Cytochrome P450 are abundant in Streptomyces which play an important role in the biosynthesis of secondary products and metabolism of exotic chemicals of Streptomyces. Recent progress and function of cytochrome P450 in Streptomyces were reviewed in this paper. The problems in study of Streptomyces Cytochrome P450, and the prospects for future study of cytochrome P450 and its application were also discussed.

Objective To determine the effects of endogenous testosterone on early atherosclerosis of coronary artery in castrated rabbits fed with high fat diet.Methods 30 adult male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated to three groups:castrated group,physiological level group [6mg/kg intramuscular injection of testosterone undecanoate(TU)after cas tration,once every two weeks] and sham operation group.All animals were fed with high fat diet,but only the animals in both castrated group and physiological level group were castrated(bilateral castration)reproduce models with different testosterone levels.Serum total testosterone and estradiol,serum lipids and lipoproteins were determined 12 weeks after model establishment.The intimal thickness of coronary and kidney artery were measured and analyzed.Results The average level of serum TC,TG,LDL-C,ApoB,LDL-C/HDL-C and ApoB/ApoA1 were higher in castrated group than in sham operation group and physiological level group(P0.05).Conclusion The decrease in endogenous testosterone provokes early atherosclerosis of coronary artery in male rabbits fed with high fat eiet.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; Humans

Aim To investigate the role of GDF11 in palmitate induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance.Methods The C2C12 cells were sorted into control group, GDF11 intervention group, palmitate group and GDF11 combined with palmitate group.Cell viability was measured by CCK-8, and the glucose uptake was determined by 2NBDG.The mRNA level of myotube marker genes(desmin,myogenin), insulin mediate glucose uptake related genes(GLUT-4,IRS-1) and PGC-1α were tested by RT-PCR.The protein expression of PGC-1α was detected by western blot.Results GDF11 had little effect on cell viability of skeletal muscle cells.Compared with control group, the glucose uptake and the expression of GLUT-4,IRS-1,PGC-1α were significantly decreased by palmitate intervention.Compared with palmitate group, the glucose uptake and the expression of GLUT-4,IRS-1,PGC-1α were not significantly changed by GDF11.Conclusion Palmitate can induce skeletal muscle cell insulin resistance, but GDF11 may not significantly improve the skeletal muscle cell insulin resistance.

The feasibility of frontal chromatography for determining the complexation stability constant KML and total mole of binding site Λo was demonstrated by the accuracy and precision binding experiments between metal ions (Cu2+, Ni2+ and Co2+) and chelating ligand (IDA), in which R2>0.98 and RSD <5%.To further prove the universality of the frontal chromatography, the changing rules of KML values between Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+ and IDA, Asp, L-Glu were examined under NaAc-HAc, Na-PB and Tris-HCl buffer systems.The results showed that the binding strength of chelating ligands for metal ions followed IDA>Asp>Glu;binding strength of metal ions for chelate ligands followed Cu2+>Ni2+>Co2+;and the binding effect with NaAc-HAc buffer was the best.In aqueous solution, quantum computing of binding energy (ΔE) and gibbs free energy (ΔG) between chelating ligand and metal ion was performed at the M06/6-311++G (d, p) level.According to ΔE and ΔG, the binding rules between chelating ligand and metal ion were predicted theoretically.These rules were basically in agreement with above experimental results.The present work provided effective method for studying on binding characteristics of metal ions for aminocarboxyl chelating ligands, thus exhibited a good foundation for improving the stability of immobilized metal affinity chromatographic column and solving the leakage of metal ions from the column in the process of competitive elution.

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment procedures for adrenal pheochromocytoma and adrenal ganglioneucoma.Methods Thirty-two cases of adrenal pheochromocytoma and 14 cases of adrenal ganglioneucoma surgical treated between 1999—2005 were analysed, The average of ganglioneucoma was 39 years old (16～63). tumor size ranged from 2.5 cm to 15 cm. The mean age of pheochromocytoma was 42 years old (19～74), tumor size ranged from 2cm to 16 cm. Tumor located in the adrenal area. All cases accepted surgical operation and were confirmed by pathology. Results Most cases of adrenal ganglioneucoma did not have any symptom but were founded incidentally. Differentials were obviously between ganglioneucoma and pheochromocytoma. Conclusion Both adrenal ganglioneucoma and pheochromocytoma are rare diseases.CT、urinary CA and 131I-MIBG are good methods for diagnosis.The final diagnosis depends on the pathology, surgical resection of tumor is a preferred choice.

