OBJECTIVETo elucidate the necessary and research of accelerating basic research of Chinese standard pieces as standard materials.

METHODAccording to over 10 years accumulated experience and be keenly aware of the author, the evaluation method of standardized processing technology and Chinese pieces quality, aimed at consummated the standard material of the quality evaluation of Chinese herbal pieces at the current situation, and inaccordance with the need of improving quality standard system of Chinese herbal pieces, illustrate the necessity of accelerating basic research of Chinese standard pieces as standard materials; from the technical specification for collecting and processing of raw materials, and the technical specification, homogenized sample, packaging, storage and etc., for processing of candidate standard pieces, determine the methods and steps of technical specifications for standard pieces as the standard substance, determine the methods and steps of technical specifications for standard pieces as the standard substance.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONTo speed up the basic research of standard of Chinese medicine pieces as of standard material is very necessary. The research objective is to specificate the processing technical for a number of standard pieces, to identify technical specifications and to ascertain the guiding principle and technical specification of decoction pieces as standard substance. This research will provide basic scientific data relevant national departments to apply for the accreditation of the standard substance.

AIM: To evaluate the effects of simulated acute ischemia and reperfusion on L-type calcium current (ICa,L) in ventricular myocytes from diabetic and non-diabetic rabbits.METHODS: Using whole-cell patch clamp techniques, ICa,L was measured in left ventricular myocytes isolated from 6-week alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits and age-matched control ones at baseline, 5 min of simulated ischemia, and 5 min of reperfusion.RESULTS: There were no significant differences on baseline maximum ICa,L densities between diabetic and control ventricular myocytes. In control cells (n=11), maximal ICa,L densities of baseline, ischemia and reperfusion were (-8.36±1.63)pA/pF, (-5.90±1.75)pA/pF and (-4.22±1.02)pA/pF, respectively. The ICa,L of ischemia was less than that of baseline (P<0.01), while the ICa,L of reperfusion was less than those of baseline (P<0.01) and ischemia (P<0.05). In diabetic cells (n=9),the ICa,L of baseline, ischemia and reperfusion were (-7.55±1.62)pA/pF, (-6.05±1.58)pA/pF and (-5.12±1.13)pA/pF, respectively. Only ICa,L of reperfusion was less than that of baseline (P<0.01), while ICa,L of ischemia was not significantly different from that of baseline (P>0.05) or reperfusion (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: ICa,L in diabetic ventricular myocytes represents blunted response to acute ischemic injury, being decreased more slowly than that in control cells. Post-ischemic reperfusion is still a potent inhibitor against ICa,L in both diabetic and non-diabetic cells. This study may be indicative of the mechanism about ischemia-reperfusion injury to diabetic myocardium and the therapy for diabetic patients with ischemic heart disease.

Adult ; Dust ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Occupational Exposure ; Silicosis ; diagnosis ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; methods

Nuclear factor-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)can protect the normal cells from the damage of oxidants and electrophones,preventing tumorigenesis and metastasis.However,the abnormal activation of Nrf2 in tumor cells can lead to tumor development.Chemicals acting on Nrf2 pathway include activators and inhibi-tors,Nrf2 inhibitors can increase the chemosensitivity of the tumor,providing a new idea for the drug design of high-efficiency and low-toxicity.

Objective To explore perinatal risk factors associated with the neurobehavioral development of small for gestational age (SGA) full-term neonates.Methods This prospective cross-sectional study included 111 full-term newborn infants from Apr 2008 to Apr 2010 born in Yan-tai Yuhuangding Hospital.Detailed clinical data in perinatal period of all subjects were recorded.Infants aged 3 ～ 7 days were assessed with neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) for neurobehavioral development.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore risk factors associated with the score of NBNA.Results Significant differences (P ＜ 0.05) were found between full-term SGA (10.72 ± 1.41,7.13 ± 0.96,7.32 ± 0.74,37.16 ±1.32) and normal neonates (11.27 ± 1.04,7.89 ± 0.72,7.62 ± 0.64,39.12 ± 0.76) in terms of capacity,active and passive muscle tension and NBNA score.Full-term SGA neonates had lower score than control.Univariate logistic regression showed that delivery,placenta abnormalities,umbilical cord abnormalities,infection in perinatal period,gestational hypertension,twin pregnancy,hyperbilirubinemia affected neurobehavioral development of full-term SGA infants.Multivariate logistic regression showed that mothers' infection in perinatal period (OR =2.175,95 ％ CI 1.981 ～ 2.408,P ＜ 0.05),twin pregnancy (OR =1.936,95％ CI 1.517 ～2.368,P ＜ 0.05) and hyperbilirubinemia (OR =1.518,95％ CI 1.072-2.149,P ＜ 0.05) were risk factors for neurobehavioral delay of full-term SGA infants.Conclusion Full-term SGA neonates showed poorer quality in neurobehavior.Risk factors associated with neurobehavior of full-term SGA infants included mothers' infection in perinatal period,twin pregnancy and hyperbilirubinemia.

