ObjectiveTo study the clinical effect of locking compression plate fixation in treatment of the elders with unstable fractures of the distal radius. Methods17 cases with unstable distal radius fractures were treated by volar locking compression plate. The function of the carpal joints and the bone healing conditions were evaluated after operations. ResultsAll cases were followed-up for 7 to 16 months ( mean 12. 6 months). Union was obtained in all the patients after 11.4 weeks. The clinical outcomes were evaluated according to modified X-rays and wrist assessment. 12 cases were graded as excellent and 4 as good. 1 case were graded as poor. The overall satisfactory rate was 94. 1％. ConclusionThe unstable distal radial fractures could be effectively treated with open reduction and LCP fixation through volar approach.

Background:Acute hepatic failure( AHF)is a common pathophysiological process of end-stage liver disease with complex etiology,difficulty in diagnosis and high mortality rate. Aims:To investigate the protective effect of nicotinamide on AHF in mice. Methods:AHF model in mice was established by intraperitoneal injection with D-galactosamine 700 mg/kg and lipopolysaccharide 10 μg/kg. Fifty-four mice were divided into blank control group,nicotinamide control group, AHF model group and low,moderate,high dose(400,800,1 000 mg/kg)nicotinamide groups,levels of ALT,AST, TNF-α and IL-6 were determined,HE staining was used to examine hepatic histological injury,liver cell apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay,and protein expression of Caspase-3 was detected by Western blotting. Another 40 mice were divided into AHF model group,saline group and low,moderate,high dose(400,800,1 000 mg/kg)nicotinamide groups,mortality rate was observed dynamically. Results:Compared with blank control group and nicotinamide control group,levels of ALT and AST were significantly increased(P<0. 05),infiltration of inflammatory cells and necrosis of cells and levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased( P <0. 05 ),and apoptosis of liver cells and protein expression of Caspase-3 were significantly increased in AHF model group(P <0. 05). In groups pretreated with low, moderate and high dose nicotinamide,all the above-mentioned indices were significantly improved in a dose-dependent manner(P<0. 05). Survival rate in low,moderate,high dose nicotinamide groups was significantly higher than that in AHF model group(37. 5%,62. 5%,100% vs. 0%,P all <0. 05). Conclusions:Nicotinamide could protect mice from AHF via inhibiting inflammatory response and hepatocyte apoptosis,thereby increase the survival rate.

Opioids can activate the pro-nociceptive channel by which the sensitivity to pain has been increased, which is called opioids induced hyperalgesia (OIH). The mechanism of OIH has not been identified, but it is possibly involved in the increased activity of central glutamatergic system, changed function of opioid receptors, roles of peripheral receptors, effects of endogenous neuropeptides, decreased function of inhibitory neurotransmission system, and changed elements in signal transduction pathway, etc.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methanol ; poisoning ; Occupational Diseases ; chemically induced ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Poisoning ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To summarize the result of several kinds of flaps treated to first web space contraction. Methods Thirty-two cases of sever contracture of the first web space were treated between September 2000 and March 2009. Ultrathin groin flap, blood vessel pedicle reverse-flow island flap, neurocutaneous flap of the forearm, and free skin flap were used. The area of flaps were 3.0 cm × 5.0 cm-4.5 cm× 8.0 cm.The therapeutic result was observed by 3-12 months follow-up. Results There were partial necrosis at the distal part of flap in 1 case of nerve nutritional vascular pedicle skin flap and 1 case of ultrathin groin flap.The raw surface was healed by free skin grafting. The other flaps were all survived. There was some contraction observed in some patients after the K-wire released. The width of the first web space was augmented to an average of 50 mm (35-60 mm) and account to 80% to the uninjured side. The angle of the first web space was increased to an average of 70°(45°-80°). The contracture was improved significantly. The abduction and opposition function of thumb were restored. There was some degree decrease of grasp strength. The patients can fulfil daily life and partial work. But sensation was not good in some patients. The contour of the flaps:the contour of ultrathin groin flap was good. The contour of flaps in 3 cases of island skin flaps, 1 case of nerve nutritional vascular pedicle skin flap and 2 cases of free flaps were trimmed again in order to be improved. Conclusion The sever contracture of the first web space could be treated by different kinds of flaps, the suitable management should be chosen according to the specific situation.

