No abstract available.

Serum adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) was raised in metabolic syndrome (MS)patients (n= 121) as compared with age-matched healthy subjects [n = 120, (14.7±4.8 vs 6.8 ±3. 0) μg/L,P<0.001]. It reached higher level in MS subjects with visceral obesity [(15.7±4.2 vs 12.6±5.1) μg/L, P<0.001]. Serum A-FABP concentration was positively correlated with body mass index, waist circumference, waist-tohip ratio, fasting insulin, homeostasis assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting glucose, triglycerides,total cholesterol,and mean arterial blood pressure, whereas negatively correlated with HDL-C (r =-0. 448, P< 0.001).

OBJECTIVETo explore the effectiveness of absorbable hemostatic fluid gelatin in preventing postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage.

METHODSThe clinical data of 17 patients with dura mater tear were retrospectively analyzed from March to September in 2003. There were 16 males and 1 female, aged from 16 to 67 years old with an average of (39.6 ± 15.4) years. The injury site was at cervical vertebrae in 1 case, thoracic vertebrae in 9 cases, thoracolumbar junction in 4 cases, lumbar vertebrae in 3 cases. There were burst fracture in 4 cases and fracture-dislocation in 13 cases. According to ASIA grade, 12 cases were grade A, 2 cases were grade B, 2 cases were grade D, 1 case were grade E. Two cases caused by traffic accident, 10 by high falling, 4 by heavy parts crash, 1 by stairs fell during the earthquake. Absorbable hemostatic fluid gelatins were used to plug the dura mater tear,in order to prevent postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Postoperative drainage were recorded every day.

RESULTSOf 17 patients, 15 cases did not develop with cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Two cases develop with cerebrospinal fluid leakage after operation and their drainage were removed at 6 to 7 days after operation. In all cases, no complications related with cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred, such as headache, dizzy, fever,neck resistance, rash, incision disunion, incision infection, hematoma, neurologic symptoms aggravation. No abnormal phenomena was found on incision surrounding at follow-up of 9 months.

CONCLUSIONUsing absorbable hemostatic fluid gelatin to plug the dura mater tear during operation is an effective method in preventing postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ; prevention & control ; Female ; Gelatin ; administration & dosage ; Hemostatics ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control

Objective To observe the effects of exogenous interleukin (IL)-6 on survival time and regeneration of liver grafts in an orthotopic liver transplantation model in IL-6 knockout (KO) mice.Methods A model of liver transplantation in C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and IL-6 KO mice with C57BL/6 background was established. Grafts were preserved at 4 ℃ in UW solution before transplantation.Study was divided into 4 groups:IL-6 KO→IL-6 KO control group,IL-6 KO→C57BL/6 WT group,IL-6 KO→IL-6 KO+ rIL-6 group,and IL-6 KO→C57BL/6 WT+ rIL-6 group.Recipient animals were injected subcutaneously with human recombinant IL-6 (1 mg/kg body weight) 1 h before transplantation.Survival of liver grafts after transplantation was followed up.Hepatocyte replication with BrdU uptake after liver transplantation was examined by irnmunohistochemistry.Results A total of 48 liver transplantations were performed.Cold ischemic time was 50 min.The survival time of liver grafts in the control group was 2.2 days,and that was 1.9 days,＞17.6 days and ＞20.4 days in IL-6 KO→C57BL/6 WT group,IL-6 KO+ rIL-6 group and C57BL/6 WT+ rIL-6 group respectively with the the difference being statistically significant among the latter three groups (P＜0.01 ).The liver grafts transplanted in control group recipients showed patchy areas of necrosis and hepatocyte ballooning.Slight increase in BrdU uptake was found at 48 h post-transplantation.Minimal injury and no necrosis were observed in IL-6 treated groups.Mild increase of BrdU uptake was demonstrated at 48 h after liver transplantation. Conclusion Exogenous recombinant IL-6 appears to significantly prolong the survival time of IL-6 KO liver grafts after liver transplantation and enhance the regenerative response after liver transplantation in IL-6 KO mice.

