HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

Objective: To explore the characteristics of IR spectra of the crude drug Herba Sedi collected in different habitats and seasons.Methods: The infrared spectra of all the samples of the whole plants were obtained by FT-IR spectroscopy,the sample powder tablets were used,and identifi cation features were determined through comparative study.Results: The harvest seasons of the samples are remarkly related to the positions(cm-1),intensity or ratios of some major absorbing peaks of the infrared spectra from the 15 samples of several different months and 4 habitats in Hubei Province,China.As for peak positions,the peak values(1625?7)cm-1 of all the samples in spring are less than 1623cm-1,but in autumn(April to October) are generally more than 1628 cm-1.And peak values(1057?16)cm-1 of the samples of spring are more than 1050 cm-1,but less than 1050 cm-1 for the samples of summer and autumn.Moreover,the habitats of samples are also related to IR spectra to some certain extent.Conclusion: The harvest seasons of Herba Sedi from Hubei Province can be preliminarily ascertained according to the IR spectra features.IR technique should be paid attention to in research and identifi cation of the harvest periods of crude plant drugs.

Objective To investigate the effects of radiation on the apoptosis rate and expression of 7 apoptosis-related genes in well-differentiated human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-1.Methods CNE-1 cells were cultured in vitro.The apoptosis rates of CNE-1 cells under 0-,2-,4-,6-,and 8-Gy radiation were measured by flow cytometry.The mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2,Bcl-xl,Bcl-w,Bax,Bak,Bad,and Bid were measured by RT-PCR.The Pearson test was used for analyzing the correlation of mRNA expression with apoptosis rate and radiation dose and the correlation between apoptosis rate and survival fraction.Results The early apoptosis rate of CNE-1 cells increased gradually as the radiation dose ranged from 0 to 6 Gy,but decreased when the radiation dose was 8 Gy; the late apoptosis rate of CNE-1 cells increased as the radiation dose ranged from 0 to 8 Gy.The mRNA expression of Bax was upregulated as CNE-1 cells were irradiated,and it was positively correlated with the early/late apoptosis rate and radiation dose (P =0.000 for all comparisons).The mRNA expression of Bcl-xl was downregulated,and it was negatively correlated with the early/late apoptosis rate (P =0.005 and 0.039) ; but it showed no correlation with radiation dose (P =0.369).The mRNA expression of Bcl-2 was upregulated and reached the peak level when the radiation dose was 4 Gy,and then it fell as the radiation dose increased.The mRNA expression of Bcl-w,Bcl-2,Bad,and Bid were not correlated with the early/late apoptosis rate (P =0.058 -0.894).There was no correlation between the apoptosis rate and survival fraction in CNE-1 cells (P =0.064).Conclusions Bax and Bcl-xl have some correlation with apoptosis rate in CNE-1 cells,but no correlation between the apoptosis rate and survival fraction was observed.

Objective To evaluate efficacy of routine cleaning and disinfection methods for incubators,and put forward a feasible improvement solution.Methods 30 incubators used in a neonatal intensive care unit of a hospital between Decem-ber 2013 and June 2014 were chosen and randomly divided into baseline,control,and trial groups(10 incubators in each group).Baseline group and control group were disinfected by routing disinfection method (wiping internal and external sur-faces of incubators with water and chlorine-containing disinfectant),trial group adopted intensified disinfection method (wi-ping internal surfaces of incubators with alcohol)on the basis of routine disinfection,disinfectant efficacy of three groups were compared.Results In baseline group,unqualified incubators were initially detected on the fourth day of monitoring, all incubators were contaminated in varying degrees on the seventh day of monitoring,the detection rate of unqualified spec-imens was 31.43% (88/280).The median time for the initial detection of unqualified incubators in control group and trial group were on the fifth day and seventh day respectively,there was significant difference between two groups(χ2 =12.38, P <0.05);The unqualified rate of trial group was significantly lower than control group (15.36%[43/280]vs 32.86%[92/280],χ2 =23.43,P <0.05 ).Conclusion Intensified disinfection with alcohol on the basis of routine disinfection method can effectively improve the disinfectant efficacy of the surface of incubators,it is convenient,inexpensive and safe, and worth to be popularized in primary hospitals.

Inteleukin-37 is a member of IL-1 family and originally named as IL-1F7.It has five different subtypes (IL-37a-e).It has been reported that IL-37 suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines production of a variety of immune cells, and further regulate innate immune response. In addition, IL-37 has protective effects on colitis, arthritis, pancreatitis and other inflammatory diseases that induced by exogenous stimuli. In a word, IL-37 is a novel anti-inflammatory cytokine and plays an important role in a variety of inflammation-related diseases.

Objective To investigate anti-ulcerative drug use in patients undergoing arthroscopic operation against stress ulcer. Methosds A total of 297 patients undergoing arthroscopic operation during Jan. to Aug. 2013 in our hospital were recruited and retrospectively analyzed with Excellspreadsheet. Results Among 297 patients in the study, ninety-four patients (31.6%) used AUD before operation, most (94.9%) administered by intravenous, and drug utilization index was 1.35. Ninety-eight point nine patients used proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in which Lansoprazole was prescribed most. Conclusion This study highlights the overuse of PPIs in patients undergoing arthroscopic operation.

Objective To analyze the adverse reactions of hysterosalpingography and prevention measures. Methods Totally 6 352 patients who underwent hysterosalpingography in our hospital between January 2006 and December 2013 were analyzed. Results Totally 836 cases had adverse reactions of different degrees including 312 cases of drug reactions and 626 cases of non?drug reactions. The adverse drug reactions were mainly hy?pogastralgia,laryngopharyngeal malaise,irritating cough,nausea,vomiting,shortness of breath,flush of the face,and pruritus. The non?drug reac?tions were mainly hypogastralgia,nausea,vomiting,pallor,speeding up of heart?beat,decreased blood pressure,dizziness,and blur version. Con?clusion Among patients who were negative for iodine anaphylactic test,there were still some who had adverse reactions of different degrees during HSG. Targeting at different conditions of reactions,corresponding prevention measures should be adopted to ensure the smooth progress of hysterosal?pingography.