Objective:To discusse the clinical features of sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma to improve the understanding of diagnosis and treatment for sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods:Data including clinical features and follow-up from 8 pa-tients admitted in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2009 to April 2014 were retrospectively ana-lyzed. Results: The average age of all patients was 56.6 years old, and the male-to-female ratio was 3:1. Preoperative CT or MRI showed specific characteristics but it was difficult to confirm diagnosis. Pathological and immunohistochemical examination revealed an expressed epithelial-like phenotype. All 8 patients had advanced local tumor invasion and high lymph node metastasis rates. These patients received surgery, and the median survival time was 10.8 months (3 months to 35 months). Conclusion:Diagnosis of sarcoma-toid hepatocellular carcinoma mainly depended on postoperative pathological examination. Immunohistochemistry was beneficial for sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Surgical treatment prolonged survival time, but the overall prognosis remained poor.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics,surgical treatment strategy and prognosis of primary malignant neoplasms of the appendix.Methods The clinical data of 74 patients with primary malignant neoplasms of the appendix in our hospital from January 1982 to December 2012 were retrospectively studied.Results Among the 74 cases of primary malignant neoplasms of the appendix,carcinoids were the most common accounting for approximately 70％,adenocarcinoma accounting for 22％ and lymphoma accounting for 8％.The prognosis of primary malignant neoplasms of the appendix is rather poor,nainly because of patients' later presentetion.The overall 1,3,5-year survival rate is respectively 95％,74％,60％,the prognosis of carcinoid is good,while that of adenocarcinoma is poor.Conclusions The incidence of primary malignant neoplasms of the appendix is relatively low.It is difficult to diagnose preoperatively,and the diagnosis relies mainly on rapid intraoperative frozen section and postoperative pathology.

Objective To identify the prognostic factors for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 99 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma who received surgical treatment at the Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 2000 to January 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.Lymph nodes at the hepatic portal and group 12,13 and 8 lymph nodes were resected.The range of hepatectomy was decided according to the size,location,number of tumor and the hepatic function.Patients were followed up every month within the first 6 months after operation,every 3 months at 6 months later,and they were followed up every half year at 2 years later.Patients who were suspected as with tumor recurrence or progression were followed up every month.All the patients were followed up till death or March of 2013.The survival was analyzed using the Log-rank test,and multivariate analysis was done using the COX regression model.Results Forty patients received hemi-hepatectomy,27 received extended hemi-hepatectomy,20 received segmentectomy,and 12 received hemi-hepatectomy + wedge resection.All the patients were followed up and the median time of follow-up was 33 months (range 21.1-44.9 months).The 1-,3-,5-year recurrence-free survival rates and total survival rates of the 99 patients were 64.6％,29.2％,22.7％ and 78.8％,46.4％ and 30.3％,respectively.The results of univariate analysis showed that hepatitis B or C virus infection,preoperative CA19-9 level,TNM staging,lymph node metastasis,microvascular invasion,number of nodules and Ro resection were risk factors influencing the recurrence-free survival time (Log-rank value =5.048,5.982,20.128,13.148,29.632,32.488,50.574,P ＜0.05).The peroperative CA19-9 level,TNM staging,lymph node metastasis,microvascular invasion,number of nodules and R0 resection were risk factors influencing the total survival rate (Log-rank value =4.302,17.267,11.756,23.840,36.411,47.126,P ＜0.05).There were significant differences in the recurrence-free survival time and total survival time between patients in different TNM stages (20 patients in stage Ⅰ,44 in stage Ⅱ,8 in stage Ⅲ and 27 in stage Ⅳ) (Log-rank value =20.128,17.267,P ＜0.05).There were significant difference in the recurrence-free survival time between patients in stage Ⅰ and Ⅲ,patients in stage Ⅰ and Ⅳ,and between patients in stage Ⅱ and Ⅳ (Log-rank value =10.807,19.368,6.347,P ＜ 0.05).There were significant difference in the total survival time between patients in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ,patients in stage Ⅰ and Ⅲ,patients in stage Ⅰ and Ⅳ and between patients in stage Ⅱ and Ⅳ (Log-rank value =6.119,4.015,16.282,4.929,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the survival time between patients in other TNM stages (P ＞ 0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that TNM stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ,microvascular invasion,multiple nodules and R0 resection were independent risk factors influencing the recurrence-free survival time (RR =1.413,3.073,2.737,3.916,95％ confidence interval:1.119-1.784,1.837-5.140,1.338-4.207,1.849-8.291,P＜0.05) ; lymph node metastasis,microvascular invasion,multiple tumors and R0 resection were the independent risk factors influencing the total survival time (RR =2.025,2.948,0.327,3.494,95％ confidence interval:1.215-3.374,1.774-4.900,0.183-0.583,1.670-7.310,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions TNM stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ,lymph node metastasis,microvascular invasion,multiple nodules,non-R0 resection shorten the recurrence-free survival time and total survival time of patients who received surgical resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,and they are the main factors influencing the prognosis.R0 resection could improve the survival of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective To evaluate precise hepatectomy for liver metastases of colorectal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 85 patients with liver metastases of colorectal cancer who were admitted to the Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from October 2006 to October 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Forty-two patients received precise hepatectomy(precise group) and 43 received routine hepatectomy (routine group). Evaluation of the hepatic and renal functions and detection of the tumors' condition were done before carrying out anatomical liver resection for patients in the routine group. Hepatic functional reserve of patients in the precise group was detected by indocyanine green excretion test. Hepatic artery, hepatic vein and portal vein were three-dimensionally reconstructed according to the data of computed tomography. The liver volume and residual liver volume of the patients were calculated. Hepatic resection was guided by intra-operative ultrasound in the precise group. Periand postoperative conditions and the results of follow-up of patients in the two groups were compared. All data were analyzed using the t test or chi-square test. Results No perioperative mortality was observed in the two groups.Time of hepatic blood flow occlusion and blood loss were (35±25)minutes and (685 ± 524) ml in the routine group, and (64±39) minutes and (486±360) ml in the precise group, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups(t=4.116,-2.033, P＜0.05). The volumes of blood transfusion of the routine group and the precise group were (228±398) ml and (160±330)ml, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (t=-0.861, P＞0.05). The postoperaive levels of alanine transaminase at day 1 and day 7 were (672±284)U/L and (332±161)U/L in the routine group, and (344±158)U/L and (125 ±93) U/L in the precise group, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (t=-6.541,-7.232,P＜0.05). The length of hospital stay and postoperative mobidity were (18±10)days and 26% (11/43) in the routine group, and (12±6)days and 7%(3/42) in the precise group, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (t=- 3.915, x2=5.251, P＜0.05). The 1-year tumor recurrence rate and 1-year survival rate were 37% (16/43) and 88% (38/43) in the routine group, and 21% (9/42) and 93% (39/42) in the precise group, with no significant difference between the two groups (x2= 0.110, 0. 501, P＞0.05). Conclusion Precise hepatectomy is superior to routine hepatectomy in aspect of minimal trauma, quick recovery, efficacy and safety.