Objective To explore the effect of different cold ischemia (CI)times on the patterns of intra-graft T cell activation gene-3 (TCA-3) expression early after isogeneic half liver transplantation (PLT)in mice. Methods The models of C57BL/6 full-size(FS) and PLT were established.The CI time was 1,4 and 8 h.Specimen were collected at 4 and 24 h post-reperfusion.Ribonuclease protection assays (RPA)was used to evaluate serial mRNA expression of the TCA-3 chemokine in all mice.Histopathology was used to examine cold ischemia injury in the liver grafts. Results A total of 45 control and 30 PLTs were performed.The survival rate at 7 day after control and PLT was 100％.Quantitative analysis demonstrated the levels of TCA-3 mRNA expression were low at 4 h after reperfusion in control group with 1,4,8 h CI.The levels of TCA-3 significandy increased at 4 h after reperfusion in PLT group with CI of 1,4,8 h and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( F =7.41,P ＜ 0.05 ). TCA-3 mRNA expression significantly decreased at 24 h after reperfusion in two groups. But the difference was not statistically significant ( P ＞ 0.05 ). Histopathology showed severer cold ischemia injury in PLT grafts compared with control grafts. Conclusions The expression of TCA-3 significandy increased early after PLT and played an important role in cold ischemia injury.TCA-3 could be used as the early therapeutic target for reducing ischemia injury in PLT grafts.

?AIM:To compare the changes of the contrast sensitivity after LASIK with femtosecond laser and microkeratome and to explore the influence of different methods making corneal flap on visual quality.? METHODS: There were 212 eyes in 106 myopes underwent excimer operation . According to the different methods of operation, they were divided into two groups:microkeratome group ( SBK group ) and femtosecond laser group ( FS group) . FS group: a total of 112 eyes in 56 patients received LASIK with femtosecond laser. SBK group: a total of 100 eyes in 50 patients received LASIK with microkeratome. Contrast sensitivity was detected preoperatively, and 1wk, 3mo postoperatively and compared between the two groups.? RESULTS: At 1wk after operation, the contrast sensitivity under photopic environment decreased in the two groups, compared with those before operation ( P<0. 05). The differences of contrast sensitivity before and 3mo after operation were not significant (P>0. 05). No statistical significant difference was found in contrast sensitivity under photopic environment at 1wk, 3mo between the two groups ( P>0. 05 ). At 1wk after the operation, the contrast sensitivity under scotopic environment decreased in both groups compared with those before operation ( P< 0. 05 ). In SBK group, it decreased more than in FS group (P<0. 05). After 3mo, the decline of 14. 2c/d spatial frequency contrast sensitivity under scotopic environment in the SBK group was more than other frequency. No statistical significant difference was found in the rest frequency contrast sensitivity under scotopic environment before and after operation (P>0. 05). After 1wk, contrast sensitivity with glare stimulation in both groups decreased, compared with those before operation ( P< 0. 05 ), while in SBK group, it decreased more than in FS group (P<0. 05). After 3mo, except that the decline of 14. 2c/d spatial frequency contrast sensitivity with glare stimulation in the SBK group was significant compared with those before operation, the contrast sensitivity under glare stimulation in both groups had no significant differences compared with before operation(P>0. 05).?CONCLUSION:LASIK with femtosecond laser can get a better visual quality than LASIK with microkeratome.

