Iron is an essential nutrient that not only participates in cell oxidative phosphorylation, DNA synthesis and replication, but also regulates cancer associated genes through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF).In the process of cancerization, cells change the way of iron metabolism resulting in a high consumption of iron.In this case, pathways of iron acquisition, efflux, storage and regulation are perturbed.Therefore, iron can significantly contribute to tumor growth, cell survival and metastasis.In this paper, we summarize the iron changes in cancer cells and the relationship between the changes and tumorigenesis.We also briefly state the potential problems of current clinical using iron chelating agents in oncotherapy.Targeting iron metabolic pathways may provide new tools for cancer prognosis and therapy.

Objective:To compare the difference between the measurement methods of wire and divider applied in the measurement of arch length at orthodontic dental model analysis.Methods:80 pairs of dental models were selected,including 40 normal occlusion models and 40 crowded models.The arch length of every model was measured by the wire and divider methods respectively,and the casual error and paired t test was subsequently employed to compare the difference between the measurements data.Results:The variance coefficients of the dental lengths measured by the divider method was larger than those measured by the wire method in both crowding and normal occlusion(P

Objective:To investigate the value of prenatal ultrasound combined with MRI in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of fetal pulmonary sequestration.Methods: The prenatal examination data of 9 cases with pulmonary sequestration confirmed by autopsy and postnatal follow-up was analyzed retrospectively. All fetuses were examined by MR examination performed within 24 hours after ultrasound examination. The results of prenatal ultrasound and MRI were analyzed, and the results were compared with the follow up results.Results: The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound was 77.78%(7/9), 2 cases were misdiagnosed(one case was misdiagnosed as abdominal mass and one case as pulmonary cystadenoma). The diagnostic accuracy of MRI was 100%.Conclusion: Prenatal ultrasound is the primary method for pulmonary sequestration. As the supplement, MR can display directly the location, shape, size of the lesion. There is high value in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of fetal pulmonary sequestration. The combination of ultrasound and MRI can further improve the diagnostic accuracy of the disease.

After the problems in digitalizing ancient books on traditional Chinese medicine were analyzed, the principles that should be followed in their digitalization were pointed out according to its theories and practice.The platform for digitalizing them was constructed with《Collective Notes to Canon of Materia Medica》as an example, and its design ideas, framework, development model and functional modules were described.

Objective To explore an assessment questionnaire for assessing caregiving knowledge of primary caregivers in children with nephrotic syndrome. Methods Delphi method was used to review the literature. Ten primary caregivers of children with nephrotic syndrome were interviewed and five medical, nursing experts were pre-surveyed to form an expert consultation questionnaire. Sixteen experts from some provinces were selected to carry out two rounds expert consultation. To screen the dimensions, factors, entries of the questionnaire and to analyze the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Results The positive coefficient was 100%, the expert authority coefficient was 0.95 and the expert co-ordination coefficient W test was P<0.05 of the two rounds expert consultation. The questionnaire data included 6 dimensions, 26 factors, 106 items. The basic knowledge of disease, diet knowledge, medication knowledge, personal hygiene and infection prevention, activity and rest, home care constitute the dimensions. The Cronbach α coefficient was 0.872, the test-retest reliability was 0.823, the split-half reliability was 0.855, and the average overall validity index of the questionnaire was 0.948. Six common factors were extracted for exploratory factor analysis and the cumulative variance contribution> 65.633%. Conclusions The questionnaire of caregiving knowledge of primary caregivers of children with nephrotic syndrome developed by Delphi method has high reliability. The questionnaire is of practical significance for evaluating the care of primary caregivers of children with nephrotic syndrome.

OVX

Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid atheromatous plaque and its related biochemical indexes and cerebral infarction.Methods 65 cases with cerebral infarction served as cerebral infarction(CI) group and 35 cases of non-cerebral infarction as control group. In both groups,the location,number and nature of carotid atheromatous plaque and diamete of carotid artery were assessed by Doppler ultrasonography,and the related biochemical indexes such as blood lipid,blood glucose and fibrinogen were evaluated.Results Significant differences of the detectable rate of carotid atheromatous plaque and the diameter of common carotid artery were found between CI group[81.54%,( 7.43? 0.07)mm of left side,(7.52?0.60)mm of right side] and control group[28.57%,(7.75?0.10)mm of left side,( 7.97? 0.75)mm of right side]( P

Objective: To study the relationship between the lung compliance and the geographic factor in healthy Chinese adults, so as to provide scientific evidence for establishing the standard value of lung compliance for healthy Chinese adults. Methods and Results: We colleted the lung compliance data from 4 489 (2 726 males, 1 763 females) healthy adult Chinese from 46 cities and counties across China. The relationship between lung compliance data and geographic factors (altitude[X1], annual sunshine duration[X2], annual mean air temperature[X3], annual mean relative humidity[X4], and annual precipitation [X5]) were assessed by correlative analysis and co-linearity diagnostics. Then we analyzed the relationship between the reference value and the geographical factors by using the method Principal Component Analysis. The regression equation was: Y = 0.079-0.000 001 66X1-0.000 032 3X2-0.002 21X3+0.001 47X4-0.000 017 4X5±0.021. Conclusion: If geographical factors of an area are obtained, the reference value range of healthy adult lung compliance of this area can be calculated by using the regression equation.

Objective To explore clinical and pathological characteristics of neurological lesions in primary Sj(o)gren's syndrome (pSS).Methods Ten patients diagnosed as pSS with nervous system involvement were analyzed retrospectively with autoimmune antibody test,cerebrespinal fluid examination and Schivmer's test,six pSS patients with peripheral nervous system lesions (PNS-pSS) were examined with electromyography and nerve conduction velocity and four pSS patients with central nervous system lesions (CNS-pSS) were examined with cranial MRI to analyze their clinical and pathological characteristics.Salivary gland biopsy was performed for all the ten patients,sural nerve biopsy for those with PNS-pSS and brain biopsy or spinal autopsy for those with CNS-pSS.Results Clinically,six patients with PNS-pSS presented symmetrical sensory-motor peripheral neuropathy or pure sensory peripheral neuropathy and four patients with CNS-pSS presented multiple sclerosis,subacute transverse myelitis,encephalitis,pituitary stroke and acute meningitis with varied lesions in the myelin sheath and axon by electromyography and motor nerve conduction velocity.Cranial MRI showed lesions in the white matter of the brain,spinal cord and abnormal signals in the pituitary.Pathologically,sural nerve biopsy showed typical vasculitis and nonvasculitis characterized as degeneration of the axon and myelin sheath,salivary acinar gland biopsy showed its atrophy and infiltration with lymphocytes,and brain biopsy showed demyelination of the brain and spinal white matter,as well as infiltration of lymphocytes surrounding the veins,typical vasculitis and bleeding and necrosis of the pituitary.Conclusions Both central and peripheral nervous systems can be involved in pSS,with complicated clinical manifestations.Electrophysiology,cerebrospinal fluid tests and histopathological examinations by biopsy are essential in diagnosis for neurological lesions in patients with pSS.Inflammatory reaction of the blood vessels and tissues mediated by cell immunity may be involved in mechanism of its neurological lesions.

The appliance of bilingual teaching of Medical Immunology offers an effective means of mastery and communication of the medical essential subject.This study has tried the bilingual teaching of medical immunology for clinical,dentistry and phylaxiology specialty students,discussed the model of bilingual teaching,investigated the teaching effect,analyzed and summarized the teaching experience.After the practice of bilingual teaching,we found that the feasible method of bilingual teaching to apply Chinese as the primary language and pervade English into the medical immunology course.