Recurrent miscarriage is a common disease in clinical obstetrics and gynecology. There is no curative treatment for recurrent miscarriage in conventional medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of recurrent miscarriage in China for thousands of years. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with high quality evaluating the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) still lack. This study was conducted in order to identify methodological problems in published or unpublished RCTs of CHM in the treatment of recurrent miscarriage, and provide suggestions for TCM researchers to conduct high-quality clinical research.

Objective To investigate the effects of different concentrations of ketamine on the apoptosis of cultured spinal dorsal horn neurons and astrocytes induced by glutamate. Methods Newborn Wistar rats (1-3 days old) weighing 10-15 g were used in this study. The animals were anesthetized and the dorsal hom of T11-L5 segment of the spinal cord was separated under sterile condition. The neurons and astrocytes were obtained by trypsin digestion of the tissue and mixed and cultured for 2 weeks. The cells were then randomly divided into 6 groups ( n = 8 each) : control group (C) in which Hank solution 50 ?l was added; glutamate group (G) glutamate was added (the final concentration was 100 ?mol?L-1); ketamine group (K) ketamine was added (final concentration = 1 mmol?L-1) and glutamate-ketamine groups (GK1 , GK2, GK3) glutamate was added first (final concentration was 100 ?mol?L-1) and 30 minutes later ketamine was added (the final concentration was 0.1, 1 or 10 mmol?L-1). After being incubated for 48 h the supernatant was harvested for determination of IL-1? and TNF-? concentrations. The morphological changes of the cells were examined by Wright staining. The apoptotic neurons and astrocytes were detected by flow cytometry.Results The number of apoptotic cells was significantly greater and the concentrations of IL-1? and TNF-? were significantly higher in group G and GK1 than in group C (P

The aim of the study was to explore the safety management strategies for homeless persons with psychotic disorders.The following nursing management measures were implemented in 127 psychiatric patients,including precaution of aggression and other accidents,treatment of physical diseases,prevention and control of infectious diseases,intensive managementof key areas,key time and key patients,formulation and implementation of safety management regulations and emergency response system,nurse training on professional diathesis,skills and safety awareness.These measures effectively avoided the risksin psychiatric nursing,reduced nursing errors and ensured patient safety.

X-ray plane film. Three-dimensional CT could show the three-dimensional structure of spinal canal clearly. The postoperative efficacy of all patients was satisfactory. Conclusion The three checking methods of spinal fracture were complementary to each other, but three-dimensional CT had the advantage in reconstructing spinal canal.

TFL1 homologs play important roles in maintaining vegetative growth and inflorescence meristem identity. The plants without the function of this gene usually are flowering earlier. Their normal inflorescence development is inhibited, the inflorescence meristem eventually acquired floral identity, which producing a terminal flower. Up to now, the TFL1 homologs have been isolated from 28 species of plants, including Arabidopsis, Snapdrogen and Tomato. The phylogenic tree of TFL1 proteins is almost accordance with the relative of those plants. The inflorescence identity gene TFL1 interacted with floral meristem identity genes LFY and AP1, so as to retard the transformation from inflorescence identity into floral identity. These meristem identity genes such as TFL1 and LFY can be applied in breeding of earl-flowering cultivars, there also have plenty of potentials in breeding fruit-free plantanus, popular or willows.