Neuropathological, clinical epidemiology and animal models studies provide clear evidence for the activation of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is linked with reduced risk to develop the disease. But the clinical trials got a negative outcome with traditional NSAIDs treating AD. The therapeutic effects of NSAIDs on Alzheimer's disease are still not clear based on the present research. Profound study for anti-inflammatory mechanisms and standardized clinical trials are needed. As cause and effect relationships between neuroinflammation and AD are being worked out, the challenge is how to realize the effect of traditional NSAIDs on treating AD.
Alzheimer Disease ; drug therapy ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy

Previous reports suggested that a low-frequency stimulus (LFS) of 1~2 Hz (600~900 pulses) induced a homosynaptic long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic efficacy in the hippocampal CA1 area of young rats (< 4-week old). However, these stimulation protocols often failed to induce LTD in the adult CA1 hippocampus. In the present study, we examined the effects of two novel tetanus patterns on LTD induction in adult rat hippocampal slices. We determined that these novel stimulation protocols induced LTD in the adult hippocampus, and that the characteristics of induced LTD were parameter-specific, including latency (period from the end of tetanus to a beginning of LTD) and the amplitude of LTD. These results suggest that LFS with certain patterns can induce LTD in the CA1 area of adult rat hippocampal slices, and that the multi-trains of 2-Hz protocol provided more effective response than the 5-Hz protocol.
Animals ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; In Vitro Techniques ; Long-Term Synaptic Depression ; physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVESTo measure the linear polyethylene wear with use of a computer-assisted two-dimensional method, and to evaluate the relationship between wear and long-term clinic-radiological findings.

METHODSBetween December 1991 and December 1995, the senior author performed 40 primary total hip arthroplasties with use of H/G porous-coated acetabular component. Radiographs of 40 H/G cementless total hip arthroplasties were examined for osteolysis, radiolucent line, cup migration and so on. To measure the linear polyethylene wear, migration in the femoral head center relative to the cup shell center was calculated on digitized consecutive radiographs with special computer software program.

RESULTSThe minimum follow-up was 10 years. Total linear wear was 2-8 mm, the mean rate of linear polyethylene wear was (0.32+/-0.31) mm/year. Twelve acetabular components (30%) were revised at an average follow-up point of 12 years. Three types of polyethylene liner failure were identified: wear-through of the polyethylene liner with resultant metallosis (5 hips), excessive wear necessitating revision (5 hips), and polyethylene liner dissociation without gross evidence of wear (2 hips).

CONCLUSIONSHigh wear rates and femoral and acetabular osteolysis have been and still are the main problems in uncemented total hip replacement. There is clear relationship between wear and acetabular osteolysis or loosening of the prostheses. The poor long-term results with these uncemented total hip arthroplasties illustrate the necessity of regular radiographic evaluation in order to detect osteolysis and liner failure, which are both generally asymptomatic until catastrophic failure appears.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; methods ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Osteolysis ; etiology ; Polyethylene ; Postoperative Complications ; Prosthesis Failure ; Retrospective Studies

Previous reports suggested that a novel stimulus pattern of multi-train stimulus at low-frequency (2-Hz or 5-Hz) could induce stable long-term depression (LTD) in the CA1 area of adult rat hippocampus. In the present study, in order to determine the mechanism in LTD induced by the two novel tetanus patterns, changes in the population spikes (PS) in the hippocampal CA1 area of adult rats following the multi-train stimulus in the presence of AP5 [antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs)] or MCPG [antagonist of type I/II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs)] were recorded. The results showed that both AP5 and MCPG inhibited the LTD induced by 2-Hz multi-train stimulus. The mean amplitude of population spikes (PSA) normalized to the baseline was (96.0±3.5)% after applying AP5 (n=10) and (95.7±4.1)% after applying MCPG (n=8), respectively, measured at 20 min post-tetanus. While 5-Hz multi-train tetanus failed to induce LTD in the presence of MCPG. The mean PSA was (73.6±4.4)% (n=10) and (98.2±8.9)% (n=8) in the presence of AP5 and MCPG, respectively, measured at 35 min post-tetanus. So it is suggested that LTD induced by 2-Hz multi-train tetanus involves co-activation of NMDARs and mGluRs, while LTD induced by 5-Hz multi-train tetanus is only related to activation of mGluRs.
2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate ; pharmacology ; Animals ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; physiology ; Glycine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Long-Term Synaptic Depression ; Rats ; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; antagonists & inhibitors