A better understanding of the function of spleen has been gained recently,owing to the in-depth studies on the structure,cellular function,secretion and innervation of spleen.It is generally accepted that the spleen is the important part of the regulation network between immune,nerve and endocrine system.The spleen has much more functions besides blood filtering and storing,haematogenesis,and immunization,and its immune function has characteristics of two-way and phase.But further study is still needed for the precise evaluation of function of the spleen,especially the spleen on the pathologic state,clarification of the pathogenesis of hypersplenism,and the relationship between spleen and other organs.Here we introduced the progress of fundamental research of the spleen from multiple perspectives.

Abstract: Objective　 This article aims to present a rare case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) complicated by with bacteraemia caused by Campylobacter jejuni, and to discuss the pathogenic characteristics, culture methods, clinical features and treatment points of Campylobacter jejuni and the patient's outcome, with a view to raising clinical awareness of blood culture and providing experience for the treatment of this disease. Methods　The clinical data of a case with SFTS complicated by bacteremia caused by Campylobacter jejuni admitted to Weihai Municipal Hospital were collected and the diagnostic process of the pathogenic bacteria as well as the treatment plan were retrospectively analysed. Results　The patient was a female who had been bitten by a tick bite half a month ago and presented to the hospital on 30th August with a fever, vague pain in the peribulbar abdomen and diarrhea for 5 days. Laboratory tests showed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and nucleic acid detection for SFTS was positive, resulting in a diagnosis of SFTS. After a week of antiviral treatment with ribavirin and symptomatic treatment, the patient suddenly experienced high fever at night, with a temperature reaching 39.5 °C. Blood cultures were immediately taken from both sides of the double bottle. Bilateral anaerobic bottles were tested for positive after 53.06 hours, and Gram-negative Campylobacter was cultured anaerobically in a transfer blood plate and further identified as Campylobacter jejuni using mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF MS. Vancomycin was stopped clinically on the basis of bacterial pathogenesis and meropenem was used for anti-infection and symptomatic treatment. During the treatment, blood culture and nucleic acid detection for SFTS turned negative, and the patient's symptoms improved. After normal results were achieved in the follow-up testing, the patient was discharged. Conclusions　This case serves as a reminder that Campylobacter jejuni not only causes intestinal infections, but can also lead to extra-intestinal infections in immunocompromised individuals. Clinical and laboratory personnel should increase their recognition of Campylobacter jejuni, prioritize blood culture methods, and utilize a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and treatment.

AIM: To investigate the cellular biological effects of matrine on K562 and K562/Vin cells and discuss the anticancer mechanism of matrine. METHODS: MTT assay was used to detect the IC_ 50 of matrine on these two cell lines and the reversal effect of matrine on K562/Vin cell's resistance to vincristine. In addition, the growth curve of cells was drawed. The p-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression was determined by immunohistochemistry analysis. The morphological changes of cells under light microscopy and the structural changes under transmission electron microscope were observed. RT-PCR assay was used to detect the hTERT-mRNA expression. RESULTS: The IC_ 50 of matrine was 3.4, 4.6 mmol?L -1 for K562 and K562/Vin cells, respectively. Matrine (4.0 mmol?L -1) inhibited the growth of K562, K562/Vin cells, 2.0 mmol?L -1 matrine inhibited expression of P-gp and with 492.4 reversal index. Matrine killed K562 cells by inducing the apoptosis and the same effect on K562/Vin cells was also observed. The hTERT-mRNA expression of K562 cells were also inhibited by matrine. CONCLUSIONS: Matrine enhanced the cytotoxicity of vincristine in K562/Vin cells, induced the apoptosis of K562 and K562/Vin cells, also inhibited the hTERT-mRNA expression in K562 cells. It shows that matrine would be an effective anticancer medicine.