Objective To investigated the role of antithrombin Ⅲ (AT-Ⅲ) levels in the early diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in patients with sepsis and the predictive effect of AT-Ⅲ on the development of DIC.Methods A retrospective study was conducted. Patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January to December in 2015 were enrolled. The patients were divided into sepsis group and non-sepsis group according to the diagnostic criteria of sepsis. In addition, sepsis patients were divided into 3 subgroups according to the international society on thrombosis and haemostasis (ISTH) scores on the first day: overt DIC (ISTH ≥ 5), non-overt DIC (ISTH 1-4) and none DIC group (ISTH = 0). Blood routine test, prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen (Fib), D-dimer, fibrin degradation products (FDP), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) scores, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores and ISTH scores were recorded on the first ICU day. AT-Ⅲ was recorded during 7 days. The differences were compared among these 3 groups. Correlations of AT-Ⅲ with various parameters were calculated by using Pearson correlation analysis in sepsis group and overt DIC group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for diagnosis of DIC with AT-Ⅲ, AT-Ⅲ+PT were drawn to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency. The AT-Ⅲ levels of DIC patients were compared between early-onset DIC and late-onset DIC during their ICU stay. The change of AT-Ⅲ levels with time and prognosis in patients with early-onset DIC was compared between groups.Results Totally 445 patients were recruited, with 138 patients in sepsis group, and 307 in non-sepsis group. There were 20 patents diagnosed with overt DIC on the first ICU day, 115 patients non-overt DIC and 3 patients of none DIC. Twenty-five sepsis patients were diagnosed overt DIC during the ICU days. AT-Ⅲ level in sepsis patients on the first ICU day were lower than that in non-sepsis patients [(55.29±13.92)% vs. (76.54±12.31)%,P < 0.01]. Patients with overt DIC had a lower AT-Ⅲ level than non-overt DIC or none DIC patients [(43.85±13.00)% vs. (56.95±13.03)%, (68.00±16.52)%, bothP < 0.05]. It was shown by Pearson correlation analysis that AT-Ⅲ level of sepsis patients on the first ICU day was negatively correlated to ISTH score and PT (r value were -0.467, -0.654, bothP < 0.01). AT-Ⅲ level of overt DIC patient on the first ICU day was negatively correlated with PT (r = -0.675,P = 0.001). It was shown by ROC curve that area under ROC curve (AUC) of AT-Ⅲ combined with PT for diagnosis overt DIC in sepsis patients was higher than that of AT-Ⅲ or PT alone (0.843 vs. 0.763, 0.834), the sensitivity 90.0%, specificity 73.7%. The cut-off value for overt DIC diagnosis in sepsis patients of AT-Ⅲ level alone was 48.5%, sensitivity was 78.0%, specificity was 70.0%. On the first ICU day, AT-Ⅲ level was risen when ISTH score improved in patients with sepsis. There was similar change of AT-Ⅲ level between patients with early-onset DIC and late-onset DIC. AT-Ⅲ level increased with DIC improvement.Conclusion AT-Ⅲ level can be used for diagnosing sepsis-associated overt DIC independently or with a combination of PT. When ISTH score improved, AT-Ⅲ level was risen in patients with sepsis associated DIC.

Objective To investigate the expression of recombinant IL-37b protein and removal of the endotoxin, and identify its biological activity.Methods The prokaryotic expression vector pET28/IL-37b was constructed and to transform Escherichia coli (E.coli) Rosetta.After induction with IPTG, the recombinant protein was purified through Ni2+-NTA gel column and identified by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie brilliant blue staining.Then, the endotoxin protein was removed and was treated with LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.The culture supernatant was collected.The expression of IL-6 was detected by ELISA and the biological activity of the protein was identified.Results The recombinant IL-37b with high purity was expressed and the endotoxin produced by prokaryotic expression was reduced, and it was identified to have good biological activity.Conclusions In this study a recombinant IL-37b protein with high biological activity is successfully obtained.

Objective To carry out the quality control testing and evaluation for three digital mammography systems.Methods The performance of three digital mammography systems was assessed by applying methods recommended in the European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis and Chinese specification for testing of quality control in X-ray mammography.The performance of X-ray generator of three digital mammography systems were tested and evaluated.CDMAM 3.4 phantom with four different thickness(30,40,50,60 mm) were exposured in DR,PCM,and CR system,respectively.The average glandular dose (AGD) value was measured and image quality figure (IQF) analysis was performed in each thickness.Results The X-ray machine performance of DR and CR was in accordance with existing standard,however the standard was inappropriate to evaluate part of X-ray machine performance of PCM system.The AGDs for system DR were 1.20,1.42,1.75 and 2.20 mGy for 30,40,50 and 60 mm PMMA thickness,respectively.The respective AGDs for system PCM and CR were 0.82,1.19,1.33,1.70 mGy and 0.59,0.88,1.47,2.19 mGy.For the same phantom thickness sequence,the IQFs were 21.36,21.57,27.25 and 30.58 for system DR,28.02,29.10,35.90,and 41.24 for system PCM,whereas they were 39.78,39.30,43.85 and 48.08 for system CR.Conclusions The AGDs of all three systems were in accordance with the values recommended in European guideline.The AGD and IQF could provide an effective way for performance assessment and constancy checks for digital mammography systems.