The status of anesthesia and psychotropic substances use for cancer pain control was analyzed in 355 cancer patients in Huanggu District of Shenyang City.The results revealed that patients aged 60 and above accounted for 62.8％ of the total; the 5 leading diseases were lung cancer ( 132 cases,37.2％ ),colorectal cancer (34 cases,9.6％ ),liver cancer (33 cases,9.3％ ),stomach cancer ( 31cases,8.7％ ) and pancreatic cancer (20 cases,5.6％ ).There was no significant difference in constituent ratio of disease categories in the last 4 years ( x2 =18.75,P ＞ 0.05 ).The daily oral dose of morphine sulphate was 60 - 200 mg with an effective rate of 91.5％ (325/355). The side effects including constipation,nausea,vomiting and itching can be effectively reduced by prophylactic medication.

BACKGROUND: Although cultured technique and purified method of Schwann cells (SCs) are changed successively,purity is still limited. Whether double negative selections can culture high-purified SCs still needs a further study.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of double negative selections on growth and purity of SCs.DESIGN: Controlled animal study.SETTING: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University,and the Beijing Institution of Otolaryngology.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and the Beijing Institution of Otolaryngology between May 2006 and July 2006. Twenty new-born Wistar rats of 3 days (without gender limitation) were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of the Chinese Medical Academy.METHODS: The sciatic nerves of rats were digested by 0.2% collagenase. ① Grouping: All the rats were divided into 4 groups with 5 each. The experimental group was depurated by differential adhesion and Ara-c for 30 minutes. SCs in the control group 1 and 2 were managed by differential adhesion and Ara-c for 30 minutes, respectively. Cells in the control group 3 were not purified. ② Evaluation: The cell growth was observed under invert microscope; growth curves were measured with MTT method in the experimental group and control group 3 to observe cell proliferation. In addition, the SCs were identified by immunocytochemistry; the culture purity was calculated (ratio of S100 positive cells in each sight).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Growth of SCs; ② immunocytochemistry stain of SCs; ③ growth curve of SCs; ④ purity of SCs.RESULTS: ① Growth of SCs: At 5 days after incubation, the SCs proliferated well. SCs were spindle, bipolar and sometimes tripolar, with obvious nuclei and a little cytoplasm. There was more fibroblast cell in the group 3 than that in experimental group. ② Growth curve: The SCs in experimental group entered into the logarithm multiplication period at the third day. ③ Immunocytochemistry: The positive-stained SCs were brown in its body and process, and arranged like swirl. The FB with spread and anomaly shape was slight blue. ④ The ratio of anti-S100 positive cells was higher in experimental group than that in group 3 (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: With the double negative selection, high-purified SCs are obtained effectively.

The resting cells of Citrobacter freundii 48003 3 expressing high tyrosine phenol lyase activity under the inducing of L tyrosine were used for L DOPA synthesis from catechol, pyruvate and ammonia In this paper, the effects of temperature, pH and substrate concentrations on the synthesis of L DOPA were studied At the optimal conditions of reaction, 9 5g/L of L DOPA was obtained in 12h

Objective To investigate the role of IL-13 in the patients with acute and chronic urticaria. Methods In 22 patients with acute urticaria, 20 patients with chronic urticaria and 19 normal controls, the levels of IL-13, IL-4 and IFN-? of peripheral T lymphocytes were measured by flow cytometry. The serum concentrations of IL-13 and total IgE were tested by ELISA. Results The results of flow cytometry showed that the level of IL-13 of the patients with acute urticaria was significantly higher than that of the normal controls (P

Objective To explore the role of Annexin Ⅱ and urokinase-type plasminogen activator(uPA) proteins in the development and lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Annexin Ⅱ and uPA proteins in 35 cases of papillary thyroid cancer tissues,10 cases of thyroid adenoma tissues,16 cases of nodular goiter tissues and 7 cases of normal thyroid tissues.Results The positive expression rate of Annexin Ⅱ and uPA protein was significantly higher in papillary thyroid cancer than in normal thyroid tissues,nodular goiter tissues and thyroid adenoma tissues( P ＜0.05 ).The expression of Annexin Ⅱ and uPA protein was positively correlated in papillary thyroid cancer tissues(P ＜0.05).The expression of Annexin Ⅱ protein in thyroid cancer tissues was associated with tumor size and lymph node metastasis while the expression of uPA protein was only related to lymph node metastasis.Conclusions Annexin Ⅱ and uPA proteins are involved in the occurrence and development of papillary thyroid cancer.They also play a facilitating role in lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer.

Background and purpose: The metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1) is highly expressed in different cancers and has an effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells through the regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 pathway. However, the role of MACC1 in ovarian cancer has been rarely studied. The study was aimed to suppress MACC1 gene expression by siRNA and explore the relationship between MACC1 expression and chemosensitivity to cisplatin in ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3/DDP. Methods:Empty plasmid p-super-EGFP-1 (negative control group) and p-super-EGFP-MACC1 shRNA (experimental group) were transfected into ovarian cancer cell SKOV3/DDP respectively. SKOV3/DDP cells without transfection were used as blank group. Then, MACC1 mRNA and protein levels were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Cell proliferation and IC50 of cisplatin was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium test (MTT). Apoptosis rate was determined by lfow cytometer (FCM). ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 protein levels were determined by Western blot. Results:Compared with those in blank and negative control groups, MACC1 mRNA and protein levels deceased in experimental group. The IC50 of cisplatin in experimental group was lower than that in the other groups (26.094 vs 47.501/47.089μmol/L, P<0.05). There was a lower expression of p-ERK1/2 in experimental group (0.3979 vs 00.6712/0.6681, P<0.05). Apoptosis rate was significantly higher in the experimental group before and after treatment of cisplatin (1.32%vs 0.66%/0.48%, P<0.05;36.70%vs 18.53%/16.60%, P=0.000). Conclusion:MACC1 gene may be involved in cisplatin resistance phenomenon in SKOV3/DDP cells through ERK1/2 pathway.