A rapid and sensitive method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of four selenium species Se(Ⅵ), Se(Ⅵ), selenomethionine, and Se-methylselenocysteine in Se-enriched yeast by liquid chromatography-hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-HG-AFS). The isolation of the analytes from yeast samples was accomplished by proteaseⅩⅣ and trypsin enzymatic digestion. The target compounds were separated on a PRP-X100 anion exchange column and analyzed by HG-AFS. The mobile phase was 20 mmol/L (NH4)2HPO4. Good linearity was obtained for all the selenium species, with linear correlation coefficients higher than 0. 9996. The LODs of the four species were between 0. 5 and 5. 0 μg/kg. Average recoveries for the four analytes were in the ranges of 82 . 5%-101 . 2%, with intra-and inter-day RSD lower than 8. 6% and 14. 5, respectively. The proposed analytical method is simple, sensitive, with low operation cost, making it applicable for the determination of the selenium species in Se-enriched feeds.

Background Postoperative endophthalmitis following intraocular lens(IOL)implantation is still one of the most feared complications of cataract surgery.Bacterial adhesion to IOLs during their insertion is a prominent etiological factor.The adhesion characteristics of bacteria to IOL are very vital for the prevention of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.Objective The present study was to observe the in vitro adherence ability of Staphylococcus epidermidis to different intraocular lenses(IOLs)and compare the results in bacterial counting between scanning electron microscopy(SEM)photographs and quantitative cultures. Methods Five types of IOLs,including hydrophobic acrylic IOL,polymethylmethaerylate(PMMA)IOL,heparin-surface-modified(HSM) PMMA IOL,silicone(SI)IOL and hydrophilic acrylic IOL,were put into S.epidermidis(ATCC 12228)suspension for 1 hour.The bacterial adhesion numbers on the IOL surfaces were counted by quantitative cultures and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) photographs. Results Quantitative culture counting of viable adherent bacteria released by sonication showed that hydrophobic acrylic IOL and PMMA IOL were more likely for bacteria to attach.The number of bacteria on the five types of IOL surfaces showed significant differences(F=100.084,P=0.000).No significant differences were found in the number of bacteria between hydrophilic acrylic IOL and HSM-PMMA IOL (t=2.285,P=0.052)with the quantitative culture method.Direct counting of adherent bacteria in SEM photographs revealed that there were significant differences in bacterial adhesion numbers among difierent IOL material groups,with the numbers from high to low as follows:Hydrophobic IOL＞PMMA IOL＞SI IOL＞Hydrophilic IOL＞HSM-PMMA IOL(F=118.065,P=0.000).The counting method by SEM method was superior to that by quantitative cultures (t=5.019,P=0.000). Conclusion The bacterial adhesion ability varies upon the difference of IOL materials.Less bacterial adhesion is found on hydrophilic acrylic IOL and HSM-PMMA IOL,implying that the use of IOLs made from these two materials during surgery could diminish the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis and intraocular inflammation associated with IOLs implantation.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a Chinese herbal formula for calming liver and suppressing yang on the protein expressions of vascular tissues in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), and to explore the mechanism of efficacy. Methods: Twenty SHRs were randomly divided into model group and treatment group. Another 10 Wistar-Kyoto rats were selected as a normal control. SHRs in the treatment group were administered with the formula for calming liver and suppressing Yang for 4 weeks. During the course of treatment, blood pressure and heart rates were monitored every week and the ethology of rats, including irritability and rotation endurance was also evaluated. After treatment, thoracic aorta was obtained and its proteins were separated by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and database query. Results: The formula for calming liver and suppressing yang not only decreased the systolic blood pressure and heart rate, but also improved irritability degree and rotation endurance time of SHRs. This experiment had established the 2-DE graph of protein expressions of vascular tissues in SHRs. Compared with the normal group, the expressions of 15 proteins were down-regulated, and 12 proteins were up-regulated in vascular tissues of the model group. The formula for calming liver and suppressing yang treatment up-regulated expressions of 10 proteins in the 15 down-regulated proteins, and down-regulated 8 proteins in the 12 up-regulated proteins in vascular tissues of SHRs. After analysis, 16 obviously differentially expressed proteins were found, and 13 of them were identified. Conclusion: The formula for calming liver and suppressing yang can improve the ethology of SHRs. The mechanism is probably concerned with regulating the protein expressions of vascular tissues.

Objective This study evaluated the effects of combined procedure of surgical treatment and cell transplantation on dilated cardiomyopathy. Methods Eight patients (5 men and 3 women) with moderate to severe mitral regurgitation from end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy underwent surgery. Four patients were in functional class (FC) Ⅳ, six were in FC Ⅲ. There age ranged from 15 to 56 years. The preoperative ejection fraction (EF) ranged from 0.15 to 0.32 (mean 0.26 ± 0.08). Mitral valve replacement was performed in 5 patients and mitral valve repair in 3. Auto-bone marrow monenuclear cells were harvested, isolated, washed, and resuspended for direct injection after surgical procedure. Results All patients survived and were discharged from the hospital. After a mean follow-up period of 18 months ( 12 - 42 months). Echocardiography showed postoperative ejection fraction and wall movement velocity increased after 6 months. Radionuclide ventriculography showed myocardial perfusion improved significantly. Conclusion Combined procedure of surgical treatment and cell transplantation led to significant improvement in cardiac function in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.