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Colposcopy ; Conization ; Electrosurgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; methods ; Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Vaginal Smears

?AlM:To investigate the sensitive parameters of the anterior chamber changes with Pentacam anterior segment analysis system before and after laser peripheral iridectomy (LPl) in primary angle-closure suspetive (PACS).
? METHODS: Sixty eyes of 33 PACS patients were enrolled in this study. Pentacam examination was performed before and 1d after LPl to measure the central anterior chamber depth ( CACD ) , the peripheral anterior chamber depth ( PACD ) , the anterior chamber volume ( ACV) and the peripheral anterior chamber angle ( ACA) . Statistical analysis used paired t test.
?RESULTS: There was no statistical significance on the changes of ACD. PACD and ACV increased significantly between before and 1d after LPl. ACA was widened from (22. 26o±5. 18o) to (26. 42o±5. 20o), which were increased significantly between before and 1d after LPl.
?CONCLUSlON: LPl can deepen the PACD and increase the ACV in PACS. PACD and ACV are the sensitive parameters of the anterior chamber changes with Pentacam anterior segment analysis system.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a multimodal perioperative care pathway designed to achieve early recovery for patients undergoing major surgery.The ERAS programs aim to reduce traumatic stress and postoperative complications,improve full recovery of patients or combine and coordinate evidence-based perioperative care interventions that support standardizing and optimizing surgical care.The international working group assembled by the ERAS Society composed the 2014 Consensus guidelines for enhanced recovery after gastrectomy Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS(@)) Society recommendations in July 2014.This guideline is designed for optimal perioperative care for patients undergoing gastrectomy.This paper presented the understanding of hot issues of the guidelines in order to provide the clinical evidence of evidence-based medicine for the surgical field in China.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate the expression function of substance P and the formation of osteoclasts in the periodontal tissues after the inferior alveolar nerve sectioned in rats.

METHODSThirty Wistar male rats were used in the experiment and were divided into six groups (n = 5) randomly: 0 d (normal), 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d, and 28 d. The periodontal tissues were removed from the denervation of the inferior alveolar nerve in rats. The periodontal tissues were checked by paraffin sections through immunohistochemical staining to trace the expression of substance P and through tratrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining to detect the osteoclasts. The average optical density and osteoclast were measured, and the obtained data was statistically analyzed.

RESULTSThe expression level of substance P in the first three days decreased significantly after the inferior alveolar nerve was cut. In addition, the lowest expression level was measured after 7 d. Normal levels in the periodontal tissue were measured after 21 d. In addition, we found that osteoclasts vary proportionally with the changes in substance P.

CONCLUSIONThe changes in substance P is positively correlated with the quantity of osteoclasts after the inferior alveolar nerve section. Therefore, we deduce that substance P may regulate the differentiation of osteoclasts formation, and thereby participate in the balancing of aveular bone metabolism.

Usually, the rape cases should include the evidence of both violence and sexual intercourse. These important evidences often were consist of mechanical injury, use of drugs and biological materials. Due to the rape pathway and the client behavior, there were some different showings in the type, feature, position of damage and also the biological species, legacy parts, legacy object etc. They were easily losed If ignored the process of collecting the biological materials. In this article, we summarized the elevant information and technical details related the ifnding, harvesting and testing of damage, drugs, biological examples. Meanwhile, we concerned the occurrence time, environment, regional, criminal methods, and the professional characteristics of suspects and victims. Hopefully the paper can give a hand to police.

The paper designs and implements an online exercise training system based on B /S mode and introduces the development process of ICD-10 online exercise training system , including the system requirement analysis , functional design , database design , sys-tem implementation and system testing .Moreover, it introduces key technologies used in the development process .

Objective To investigate the effects of chloroquine on metabolism of insulin,glucose,lipids and expression of insulinase gene (EIG) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Fasting plasma insulin (FINS),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),glycoslated hemoglobin (HbA1c),plasma lipids and lipoprotein,insulinase activity of erythrocytes (EIA) and EIG were determined in 30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus laking chloroquine for 14 day in dosage of 250mg twice daily,27 diabetic patients laking placebo and 20 normal subjects.Insulin sensitive index (ISI) were also calculated.Results Chloroquine caused a decrease in total plasma cholesterol,low density lipoprotein,EIA and EIG,and an increase in ISI,plasma high density lipoprotein and subclass 2.No change of these indices was observed in diabetic patients with placebo.Conclusion Chloroquine can ameliorate the dyslipidemia and insulin sensitivity of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.This may be due to a decrease in EIG,which may result in lowered degradation of insulin.