BACKGROUND:Whether determination of tacrolimus blood concentration by different immunoassay methods can influence predictive ability to immunosuppressive effects and toxicity, and whether it can be more sensitive to reflect blood concentration in patients with renal dysfunction are worthy of studying.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the correlation of tacrolimus (FK506) concentrations determined by enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in combination with renal function parameters.
METHODS:133 clinical blood samples were col ected. EMIT and ELISA techniques were used to determine the FK506 concentration. The correlation of two determination methods were analyzed, combined with renal function. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In patients with renal dysfunction, the mean results and standard deviation mensurated by ELISA were higher than those by EMIT. For blood concentration in 5-20μg/L by ELISA, the incidence of renal dysfunction occurred less than by EMIT. The overal mean results of blood concentration for two methods appeared no significant difference (r=0.904 5, P>0.05). When the concentration was less than 2.0μg/L, the concentration results by EMIT were higher than those by ELISA (P<0.01). When the concentration was more than 2.0μg/L, there was no significant difference between two determination methods (P>0.05). These findings indicate that EMIT and ELISA has good correlation, which are both suitable for clinical routine determination of plasma concentration. It is not recommended for applying EMIT method to determine low blood concentrations (<2.0μg/L). The reference range of concentration should be compartmentalized depending on combination of determination methods and renal function.

Animals ; Endothelium, Vascular ; injuries ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Infusions, Intravenous ; methods ; Injections ; methods ; Male ; Rabbits ; Syringes

Objective To investigate the regulation on cell cycle related factor such as Cyclins and P21waf/cip1 by inhibiting histone deacetylase(HDAC)with valproic acid sodium(VPA).Methods HepG2 hep-tocellular carcinoma cells.BGC-823 gastric carcinoma cells and MCF-7 breast cancer cells were cultured with O.75-4.00 mmoL/L VPA for 48 h in vivo.and the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry with PI assay.The protein and mRNA expression of Cyclin A,Cyclin D1,Cyclin E and P21waf/cip1 were analyzed by indirect immu-nofluorescence technique and RT-PCR.respectively.Results Compared with control groups,VPA at concen-trations 0.75-4.00 mmol/L exerted a significant inhibiting effect on G1 phase of HepG2,BGC-823 and MCF-7 cells(P<0.001).and the effect was dose dependent.Cyclin A was down-regulated both at mRNA and protein level in HepG2 and BGC-823 cells(P<0.001),but no difference in MCF-7 cells(P>0.05).Cyclin D1 was down-regulated both at mRNA and protein level(P<0.001)and P2lwaf/cip1 was up-regulated both at the mRNA and protein level in the three cell lines(P<0.001);Conversely,protein and mRNA expression of Cyclin E were unchanged upon treatment with VPA(P>0.05).Condusion Acetylization of histone intervened with VPA can regulate Cyclin D1 and P21waf/cip1 expressions obviously.To the expression of Cyclin A,it shows some difference according to the histogenesis and phenotypes of different carcinoma types.But there is not any obvious function on Cyclin E.Down-regulating Cychn D1 and up-regulating P21waf/cip1 may be the common target path-way in the inhibition of cell cycle G1 phase exerted by VPA.

Objective To summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic experience on chronic pancreatitis characterized by a pancreatic mass. Methods The clinical data of 28 cases of chronic pancreatitis with mass undergoing surgical operations were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital from June1999 to June 2009. Results Among the 28 cases, 19 were diagnosed as carcinoma, 9 cases were diagnosed as chronic pancreatitis respectively before operation. Needle aspiration biopsy and/or postoperative pathology identified chronic pancreatitis in all cases. The symptom included abdominal pain (22 cases),jaundice (15 cases), and obstruction of duodenum (4 cases). Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed in 17 cases, choledochojejunostomy performed in 3 cases, pancreatojejunostomy performed in 1 case.Duodenum-preserving resection was performed in 4 cases, and resection of body and tail of the pancreas were performed in 3 cases. There was no operative death. Postoperative complications included pancreatic leakage (2 cases), severe gastroplegia (2 cases) and stress peptic ulcer with massive bleeding ( 1 case). All patients got follow-up ranging from 6 months to 5 years. Recurrence of abdominal pain developed in 7 cases after 2 years. Canceration of pancreatic mass was found respectively in 8 months, 1 year after operation in one each cases. Conclusion Preoperative differential diagnosis of chronic pancreas and pancreatic tumor was difficult. Although needle aspiration biopsy is the effective method for diagnosis, there may be still a possibility of missed diagnosis/misdiagnosis.