Background Research showed that the morbidity rate of primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) in Mongolian population is 3.02 times more than Han nationality population.To understand the cause and mechanism of PACG in Mongolia is of an important significance.Objective This study was to investigate the pathogenesis of Mongolian PACG.Methods Thirty-two eyes of 32 PACG patients in Mongolia and 40 eyes of 40 PACG patients of Han peoples were included in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital according to the diagnosis criteria of glaucoma group of Chinese Medical Ophthalmology Association (version 1987),and 13 eyes of 13 normal Mongolia and 17 eyes of 17 normal Han peoples who suffered with ocular truma were recruited as controls.Intraocular pressure(IOP) was measured before surgery.The trabecular meshwork tissue was obtained from all the eyes during the operation.Annexinv-FITC/PI double staining was performed and the apoptosis rate of trabecula cells was tested with flow cytometry.Written informed consent was obtained initial of the study.Results The IOP value in Mongolia PACG group,Han PACG group,Mengolia normal group and Han normal group was (35.97±7.11)mmHg,(38.70± 6.82) mmHg,(14.69 ± 2.91) mmHg and (13.59 ± 2.91) mmHg,respectively,showing a significant difference among the 4 groups(F=106.144,P=0.000),and the IOP was significantly higher in the Mengolia PACG group and Han PACG group than the normal groups(P＜0.05).The apoptosis rate of the cells was (7.14±0.67)％,(5.40±0.69) ％,(5.86±0.91) ％ and(2.29±0.65) ％ in the Mongolia PACG group,Han PACG group,Mongolia normal group and Han normal group,respectively,with a significant difference among them (F =174.888,P =0.000),and apoptosis rate of the Mongolia PACG group was significantly higher than that of the Han PACG group and the Mongolia normal group (P＜0.05).No significant difference was found between the Mongolia PACG group and the Han PACG group or between the Mongolia normal group and Han normal group (P＞0.05).The cell apoptosis rate was increased with the elevation of IOP (b =0.990,F=10.209,P =0.009) with the regression equition Y =2.788 +0.092X.Conclusions The apoptosis rate of trabecula cells in Mongolian is higher than Han people.If these results are associated with the high incidence of Mengolia PACG is worth of study.