The distribution relationships of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) (5-HT), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), neurophysin (NP) and ?-endorphin (?-END) in the diagonal band of Broca (DBB) of rat brain were studied by immunohis- tochemistry. The results indicate that there was a close spatial overlap in the distribution between 5HT,TH,NP,?-END fibers and GnRH perikarya and fibers in the ventromedial area of VDBB and dorsomedial area of HDBB. In the dorsomedial area of VDBB close overlap in the distribution between 5-HT fibers and GnRH neurons was also observed. In addition, some TH and NP immunoreactive neurons were found in the medial areas of VDBB and HDBB, The close relationships in distribution and functional significance of GnRH,5-HT, TH, NP and ?-END were discussed.

With the rapid development of medical technology, radiation therapy in the treatment of liver cancer occupies the important position. According to the biological characteristics of large liver cancer, the development of liver cancer radiotherapy at home and abroad and the technical features of stereotactic radiotherapy, it is concluded that the effect of radiation therapy of liver cancer can be comparable to those of surgery.γ-SABR is a kind of high accuracy of stereotactic radiotherapy. Before the treatment, usually do a rough evaluation according to the patient general condition, tumor size, and the liver function. The potential risk of radiation induced liver disease is very big. Therefore, the evaluation of essential functional liver volume of large liver cancer is particularly important before stereotactic radiotherapy. Draw lessons from the consensus of liver reserve function and the decision tree of liver function, the concept of essential functional liver volume and remaining functional liver volume is applied to theγ-SABR are being studied in clinical trials. This review is intend to outline the evaluation of essential functional liver volume of solitary large hepatocellular carcinoma beforeγ-SABR.

Objective To investigate the effects of hypoxia on thyroid function in patients suffering from chronic pulmonary heart disease(CPHD).Methods Serum TT 3,TT 4 and TSH in 83 patients with different hypoxia chronic pulmonary heart disease were measured.Observe the changes and relations between TT 3,TT 4,TSH and Pa(O 2).Results The values of TT 3,TT 4 and TSH were (0 71?0 16)?g/L,(62 6?12 3)?g/L and(4 4?0 8)mU/L in patients with mild hypoxia CPHD.(0 49?0 13)?g/L,(33 2?8 5)?g/L and (5 3?0 7)mU/L in patients with moderate hypoxia CPHD.In the patients with severe hypoxia CPHD,they were (0 24?0 07)?g/L,(18 4?4 5)?g/L and (13 1?1 2)mU/L.In control group,they were (0 91?0 36)?g/L,(84 1?15 6)?g/L and (3 7?0 6)mU/L respectively.Pa(O 2) in patients with pulmonary heart disease had a positive relation with TT 3 and TT 4(P

Objective To establish a HPLC determination method for the effective constituents extracted from Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis by low-temperature water extraction.Methods The assay was conducted on Kromasil C18 column(250 mm? 4.6 mm,5 ? m)using a gradient elution with acetonitrile-water as mobile phase.The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL/min,column temperature was kept at 30 ℃,and the detection wavelength was at 240 nm.Results The linear range for schizandrol A was 5.0～ 200.0 ? g/mL(r=0.999 9),and the average recovery was 101.27 % with RSD being 1.97 %(n=6).Conclusion The method is simple,reliable and reproducible for the determination of schizandrol A.It can be used for quality control of preparations including Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Hematoma ; etiology ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; therapy ; Peritoneal Diseases ; etiology ; Radial Artery

Aged ; Anthracosis ; microbiology ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; genetics ; Humans ; L Forms ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Mining ; Mutation ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Tuberculosis ; microbiology

Objective:To prepare superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO) nanoparticles and to observe its acute toxicity on mice,so as to pave a way for further study on its long-term toxicity and on its role as a carrier in magnetic resonance gene imaging.Methods: The SPIO nanoparticle was obtained by means of co-precipitation,and its physical and chemical parameters were determined by transmission electron microscope,atomic force microscope,and 1.5 T super conduct MR,etc.According to the administration pathway and doses of SPIO,90 mice were divided into oral administration(with a total dose of 2 104.8 mg/kg and a volume of 40 ml/kg,n=30),intravenous injection(a total dose of 438.5 mg/kg and a volume of 25 ml/kg,n=30) and intraperitoneal injection(with a total dose 1 578.6 mg/kg and a volume of 30 ml/kg,n=30) groups.Another 10 mice in each group receiving the same dose of normal saline via the same pathway served as the controls(n=10).The general condition,the major serologic parameters,and the pathological changes of major organs were observed 14 d after administration in each group.Results: We have successfully prepared SPIO,and its core component was Fe3O4 crystal,with a size of 20-35 nm,a T2 relaxivity of 0.155?106 mol-1?sec-1,a specific saturated magnetization of 68.395 68 emu/g,and a retentivity of 21.463 74 Gs.There was no death of mice during the observation.There was no significant difference in serological parameters between mice of different groups and between each experiment group and their corresponding control group.No edema,degeneration and necrosis were seen in the liver,spleen,kidney,heart,and lungs by H-E staining and marrow by Wright staining;only a few blue particles were observed in the liver and spleen in the administration groups by Prussian blue staining,none observed in the control groups.Conclusion: SPIO prepared in the present study meets the requirement of MR imaging,with no acute toxicity to mice,and warrants further study for future MR gene imaging.

