (2000±500)lx fo3,6,9 o12 hours,and the rate of apoptosiwaassayed by TUNEL to assesthe optimal irradiation time focellcultured.The cellwere then randomized into the withouirradiation group,irradiation only group,nifedipine group,ligh+ nifedipine group,(-) BayK8644 group and ligh+ (-) BayK8644 group.The laseconfocal microscope waused to determine the fluorescence intensity of intracellulafree Ca2+ aan excitation wavelength of 488 nm and an emission wavelength of 505 nm.The cell imagewere analyzed using computesoftware.The differenceof fluorescence intensity among the differengroupwere compared by one-way analysiof variance.ResultTrypan blue staining showed thathe viability of RPE cellwamore than 90％ afteculturing and passaging.No apoptoticell waseen aftelighexposure fo3 hours.However,differennumberof apoptoticellappeared aftelighexposure fo6,9 and 12 hours.The fluorescence intensity of intracellulafree Ca2+ in the nifedipine group wasignificantly lowethan thaof the withouirradiation group othe ligh+ nifedipine group(both aP=0.000).Lasescanning confocal microscopy showed thathe fluorescence intensitieof intracellulafree Ca2+ in the irradiation only group,(-) BayK8644 group,ligh+ (-)BayK8644 group were highethan thaof the withouirradiation group,with statistical significancebetween them(all P=0.000).No significandifferencewere found in the fluorescence intensity of intracellulafree Ca2+ between the ligh+ nifedipine group and withouirradiation group awell abetween the (-)BayK8644 group and the ligh+(-) BayK8644 group(P =0.339,P =0.410).ConclusionThe optical conditionfoblue light-induced RPE cell damage were exposure of blue-ligha(2000± 500) lx fo6 hourand culturing the cellfo24 hours.Blue lighexposure can induce damage of human RPE cellprobably by triggering the increase of intracellulafree Ca2+ concentration.