Objective To evaluate the effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on the sleep architecture of rats.Methods Sixteen pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 10-12 weeks,weighing 300-350 g,were divided into 2 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and sevoflurane group (group S).Each rat was implanted with a transmitter for recording electromyogram and electroencephalogram via telemetry.The rats were exposed to 2.4％ sevoflurane and pure oxygen 1.5 L/min for 5.5 h followed by 0.5 h washout with pure oxygen in group S,and the rats were exposed to pure oxygen 1.5 L/min for 6 h in group C.Then the rats were taken into the sleep monitoring box,and the 24 h after anesthesia was divided into 4 time periods according to the circadian rhythm:L1 (14:00-20:00),D1 (20:00-02:00),D2 (02:00-08:00) and L2 (08:00-14:00).The total time spent on wakefulness,on non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and on REM sleep,the number of wakefulness,NREM sleep and REM sleep,and the time spent on wakefulness,on NREM sleep and on REM sleep during each time period were recorded using Version 3.0 Neurosore software.Results Compared with group C,the total time spent on wakefulness was significantly shortened,the total time spent on REM sleep was prolonged,the number of NREM sleep was increased,the time spent on REM sleep in L1 and D1 time periods was prolonged,the time spent on wakefulness in D2 time period was shortened,the time spent on NREM sleep was prolonged (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the total time spent on NREM sleep or the number of REM sleep and wakefulness in group S (P＞0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane anesthesia can change the stability of sleep architecture,increase REM sleep and reduce wakefulness in rats.

Objective To evaluate the protective effect of polysaccharide nucleic acid fraction of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG-PSN) against atopic dermatitis (AD) in Nc/Nga mice,and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods Sixteen Nc/Nga mice were classified into normal control group (n =4),low-concentration BCG-PSN group (n=5) and high-concentration BCG-PSN group (n =7) to be subcutaneously injected with sodium chloride physiological solution,BCG-PSN of 0.1 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg respectively,at 1,8,15 and 22 days of age.Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was repeatedly and topically applied to these Nc/Nga mice to induce AD-like lesions at 49 days of age.The preventive effect of BCG-PSN against AD was evaluated by dermatitis scores,scratching frequency,histopathological manifestations and immunological parameters (including IgE,i nterleukin (IL)-4 and-12,and interferon (IFN)-γ).Results Repeated injection of BCG-PSN within 4 weeks after birth significantly decreased the severity of DNCB-induced AD-like lesions,dermatitis scores and scratching behavior in Nc/Nga mice.There was no statistical difference in scratching frequency between the high-and low-concentration BCG-PSN groups.BCG-PSN treatment reduced the plasma level of IgE in Nc/Nga mice in a dose-dependent manner.BCG-PSN at 0.5 mg/kg increased the number of cells secreting IFN-γ in skin lesions of mice.Both doses of BCG-PSN down-regulated IL-4 level,but up-regulated IL-12 level in the culture supernatant of spleen mononuclear cells from mice.Conclusion Early injection of BCG-PSN could protect Nc/Nga mice against dermatitis by promoting the proliferation of IFN-γ-secreting cells,increasing the synthesis of IL-12,and reducing the levels of IL-4 and IgE.

OBJECTIVE:To promote rational drug use clinically. METHODS:Sampling rate of prescriptions in outpatient and emergency departments was no less than 1‰ of total prescriptions and no less than 100 prescriptions were reviewed every month;the sampling rate (according to the hospital records of discharge) of ward (district) doctor’s advice was no less than 1% and no less than 30 prescriptions were reviewed every month. According to drugs evaluation indicators of rational drug use,the prescrip-tions were analyzed statistically,immediate intervention and administrative intervention were adopted for irrational prescriptions and medical orders. RESULTS:The average qualified rate of outpatient prescriptions was 97.86%and 0.92%was non-standard prescrip-tions,1.20% was inappropriate prescriptions and 0.01% was extraordinary prescriptions. The non-standard prescriptions in the sec-ond half year were significantly lowered,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The inappropriate usage and dosage was not effec-tively controlled. The average qualified rate of medical orders was 96.30% and drug replacement withont any reference and incom-plete diagnosis in the second half year were significantly lowered,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The utilization rate of an-tibiotics in emergency department was 41.51%and the other indicators were basic standard. The qualified rate of Majing drugs’pre-scriptions was 81.60%and non-standard prescriptions accounted for 88.37%in the irrational prescriptions. CONCLUSIONS:Imme-diate intervention and administrative intervention have achieved some success. Immediate intervention has mainly reduced the non-standard prescriptions and administrative intervention has controlled some specific irrational prescriptions.